Ethical and Legal Issues Comprehensive
Exam revision summary in question-
correct answer format. This covers all
mostly tested areas of the topic. #A+
#2025
· Advocacy: correct answers-is the act of speaking or pleading on another's behalf.
- goal of nursing advocacy is to ensure the welfare of the patient
· Paternalism - correct answers-Acting in a fatherly manner
Informed consent - correct answers-is a term used to describe the process by which competent
patients give voluntary consent for medical or or surgical treatments or biomedical research
after receiving disclosure about risks and benefits
- the practical application of the principle of respect for autonomy
Compliance - correct answers-Conforming to a request or demand
Veracity - correct answers-The ethical principle means telling the truth
Confidentiality - correct answers-demands that one must not disclose private, sensitive, or
secret information
,Nonmaleficence - correct answers-directs one to avoid causing harm, including deliberate harm,
risk of harm, and harm that occurs during the performance of beneficial acts
Beneficence - correct answers-doing good, preventing harm, and removing evil or harm
Justice - correct answers-ethical principle that relates to fair, equitable, and appropriate
treatment in light of what is due or owed to persons, recognizing that giving resources to some
people means that others will not receive them
Values of individual institutions and organized health care systems and that are explicitly
communicated through philosophy and policy statements are...? - correct answers-overt values
___________ ___________ is the reaction to a situation in which there are moral problems that
seem to have clear solutions, yet we are unable to follow our moral beliefs because of external
restraints. - correct answers-Moral distress
Negligence - correct answers-Derived from neglegentia which means "not to pick up"
- failure to do something that a reasonable person would
___________ is negligence performed by a person in a professional capacity such - correct
answers-Malpractice
Ex: Dr, nurse, lawyer
Four Components of Malpractice? - correct answers-1) The nurse had a duty to the patient.
2) There was a breach of that duty.
3) Injury, harm, or damage occurred to the patient.
4) The harm or damage was caused by the breach of duty.
, Distributive Justice - correct answers-- fair, equitable, and appropriate distribution of goods and
services
Moral development is also called what? - correct answers-human values development.
It is TRUE
Cultural competence? - correct answers-An understanding of how a patient's cultural
background shapes his beliefs, values, and expectations for therapy.
- includes cultural awareness, cultural sensitivity, cultural safety, and linguistic competency
How do your values influence your interactions with others? - correct answers-
Nurse Practice Act - correct answers-statute in each state and territory that regulates the
practice of nursing
Constitutional law - correct answers-law that involves the interpretation and application of the
U.S. Constitution and state constitutions
Common Law - correct answers-A legal system based on custom and court rulings
- rulings based on previous cases
- precedent
Administrative Law - correct answers-The body of law created by administrative agencies (in the
form of rules, regulations, orders, and decisions) in order to carry out their duties and
responsibilities.
Statutory Law - correct answers-written and enacted by federal, state, and local legislatures
Exam revision summary in question-
correct answer format. This covers all
mostly tested areas of the topic. #A+
#2025
· Advocacy: correct answers-is the act of speaking or pleading on another's behalf.
- goal of nursing advocacy is to ensure the welfare of the patient
· Paternalism - correct answers-Acting in a fatherly manner
Informed consent - correct answers-is a term used to describe the process by which competent
patients give voluntary consent for medical or or surgical treatments or biomedical research
after receiving disclosure about risks and benefits
- the practical application of the principle of respect for autonomy
Compliance - correct answers-Conforming to a request or demand
Veracity - correct answers-The ethical principle means telling the truth
Confidentiality - correct answers-demands that one must not disclose private, sensitive, or
secret information
,Nonmaleficence - correct answers-directs one to avoid causing harm, including deliberate harm,
risk of harm, and harm that occurs during the performance of beneficial acts
Beneficence - correct answers-doing good, preventing harm, and removing evil or harm
Justice - correct answers-ethical principle that relates to fair, equitable, and appropriate
treatment in light of what is due or owed to persons, recognizing that giving resources to some
people means that others will not receive them
Values of individual institutions and organized health care systems and that are explicitly
communicated through philosophy and policy statements are...? - correct answers-overt values
___________ ___________ is the reaction to a situation in which there are moral problems that
seem to have clear solutions, yet we are unable to follow our moral beliefs because of external
restraints. - correct answers-Moral distress
Negligence - correct answers-Derived from neglegentia which means "not to pick up"
- failure to do something that a reasonable person would
___________ is negligence performed by a person in a professional capacity such - correct
answers-Malpractice
Ex: Dr, nurse, lawyer
Four Components of Malpractice? - correct answers-1) The nurse had a duty to the patient.
2) There was a breach of that duty.
3) Injury, harm, or damage occurred to the patient.
4) The harm or damage was caused by the breach of duty.
, Distributive Justice - correct answers-- fair, equitable, and appropriate distribution of goods and
services
Moral development is also called what? - correct answers-human values development.
It is TRUE
Cultural competence? - correct answers-An understanding of how a patient's cultural
background shapes his beliefs, values, and expectations for therapy.
- includes cultural awareness, cultural sensitivity, cultural safety, and linguistic competency
How do your values influence your interactions with others? - correct answers-
Nurse Practice Act - correct answers-statute in each state and territory that regulates the
practice of nursing
Constitutional law - correct answers-law that involves the interpretation and application of the
U.S. Constitution and state constitutions
Common Law - correct answers-A legal system based on custom and court rulings
- rulings based on previous cases
- precedent
Administrative Law - correct answers-The body of law created by administrative agencies (in the
form of rules, regulations, orders, and decisions) in order to carry out their duties and
responsibilities.
Statutory Law - correct answers-written and enacted by federal, state, and local legislatures
