Logic Exam 1 – 2025/2026 | 50+ Questions with Answers | Validity, Modus Ponens, Fallacies, Deductive Forms

This document contains over 50 expertly answered questions from Logic Exam 1 for the academic year 2025/2026. It offers a comprehensive overview of formal logic principles and is designed to help students identify, evaluate, and construct sound logical arguments. The content is structured to aid recognition of both valid and invalid reasoning patterns in symbolic and natural language form. Key concepts covered include: Basic argument forms: Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Disjunctive Syllogism, Hypothetical Syllogism, Constructive Dilemma Invalid forms: Denying the antecedent, affirming the consequent Evaluation of arguments: Soundness, validity, cogency, and strength Truth-functional logic: Disjunctions, conditionals, conjunctions, negation Symbolic logic notation: Translating between English and formal symbols Fallacy recognition and identifying invalid logical steps in argument structure Definitions and distinctions between truth vs. validity, argument vs. statement, and strong vs. weak arguments This exam material is ideal for students in: Philosophy Formal Logic or Critical Thinking courses Computer Science (logic circuits & propositional logic) Mathematics or Law programs where deductive reasoning is essential It serves as a high-quality revision tool for exams, assignments, or general mastery of deductive logic. Each question is matched with the correct form or concept, helping students improve their argument analysis and reasoning skills. Keywords: logic exam, argument validity, modus ponens, modus tollens, disjunctive syllogism, hypothetical syllogism, constructive dilemma, denying antecedent, affirming consequent, symbolic logic, truth tables, sound arguments, valid vs invalid, cogent argument, formal logic, deductive reasoning, logical fallacies, logic forms, critical thinking, propositional logic