6/14/25, 6:55 PM Nasm CPT Final Exam Study
NASM CPT ACTUAL FINAL EXAM & STUDY GUIDE
\COMPLETE VERSION WITH UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS \ACTUAL EXAM ALREADY
GRADED A+
The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent
parts of the body
Proprioception
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about
the type of surface we are on.
specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue
Mechanoreceptors
and transmit signals to sensory nerves.
sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the
muscle fibers and are sensitive to change in muscle
Muscle Spindles length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends
information to CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
sensory receptors that are located at the point where
the skeletal muscle fibers insert into the tendon.
Golgi Tendon Organs
Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
Epimysium connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the
whole muscle
Perimysium connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
Endomysium between the individual muscle fibers
"slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-
Type 1 Muscle Fiber
term contractions (stabilization)
Type 2 Muscle Fiber fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
PRIME MOVER, main muscles
Agonist
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
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,6/14/25, 6:55 PM Nasm CPT Final Exam Study
ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
Synergist
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
stabilizes while prime mover
Stabilizer
and assist work. chest press
-> rotator cuff
Oppose Prime mover,
Antagonist
chest press -> posterior delt
Right Atrium gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE
BODY
Left Atrium gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
Right Ventricle thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
Left Ventricle thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to
Metabolism
maintain itself. Nutrients are acquired, transported
and used by the body.
bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic
Exercise Metabolism
changes and demands on body during exercise
Substrates where enzymes act
Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a
Carbohydrates
source of fuel and energy required for all daily
activities
a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs
Glucose
that is transported through the blood and is used or
stored as energy
Glycogen the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose
and used
Fat a secondary source of energy
come from fats, when calories are consumed but not
Trigylcerides
used they are converted and stored in fat cells
Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and
structures. A third energy source, usually not until
Protein starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day
strength athletes, 1.2-1.4 endurance athletes
1 g = 4 calories
Gluconeogenesis glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
Energy storage and transfer unit in the cells. When
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
2/24
, 6/14/25, 6:55 PM Nasm CPT Final Exam Study
chemical bonds that hold it together are broken,
energy is released
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) molecule produced by ATP
simpliest and fastest, occurs without oxygen
ATP-PC system (anaerobic), provides energy for high intensity, short-
duration
ex: power and strentgh
produces lots of energy for 30-50 sec. Typical bc it falls
Glycosis System
in the time frame of 8-12 reps
Oxidative System most complex
B- oxidation breakdowns triclgycerides into free fatyy acids to produce more
ATP
higher intensity workouts require greater contribution
Myth of Fat Burning Zone
from fat despite the increase in need of fuel source
from carbs
Biomechanics internal and external forces acting on the human body and the
effect produced
Superior above a reference point
inferior below a reference point
Proximal reference closest to the center of the body or reference
Distal refernence furthest away
Anterior Reference in front of the body
Posterior Reference in the back of the body
Medial Refernence to the midline of the body
Lateral Reference to the outside of the body
Contralateral refers to a position on the opposite side of the body
Ipsilateral positioned on the same side of the body
movements of flexion
Sagittal Plane
or extension ex: front
lunge, bicep curls,
squat
movements lateral
Frontal Plane
ex: side lunge, side lat raises
Transverse Plane divides body in upper and lower halves
Adduction movement TOWARD the midline of the body
Abduction movement AWAY from the midline of the body
Constant muscle
Isotonic
tension ex:
eccentric,
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NASM CPT ACTUAL FINAL EXAM & STUDY GUIDE
\COMPLETE VERSION WITH UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS \ACTUAL EXAM ALREADY
GRADED A+
The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent
parts of the body
Proprioception
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about
the type of surface we are on.
specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue
Mechanoreceptors
and transmit signals to sensory nerves.
sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the
muscle fibers and are sensitive to change in muscle
Muscle Spindles length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends
information to CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
sensory receptors that are located at the point where
the skeletal muscle fibers insert into the tendon.
Golgi Tendon Organs
Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
Epimysium connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the
whole muscle
Perimysium connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
Endomysium between the individual muscle fibers
"slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-
Type 1 Muscle Fiber
term contractions (stabilization)
Type 2 Muscle Fiber fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
PRIME MOVER, main muscles
Agonist
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
1/24
,6/14/25, 6:55 PM Nasm CPT Final Exam Study
ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
Synergist
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
stabilizes while prime mover
Stabilizer
and assist work. chest press
-> rotator cuff
Oppose Prime mover,
Antagonist
chest press -> posterior delt
Right Atrium gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE
BODY
Left Atrium gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
Right Ventricle thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
Left Ventricle thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to
Metabolism
maintain itself. Nutrients are acquired, transported
and used by the body.
bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic
Exercise Metabolism
changes and demands on body during exercise
Substrates where enzymes act
Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a
Carbohydrates
source of fuel and energy required for all daily
activities
a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs
Glucose
that is transported through the blood and is used or
stored as energy
Glycogen the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose
and used
Fat a secondary source of energy
come from fats, when calories are consumed but not
Trigylcerides
used they are converted and stored in fat cells
Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and
structures. A third energy source, usually not until
Protein starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day
strength athletes, 1.2-1.4 endurance athletes
1 g = 4 calories
Gluconeogenesis glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
Energy storage and transfer unit in the cells. When
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
2/24
, 6/14/25, 6:55 PM Nasm CPT Final Exam Study
chemical bonds that hold it together are broken,
energy is released
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) molecule produced by ATP
simpliest and fastest, occurs without oxygen
ATP-PC system (anaerobic), provides energy for high intensity, short-
duration
ex: power and strentgh
produces lots of energy for 30-50 sec. Typical bc it falls
Glycosis System
in the time frame of 8-12 reps
Oxidative System most complex
B- oxidation breakdowns triclgycerides into free fatyy acids to produce more
ATP
higher intensity workouts require greater contribution
Myth of Fat Burning Zone
from fat despite the increase in need of fuel source
from carbs
Biomechanics internal and external forces acting on the human body and the
effect produced
Superior above a reference point
inferior below a reference point
Proximal reference closest to the center of the body or reference
Distal refernence furthest away
Anterior Reference in front of the body
Posterior Reference in the back of the body
Medial Refernence to the midline of the body
Lateral Reference to the outside of the body
Contralateral refers to a position on the opposite side of the body
Ipsilateral positioned on the same side of the body
movements of flexion
Sagittal Plane
or extension ex: front
lunge, bicep curls,
squat
movements lateral
Frontal Plane
ex: side lunge, side lat raises
Transverse Plane divides body in upper and lower halves
Adduction movement TOWARD the midline of the body
Abduction movement AWAY from the midline of the body
Constant muscle
Isotonic
tension ex:
eccentric,
3/24
