Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study
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Material
TEST BANK ss
Genetics Essentials: Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Benjamin A. Pierce
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www.PlusBay.Plus
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Material
TABLE OF CONTENTss ss
Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics ....................................................................................................................... 3
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Chapter 02: Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction .......................................................................................... 15
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Chapter 03: Basic Principles of Heredity ............................................................................................................... 32
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Chapter 04: Extensions and Modifications of Basic Principles .............................................................................. 59
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Chapter 05: Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping ................................................................. 98
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Chapter 06: Chromosome Variation .................................................................................................................... 115
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Chapter 07: Bacterial and Viral Genetic Systems ................................................................................................ 139
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Chapter 08 DNA: The Chemical Nature of the Gene .......................................................................................... 152
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Chapter 09: DNA Replication and Recombination .............................................................................................. 181
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Chapter 10: From DNA to Proteins: Transcription and RNA Processing ............................................................ 198
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Chapter 11: From DNA to Proteins: Translation ................................................................................................. 224
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Chapter 12: Control of Gene Expression ............................................................................................................. 244
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Chapter 13: Gene Mutations, Transposable Elements, and DNA Repair............................................................. 278
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Chapter 14: Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology............................................................................... 298
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Chapter 15: Genomics and Proteomics ................................................................................................................ 314
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Chapter 16: Cancer Genetics ............................................................................................................................... 332
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Chapter 17: Quantitative Genetics ....................................................................................................................... 346
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Chapter 18: Population and Evolutionary Genetics ............................................................................................. 366
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, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Material
Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics
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1. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. However,
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the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in terms of
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
natural selection why albinism is so rare in most human populations.
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ANSWER: In most populations, there is fairly strong selection against albinism because albinos don‘t produce
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melanin, causing their skin cells not to be protected from the damaging effects of sunlight. Also, the
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lack of melanin in their eyes causes them to have poor eyesight. Finally, in most cultures albinos are
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seen as abnormal, and they are not normally sought out for marriage and mating. Therefore, in most
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populations the alleles that cause albinism are selected against, and they decrease in frequency or are
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
kept at a low level, causing the recessive trait to be rare.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
2. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. However,
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in terms of
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
natural selection why the trait is so much more common among the Hopis of Black Mesa.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: Albinos occupy a privileged position among the Hopis of Black Mesa. In this culture, albinos are
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
viewed as especially pretty, clean, and intelligent, and they often occupy positions of leadership.
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Albinos are celebrated in the villages as a sign of purity of Hopi blood in the community.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Furthermore, albinos are often excused from normal male field labor because of their sensitivity to ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
sunlight, causing them to be left behind in the village with the women during the daytime. This
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
allows them extra mating opportunities compared to the other men of the village. Therefore, the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
alleles that cause albinism are either selected for in this culture or at least not selected against as
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
strongly as in other cultures, allowing the trait to occur at a much higher frequency.
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3. Which one of the following pairings between the subdiscipline of genetics and the phenomenon is
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INCORRECT?
ss
a. evolution—population genetics ss
b. gene regulation—molecular genetics
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c. allelic frequency alteration—population genetics
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d. arrangement of genes on chromosome—transmission genetics ss ss ss ss ss
e. chemical nature of the gene—transmission genetics ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: e ss
4. Which one of the following topics of research belongs to the discipline of transmission genetics?
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a. inheritance pattern of gene alleles ss ss ss ss
b. mechanism of DNA replication ss ss ss
c. gene expression patterns ss ss
d. evolution
e. chemical modification of nucleic acids ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: a ss
5. The complete genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its
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a. chromosome.
b. alleles.
c. locus.
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Material
d. genome.
e. phenotype.
ANSWER: d ss
6. Identify a TRUE statement from the following descriptions concerning genetics.
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a. The theory of pangenesis states that all living organisms are composed of cells.
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b. Bacteria and viruses are not useful in studying genes and inheritance because they are structurally
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and metabolically different from eukaryotic cells.
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c. Charles Darwin accurately described the laws of inheritance in his landmark book, On the Origin of
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Species.
ss
d. Many human traits, such as skin and hair color, are determined by more than a single gene.
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e. Evolution can occur without genetic changes in the population. ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: d ss
7. Identify a FALSE statement from the following descriptions of genetics.
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a. Humans first applied genetics to the domestication of plants and animals between approximately
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10,000 and 12,000 years ago.
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b. Some viruses use RNA to carry their genetic information.
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c. Albinism results from a mutation in the genes that control the synthesis and storage of melanin.
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d. All human traits that display blending inheritance are affected by a single gene.
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e. The process by which genetic information is copied and decoded is similar for all forms of life.
