HCAD 5210/ HCAD5210 Mid Term Exam | Complete 80 Questions and Answers | 100% Correct updated Fall 2025/26.

Mid Term Exam HCAD 5210 1. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), recent growth in the number of older adults is unprecedented and expected to continue through 2050. a. True b. False 2. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately __________ adults in the United States have some type of disability. a. one in every two b. one in every five c. one in every three d. one in every four 3. What is the name of the umbrella agency established by the US government in 2012 to provide services and supports for older adults and individuals with disabilities? a. The Administration on Aging b. The Administration for Community Living c. The Aging and Disability Resource Center d. The Administration for Disabilities 4. Long-term care services are provided based on limitations in which of the following? a. Financial resources b. Eligibility for government insurance programs c. Veterans status d. Activities of daily living 5. Caregiving for individuals with long-term care needs can be provided by which of the following? a. Paid individuals b. Unpaid individuals c. Family members d. All of the above 6. What is the name of the branch of medicine that deals with the health and care of older adults? a. Gerontology b. Disability services c. Geriatrics d. Senior Services7. True or false: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is the first piece of legislation to comprehensively consider the role of long-term services and supports (LTSS) as part of larger healthcare reform initiatives. a. True b. False 8. Key goals of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) include which of the following? a. Improvement of healthcare quality for all b. Reduction in unnecessary hospitalizations c. Better coordination of services across acute and community-based settings d. All of the above 9. Chief obstacles to improved access to long-term services and supports (LTSS) for older adults and people with disabilities include all of the following except what? a. Reliance on unpaid family caregivers b. Limited access to private insurance c. Lack of consumer willingness to use community-based care d. Gaps in funding between Medicaid and Medicare 10. Which of the following is the largest payer of long-term services and supports (LTSS) in the United States? a. Medicare b. Private health insurance c. Medicaid d. Charitable organizations 11. The Administration for Community Living (ACL) was created by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) from all of these agencies except for what? a. Administration on Developmental Disabilities b. Office on Disability c. National Institute on Aging d. Administration on Aging 12. Aging and Disability Resource Centers (ADRCs) were first created under which of the following? a. The Affordable Care Act (2010) b. The Older Americans Act (1965) c. Medicaid demonstration waivers (2003) d. The Money Follows the Person program13. True or false: Individuals who are dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid have the highest percentage of costs in both programs. a. True b. False 14. Being certified as an accountable care organization (ACO) under the Medicare Shared Savings Program requires all of the following except what? a. A network of providers, including hospitals, physicians, and others as appropriate b. Willingness to have reimbursements adjusted according to quality benchmarks c. Enrolling at least 1,000 Medicare beneficiaries for a minimum of one year d. Meeting regulatory and quality of care benchmarks 15. The Elder Justice Act provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) include which of the following? a. Guaranteed federal funding b. The creation of a national registry of nursing assistants to prevent the employment of those with a history of elder abuse in long-term care settings c. A national standard for the funding of state Medicaid programs d. Auditing nursing home reporting of staff levels and quality indicators 16. The first piece of national legislation that addressed the need to protect the rights of people with disabilities was a. The Older Americans Act b. OBRA of 1981 c. COBRA d. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 17. Which Act identified discrimination against individuals with disabilities as similar to discrimination based on race, gender, religion and age? a. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 b. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 c. The Older Americans Act d. The IDEA Act 18. The Nursing Home Reform Act first introduced the Federal Long-Term Care Survey and was part of which larger Act? a. OBRA of 1981 b. OBRA of 1987 c. HIPAA d. The Older Americans Act 19. Transitions of care apply only to hospital discharges to nursing homes.a. True b. False 20. Which of the following terms refers to the process of planning and moving a patient from one care setting to another care setting or back to the community? a. Coordination of benefits b. Palliative care c. Discharge planning d. Subordination of care 21. Where is subacute care provided? a. At home with home health care b. In hospitals and some skilled nursing facilities c. At assisted living facilities d. All of the above 22. Acute Care for Elders (ACE) units are predominantly found in what setting? a. Assisted living facilities b. Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) c. Nursing homes d. Acute care hospitals 23. Care delivered after a stay in an acute care hospital is referred to as post-acute care (PAC) and may involve which of the following? a. Skilled nursing care b. Home health care c. Inpatient rehabilitation d. All of the above 24. What is the aim of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP)? a. Reduce payments to hospitals that have excess readmissions from discharged patients b. Focus on all reasons for admissions c. Improve transition from post-acute care to acute care d. Increase admissions to acute care hospitals 25. The Protecting Access to Medicare Act (PAMA) and the Improving Medicare Post-Acute Care Transformation (IMPACT) Act were both enacted in 2014. What is the purpose of these laws? a. Reduce Medicaid spending in long-term care facilities b. Improve measurement of hospital readmissionc. Standardize measures for resident assessment, resource use, and quality data d. B and C only 26. Which of the following is an attempt to reduce costs to Medicare and to improve quality of care? a. Accountable care organizations b. Fee-for-services payments c. Prospective payment d. Elder law precedents 27. True or false: In 2018, CMS extended penalties to include skilled nursing facilities for excessive readmissions to hospitals (within 30 days post-discharge) a. True b. False 28. Hospital-at-home is an innovative care model that is used by healthcare organizations that: a. Provides hospital-level care in a patient’s home as a full substitute for acute hospital care b. Promotes patient-centered care c. Helps reduce hospital readmission stays d. All of the above 29. Community-Based Care Transitions Program aim to do all of the flowing except: a. Identify the needs of Medicare beneficiaries recently discharged from the hospitals to their homes b. Reduce payments to hospitals that have excess readmissions c. Coordinate the care of Medicare beneficiaries recently discharged from the hospital to their home d. Reduce hospital-acquired conditions and hospital readmissions 30. True or false: A transition coach, also known as a care navigator, is an individual who specializes in assisting patients and residents in movements through the care transitions process. a. True b. False 31. True or false: Rehospitalization rates for patients receiving telehealth home care were significantly lower than the rates for traditional home care patients. a. True b. False32. A community with 50 percent or more of older persons residing within a specific geographic area is called what? a. National organization for retired citizens b. Naturally occurring retired citizen c. New order retirement community d. Naturally occurring retirement community 33. True or false: A publicly funded facility that provides housing, meals, and services for individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities who would otherwise need institutional care is called a group home or community care facility. a. True b. False 34. The philosophy of care in assisted living includes all of the following except which of the following? a. Right to choose b. Dignity and respect c. Right to privacy d. Curing chronic conditions 35. Which of the following types of long-term care offers the most comprehensive options to residents as they age and their needs change? a. Skilled nursing facilities b. Assisted living facilities c. Life plan communities, or continuing care retirement communities d. Green Houses 36. The goals of culture change, as defined by the Pioneer Network, include all of the following except a. restoring control over daily living to residents. b. respecting the right of residents to make their own decisions. c. involving only certain levels of staff in the care process. d. including families and friends in a comprehensive team-building approach to care. 37. Which of the following is a deinstitutionalization model for long-term care in which individuals live in small homes and have access to clinical and personal care services typically provided in nursing homes? a. Eden Alternative b. Green House Project c. Cohousing Model d. Naturally occurring retirement community38. According to LeadingAge, typical contracts for life plan communities, or continuing care retirement communities, include all of the following options except what? a. An extensive contract including entrance and monthly fees, all housing and care options, services, and amenities b. A modified contract including entrance and monthly fees to cover housing with assisted living/skilled nursing services at a discount for a limited period c. A fee-for-service contract, including entrance and monthly fees to cover housing with no free or discounted services d. A concierge contract including an entrance fee, but with monthly fees that can change, which cover housing with no free or discounted services 39. All of the following services are offered in assisted living facilities through the hospitality model except a. help with activities of daily living (e.g., eating, bathing, toileting, getting around) and other personal care services. b. financial support for rent and groceries. c. around-the-clock supervision or monitoring while maintaining privacy. d. organized social and wellness activities in a safe and controlled environment. 40. True or false: Housing plus services programs offer healthcare and social services and supports through on-site service coordinators or nurse coordinators at federally subsidized housing complexes for older adults. a. True b. False 41. Which of the following is a component of the federal housing initiative called Section 8? a. Project-based vouchers given to landlords who have reserved a portion of the existing, newly constructed, or rehabilitated housing to low-income renters b. Housing-choice vouchers given to individuals to use in renting a place that they select c. A and B d. None of the above 42. True or false: The growing field of palliative medicine differs from the concept of hospice in that practitioners of palliative medicine may receive reimbursement from Medicare whereas hospice facilities may not. a. True b. False 43. True or false: If a patient enrolled in hospice lives longer than the projected life expectancy of six months, he or she may receive two 90-day recertification periods, followed by an unlimited number of 60-day periods.a. True b. False 44. True or false: Medicare Conditions of Participation, or CoPs, are rules and regulations that must be adhered to for a hospice to receive certification from Medicare. a. True b. False 45. True or false: Though hospice care can be provided in the home, an inpatient respite facility, or general inpatient care, the most frequently encountered mode of care is the acute inpatient setting. a. True b. False 46. A document that expresses a person’s end-of-life wishes for medical treatment is a a. do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. b. healthcare surrogate. c. Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining treatment (POLST). d. physician-assisted death. 