TEST BANK FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 7TH EDITION BY
JACQUELYN L BANASIK CHAPTER 1 54 GRADED A| 2025
UPDATE
Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
Banasik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a
pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash,
dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have
been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
a. a sore throat.
b. streptococcal infection.
c. genetic susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is
the manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to
develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical
manifestation of the disease process.
2. A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes
meningitis. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: A
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible individuals, in this case by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the
early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes
rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective
functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise
program. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
,d. disease treatment.
ANS: B
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such as
prescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity. Primary
prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and
attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves
management of the disease once it has developed.
,4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
intake. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: B
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such
as by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention
of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary
prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and
restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it
has developed.
5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering
medication. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: C
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate
disability and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering
susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary prevention is the
early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves
management of the disease once it has developed.
6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of
this disease. This stage of illness is called the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
appearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the
incubation (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms
indicating the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise,
anorexia, and nausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases. Sequela refers
to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the stage of
recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
, ANS: v B
A vdisease vthat vis vnative vto va vparticular vregion vis vcalled vendemic. vAn vepidemic vis va vdisease vthat
vspreads vto vmany vindividuals vat vthe vsame vtime. vPandemics vare vepidemics vthat vaffect vlarge
vgeographic vregions, vperhaps vspreading vworldwide. vEthnographic vdoes vnot vdescribe va vdisease
vdistribution vpattern.
8. In vgeneral, vwith vaging, vorgan vsize vand vfunction
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain vthe vsame.
d. are vunknown.
ANS: v B
In vgeneral, vwith vaging, vorgan vsize vand vfunction vdecrease.
9. The vstage vduring vwhich vthe vpatient vfunctions vnormally, valthough vthe vdisease vprocesses vare
well vestablished, vis vreferred vto vas
v
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS: v B
The vstage vduring vwhich vthe vpatient vfunctions vnormally, valthough vthe vdisease vprocesses vare
vwell vestablished, vis vcalled vthe vsubclinical vstage. vThe vinterval vbetween vexposure vof va vtissue
vto van vinjurious vagent vand vthe vfirst vappearance vof vsigns vand vsymptoms vmay vbe vcalled va vlatent
vperiod vor, vin vthe vcase vof vinfectious vdiseases, van vincubation vperiod. vThe vprodromal vperiod, vor
vprodrome, vrefers vto vthe vappearance vof vthe vfirst vsigns vand vsymptoms vindicating vthe vonset vof
va vdisease. vConvalescence vis vthe vstage vof vrecovery vafter va vdisease, vinjury, vor vsurgical
voperation.
MULTIPLE vRESPONSE
1. Your vpatient’s vred vblood vcell vcount vis vslightly velevated vtoday. vThis vmight vbe vexplained
by v(Select vall vthat vapply.)
v
a. gender vdifference.
b. situational vfactors.
c. normal vvariation.
d. cultural vvariation.
e. illness.
ANS: v A, vB, vC, vE
Gender, vsituations v(e.g., valtitude), vnormal vvariations, vand villness vmay vall vdetermine vred vblood
vcell vcount. vCulture vaffects vhow vmanifestations vare vperceived v(normal vversus vabnormal).
2. Socioeconomic vfactors vinfluence vdisease vdevelopment vbecause vof v(Select vall vthat vapply.)
a. genetics.
b. environmental vtoxins.
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
JACQUELYN L BANASIK CHAPTER 1 54 GRADED A| 2025
UPDATE
Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
Banasik: Pathophysiology, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a
pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash,
dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat,
malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have
been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is
a. a sore throat.
b. streptococcal infection.
c. genetic susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS: B
Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is
the manifestation of the disease process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to
develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and is also a clinical
manifestation of the disease process.
2. A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes
meningitis. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: A
Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible individuals, in this case by providing vaccination. Secondary prevention is the
early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes
rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective
functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.
3. An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise
program. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
,d. disease treatment.
ANS: B
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such as
prescribing diet and exercise for an individual who has already developed obesity. Primary
prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for
susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and
attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves
management of the disease once it has developed.
,4. A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium
intake. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: B
Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such
as by prescribing sodium restriction for high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention
of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary
prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and
restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it
has developed.
5. After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering
medication. This is an example of
a. primary prevention.
b. secondary prevention.
c. tertiary prevention.
d. disease treatment.
ANS: C
Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate
disability and restore effective functioning such as prescribing a cholesterol-lowering
medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering
susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary prevention is the
early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Disease treatment involves
management of the disease once it has developed.
6. A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of
this disease. This stage of illness is called the stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS: B
Incubation refers to the interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first
appearance of signs and symptoms. In infectious diseases, this period is often called the
incubation (latent) period. Prodromal refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms
indicating the onset of a disease. These are often nonspecific, such as headache, malaise,
anorexia, and nausea, which are associated with a number of different diseases. Sequela refers
to subsequent pathologic condition resulting from a disease. Convalescence is the stage of
recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical operation.
7. A disease that is native to a particular region is called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
, ANS: v B
A vdisease vthat vis vnative vto va vparticular vregion vis vcalled vendemic. vAn vepidemic vis va vdisease vthat
vspreads vto vmany vindividuals vat vthe vsame vtime. vPandemics vare vepidemics vthat vaffect vlarge
vgeographic vregions, vperhaps vspreading vworldwide. vEthnographic vdoes vnot vdescribe va vdisease
vdistribution vpattern.
8. In vgeneral, vwith vaging, vorgan vsize vand vfunction
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain vthe vsame.
d. are vunknown.
ANS: v B
In vgeneral, vwith vaging, vorgan vsize vand vfunction vdecrease.
9. The vstage vduring vwhich vthe vpatient vfunctions vnormally, valthough vthe vdisease vprocesses vare
well vestablished, vis vreferred vto vas
v
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS: v B
The vstage vduring vwhich vthe vpatient vfunctions vnormally, valthough vthe vdisease vprocesses vare
vwell vestablished, vis vcalled vthe vsubclinical vstage. vThe vinterval vbetween vexposure vof va vtissue
vto van vinjurious vagent vand vthe vfirst vappearance vof vsigns vand vsymptoms vmay vbe vcalled va vlatent
vperiod vor, vin vthe vcase vof vinfectious vdiseases, van vincubation vperiod. vThe vprodromal vperiod, vor
vprodrome, vrefers vto vthe vappearance vof vthe vfirst vsigns vand vsymptoms vindicating vthe vonset vof
va vdisease. vConvalescence vis vthe vstage vof vrecovery vafter va vdisease, vinjury, vor vsurgical
voperation.
MULTIPLE vRESPONSE
1. Your vpatient’s vred vblood vcell vcount vis vslightly velevated vtoday. vThis vmight vbe vexplained
by v(Select vall vthat vapply.)
v
a. gender vdifference.
b. situational vfactors.
c. normal vvariation.
d. cultural vvariation.
e. illness.
ANS: v A, vB, vC, vE
Gender, vsituations v(e.g., valtitude), vnormal vvariations, vand villness vmay vall vdetermine vred vblood
vcell vcount. vCulture vaffects vhow vmanifestations vare vperceived v(normal vversus vabnormal).
2. Socioeconomic vfactors vinfluence vdisease vdevelopment vbecause vof v(Select vall vthat vapply.)
a. genetics.
b. environmental vtoxins.
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