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ANSWER: d ss
8. Which of the following species is considered a model genetic organism?
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a. the plant Linaria vulgaris
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b. the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus
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c. the worm Caenorhabditis elegans
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d. the frog Hyla chrysoscelis
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e. the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes
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ss ANSWER: c ss
9. Which of the following would serve the LEAST well as a model for understanding basic mechanisms of
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inheritance?
ss
a. fruit flies ss
b. humans
c. yeast
d. mice
e. zebrafish
ANSWER: b ss
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
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a. Each subdiscipline of genetics is very specific as to what is explored and does not overlap with the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Material
TEST BANK ss
Genetics Essentials: Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Benjamin A. Pierce
ss ss
www.PlusBay.Plus
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Material
TABLE OF CONTENTss ss
Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics ....................................................................................................................... 3
ss ss ss ss
Chapter 02: Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction .......................................................................................... 15
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 03: Basic Principles of Heredity ............................................................................................................... 32
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 04: Extensions and Modifications of Basic Principles .............................................................................. 59
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 05: Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping ................................................................. 98
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 06: Chromosome Variation .................................................................................................................... 115
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Chapter 07: Bacterial and Viral Genetic Systems ................................................................................................ 139
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 08 DNA: The Chemical Nature of the Gene .......................................................................................... 152
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 09: DNA Replication and Recombination .............................................................................................. 181
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 10: From DNA to Proteins: Transcription and RNA Processing ............................................................ 198
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 11: From DNA to Proteins: Translation ................................................................................................. 224
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 12: Control of Gene Expression ............................................................................................................. 244
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 13: Gene Mutations, Transposable Elements, and DNA Repair............................................................. 278
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 14: Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology............................................................................... 298
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 15: Genomics and Proteomics ................................................................................................................ 314
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Chapter 16: Cancer Genetics ............................................................................................................................... 332
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Chapter 17: Quantitative Genetics ....................................................................................................................... 346
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Chapter 18: Population and Evolutionary Genetics ............................................................................................. 366
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, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Material
Chapter 01: Introduction to Genetics
ss ss ss ss
1. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. However,
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in terms of
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
natural selection why albinism is so rare in most human populations.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: In most populations, there is fairly strong selection against albinism because albinos don‘t produce
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
melanin, causing their skin cells not to be protected from the damaging effects of sunlight. Also, the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
lack of melanin in their eyes causes them to have poor eyesight. Finally, in most cultures albinos are
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
seen as abnormal, and they are not normally sought out for marriage and mating. Therefore, in most
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
populations the alleles that cause albinism are selected against, and they decrease in frequency or are
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
kept at a low level, causing the recessive trait to be rare.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
2. Albinism is rare in most human populations, occurring at a frequency of about 1 in 20,000 people. However,
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
the trait occurs at a frequency of 1 in 200 in certain Hopi villages of Black Mesa in Arizona. Explain in terms of
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
natural selection why the trait is so much more common among the Hopis of Black Mesa.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: Albinos occupy a privileged position among the Hopis of Black Mesa. In this culture, albinos are
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
viewed as especially pretty, clean, and intelligent, and they often occupy positions of leadership.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Albinos are celebrated in the villages as a sign of purity of Hopi blood in the community.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Furthermore, albinos are often excused from normal male field labor because of their sensitivity to ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
sunlight, causing them to be left behind in the village with the women during the daytime. This
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
allows them extra mating opportunities compared to the other men of the village. Therefore, the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
alleles that cause albinism are either selected for in this culture or at least not selected against as
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
strongly as in other cultures, allowing the trait to occur at a much higher frequency.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
3. Which one of the following pairings between the subdiscipline of genetics and the phenomenon is
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
INCORRECT?
ss
a. evolution—population genetics ss
b. gene regulation—molecular genetics
ss ss
c. allelic frequency alteration—population genetics
ss ss ss
d. arrangement of genes on chromosome—transmission genetics ss ss ss ss ss
e. chemical nature of the gene—transmission genetics ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: e ss
4. Which one of the following topics of research belongs to the discipline of transmission genetics?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. inheritance pattern of gene alleles ss ss ss ss
b. mechanism of DNA replication ss ss ss
c. gene expression patterns ss ss
d. evolution
e. chemical modification of nucleic acids ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: a ss
5. The complete genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. chromosome.
b. alleles.
c. locus.
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Material
d. genome.
e. phenotype.
ANSWER: d ss
6. Identify a TRUE statement from the following descriptions concerning genetics.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. The theory of pangenesis states that all living organisms are composed of cells.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
b. Bacteria and viruses are not useful in studying genes and inheritance because they are structurally
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
and metabolically different from eukaryotic cells.
ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Charles Darwin accurately described the laws of inheritance in his landmark book, On the Origin of
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Species.
ss
d. Many human traits, such as skin and hair color, are determined by more than a single gene.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
e. Evolution can occur without genetic changes in the population. ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: d ss
7. Identify a FALSE statement from the following descriptions of genetics.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Humans first applied genetics to the domestication of plants and animals between approximately
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
10,000 and 12,000 years ago.
ss ss ss ss ss
b. Some viruses use RNA to carry their genetic information.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
c. Albinism results from a mutation in the genes that control the synthesis and storage of melanin.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss s
d. All human traits that display blending inheritance are affected by a single gene.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
e. The process by which genetic information is copied and decoded is similar for all forms of life.
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ANSWER: d ss
8. Which of the following species is considered a model genetic organism?
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. the plant Linaria vulgaris
ss ss ss
b. the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus
ss ss ss ss
c. the worm Caenorhabditis elegans
ss ss ss
d. the frog Hyla chrysoscelis
ss ss ss
e. the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes
ss ss ss
ss ANSWER: c ss
9. Which of the following would serve the LEAST well as a model for understanding basic mechanisms of
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
inheritance?
ss
a. fruit flies ss
b. humans
c. yeast
d. mice
e. zebrafish
ANSWER: b ss
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
ss ss ss ss ss ss
a. Each subdiscipline of genetics is very specific as to what is explored and does not overlap with the
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