47. Total pain management in hospice recognizes that a person’s suffering is attributed to what? a. Physical pain b. Spiritual pain c. Social distress d. All of the above 48. The seven stages of grief include all of the following except: a. Shock b. Failing c. Acceptance d. Anger 49. True or false: Population health is defined as the health status and health outcomes within a group of people that allows health systems, agencies, and organizations to work together to effect change regionally. a. True b. False50. The pillar of population health management that has the greatest application to longterm services and supports is a. chronic care management b. quality and safety c. public health d. health policy 51. The objectives of the Healthy People 2030 program can be used to develop community health and wellness programs to address what types of issues with older adults and people with disabilities? a. housing insecurity b. food insecurity c. chronic health conditions d. health access and quality 52. What types of programs can help individuals manage chronic conditions, or prevent the onset of new ones? a. rehabilitation programs b. social services programs c. social isolation programs d. wellness programs 53. True or false: Knowledge of social determinants of health by administrators of longterm services and supports can help address the health behaviors and health outcomes of individuals when they are discharged back to their homes or living in the community. a. True b. False 54.All of the following are components of the chronic care model except a. the health system. b. decision support. c. self-management support. d. discharge management support. 55. True or false: Incidence of multiple chronic conditions is connected to frailty, a condition marked by a lack of resilience to physiological changes and an elevated risk of poor health outcomes. a. True b. False56. Which of the following is a cardiovascular condition linked to high hospital readmission rates? a. Dementia b. Diabetes c. ALS d. Congestive heart failure (CHF) 57. True or false: Nearly half of Americans with prediabetes are over age 65. a. True b. False 58. True or false: One out of every 10 adults over age 65 has Alzheimer’s disease, but incidence decreases with age. a. True b. False 59. Which of the following is a condition in which the body’s inability to produce insulin leads to elevated levels of glucose in the blood? a. Diabetes b. Dementia c. COPD d. CHF 60. True or false: Lung disorders such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) have become the fourth leading cause of death in the United States in recent years. a. True b. False 61. True or false: Among older adults, hearing loss is increasingly likely for people who have been diagnosed with speech problems. a. True b. False 62. More than 20 percent of adults aged 55 and older in the United States have mental health concerns, with nearly 5 percent having serious mental illness. a. True b. False 63. True or false: By 2040, elders that are people of color will grow by 125 percent in the United States.a. True b. False 64. True or false: Healthcare disparities in elders vary by race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status, and sexual orientation. a. True b. False 65. True or false: Inequities in screening, treatment, and mortality lead to health disparities among diverse elders. a. True b. False 66. True or false: The majority of elders in the United States are women. a. True b. False 67. True or false: The majority of LGBTQ elders are twice as likely to live alone, be single and three to four times less likely to have children. a. True b. False 68. Members of which people of color group have the poorest health of all Americans? a. African Americans b. Indigenous peoples such as American Indians and Alaska Natives c. Latinos d. Asian Americans 69. True or false: Aging in place is the practice, preferred by many older adults, of staying in their own homes and communities as they grow older. a. True b. False 70. Which of the following countries provides universal long-term care coverage for its citizens? a. Japan b. Sweden c. Germany d. United States 71. Which of the following is the fastest-growing age group within the older population? a. Aging society b. Population agingc. Hyper-aged society d. Oldest old 72. In Germany, national long-term care insurance provides which of the following to family caregivers? a. Credits to the public pension accounts of eligible family caregivers who leave work to give care b. Four weeks of vacation time during which the insurance covers expenses to respite care, as well as free caregiving training c. Credits intended to compensate for caregiving-related financial losses in retirement saving d. All the above 73. True or false: The United Nations (2013) has reported that, by 2047, the number of older persons in the world is expected to exceed the number of children for the first time in history. a. True b. False 74. In the United States, the Family Medical Leave Acts requires employers with 50 or more employees to allow up to ____ weeks of unpaid family leave for employees needing to serve as caregivers. a. 10 b. 4 c. 2 d. 12 75. True or false: The numbers of people with dementia are expected to more than triple in many world regions, including Asia, Central and South America, and sub-Saharan Africa, by 2050. a. True b. False 76. True or false: The speed of population aging in the United States is relatively slow compared to other similarly developed countries. a. True b. False 77. True or false: Whereas the Japanese long-term care insurance program covers only those over 65 years, the German long-term care insurance program offers coverage regardless of age.a. True b. False 78. __________ is the ability to be responsive to the cultural needs and preferences of diverse populations. a. Diversity b. Cultural competency c. Ageism d. Ableism 79. A common understanding and consistent definitions of culturally and linguistically appropriate services in health care are known as the a. CLAS standards b. Aging with Pride standards c. DRIVE standards d. AI/AN standards 80. Women that are at greater risk for hypertension and heart disease are a. Hispanic/Latino women b. AI/AN women c. Non-Hispanic white women d. African American women