,Chapter 01: Nursing Today
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Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE HI
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
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a. Florence Nightingale HI
b. Mary Nutting HI
c. Clara Barton HI
d. Lillian Wald HI
ANS: A HI
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connecte
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
d poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wal
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
d came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mar
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
y Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton foun
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ded the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Understand (comprehension) HI
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance HI HI HI HI
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard
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of nursing practice is the nurse following?
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a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C HI
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives
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to attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensi
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ve data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nu
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
rse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementatio
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
n, the registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Understand (comprehension) HI
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Planning HI
HI MSC: Management of Care
H I HI HI
3. An experienced medical-
HI HI
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nur
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se upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
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a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner HI
ANS: A HI
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previou
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
s level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice i
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
n home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s cli
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
nical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer kn
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
owledge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse und
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
erstands the organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical,
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to ant
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
icipate nursing care and establish long-
HI HI HI HI HI
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advan
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able t
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
o identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Evaluatio HI
n MSC: Management of Care
HI H I HI HI
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more flui
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ds. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
demonstrating?
HI
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B HI
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of in
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
dependent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practi
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ce. Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type a
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
nd quality of nursing care provided.
HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Implementatio HI
n MSC: Management of Care
HI H I HI HI
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nu
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
rse implementing?
HI
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B HI
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI H
care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason f
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
or routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI H
learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and prov
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level fun
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ction and independence through the healing process.
HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Implementatio HI
n MSC: Management of Care
HI H I HI HI
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced pract
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ice nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory developme
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
nt. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) HI HI HI HI HI
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) HI HI HI HI
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) HI HI HI HI HI
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ANS: B HI
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory developmen
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
t and award the research-
HI HI HI HI
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
(DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Understand (comprehension) HI
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (R
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
N) education.
HI TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care H I H I HI HI
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurs
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
es Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
a. Graduate education HI
b. Inservice education HI
c. Continuing education HI
d. Registered nurse education HI HI
ANS: C HI
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universit
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ies, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
and health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can purs
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
fields, including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI H
by a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparat
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ion for an individual intending to be an RN.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
HI HI HI
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
HI HI HI HI HI
MULTIPLE CHOICE HI
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
a. Florence Nightingale HI
b. Mary Nutting HI
c. Clara Barton HI
d. Lillian Wald HI
ANS: A HI
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connecte
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
d poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wal
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
d came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mar
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
y Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton foun
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ded the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Understand (comprehension) HI
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance HI HI HI HI
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
of nursing practice is the nurse following?
HI HI HI HI HI HI
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C HI
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI H
to attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensi
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ve data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nu
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
rse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementatio
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
n, the registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Understand (comprehension) HI
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Planning HI
HI MSC: Management of Care
H I HI HI
3. An experienced medical-
HI HI
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nur
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
se upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner HI
ANS: A HI
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previou
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
s level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice i
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
n home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s cli
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
nical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer kn
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
owledge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse und
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
erstands the organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical,
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to ant
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
icipate nursing care and establish long-
HI HI HI HI HI
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advan
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able t
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
o identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Evaluatio HI
n MSC: Management of Care
HI H I HI HI
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more flui
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ds. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
demonstrating?
HI
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B HI
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of in
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
dependent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practi
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ce. Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type a
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
nd quality of nursing care provided.
HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Implementatio HI
n MSC: Management of Care
HI H I HI HI
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nu
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
rse implementing?
HI
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B HI
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI H
care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
facility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason f
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
or routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI H
learning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and prov
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level fun
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ction and independence through the healing process.
HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
TOP: Implementatio HI
n MSC: Management of Care
HI H I HI HI
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced pract
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ice nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory developme
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
nt. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) HI HI HI HI HI
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) HI HI HI HI
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) HI HI HI HI HI
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ANS: B HI
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory developmen
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
t and award the research-
HI HI HI HI
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
(DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
is a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Understand (comprehension) HI
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (R
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
N) education.
HI TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care H I H I HI HI
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurs
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
es Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
a. Graduate education HI
b. Inservice education HI
c. Continuing education HI
d. Registered nurse education HI HI
ANS: C HI
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universit
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ies, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
and health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can purs
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ue graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
fields, including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI H
by a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparat
I HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
ion for an individual intending to be an RN.
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
DIF:Apply (application) HI
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI
