ATPL (A)
Review Worksheets
062 RADIO NAVIGATION
BY KDMN
2020
,I/ SIGNALS
01 GENERALITIES
• Radio waves travel at the speed of light = 300 000 000 m/s
• Cycle = complete series of values of the periodical process.
FREQUENCY BAND FREQUENCIES USES
Very Low VL 3 KHz – 30 KHz Very long range nav
Low L 30 KHz – 300 KHz NDB/ADF
Loop antenna
Medium M 300 KHz – 3 MHz NDB/ADF
High H 3 MHz – 30 MHz HF radiotelephony, Volmet
Very High VH 30 MHz – 300 MHz VDF, VOR, ILS LOC, Marker beacon
Ultra-High UH 300 MHz – 3 GHz DME,ILS GS, SSR, GNS
Super High SH 3GHz – 30 GHz Surveillance radar, WX radar, radio altimeter,
airport sfc movement radar
Extremely High EM 30 GHz – 300 GHz Airport SFC MVT radar
02 MODULATION
• It is a periodic variation of the sinusoidal carrier signal by the modulating signal to be transmitted.
• RADIO REGULATION:
Nature of the signal modulating the main carrier
A1A
Type of modulation of the main carrier (A, F, P…) Nature of information transmitted (aural…)
a) AMPLITUDE MODULATION AM: the information is impressed onto the carrier wave by altering
the amplitude of the carrier. It is used in ADF, ILS.
, b) FREQUENCY MODULATION FM: : the information is impressed onto the carrier wave by altering
the frequency of the carrier. It is used in the radio-altimeter.
c) PHASE MODULATION PM: a modulation form used by GPS where the phase P of the carrier is
reversed.
d) PULSE MODULATION: a modulation form used in radar by transmitting short pulses followed by
larger impulsions.
Review Worksheets
062 RADIO NAVIGATION
BY KDMN
2020
,I/ SIGNALS
01 GENERALITIES
• Radio waves travel at the speed of light = 300 000 000 m/s
• Cycle = complete series of values of the periodical process.
FREQUENCY BAND FREQUENCIES USES
Very Low VL 3 KHz – 30 KHz Very long range nav
Low L 30 KHz – 300 KHz NDB/ADF
Loop antenna
Medium M 300 KHz – 3 MHz NDB/ADF
High H 3 MHz – 30 MHz HF radiotelephony, Volmet
Very High VH 30 MHz – 300 MHz VDF, VOR, ILS LOC, Marker beacon
Ultra-High UH 300 MHz – 3 GHz DME,ILS GS, SSR, GNS
Super High SH 3GHz – 30 GHz Surveillance radar, WX radar, radio altimeter,
airport sfc movement radar
Extremely High EM 30 GHz – 300 GHz Airport SFC MVT radar
02 MODULATION
• It is a periodic variation of the sinusoidal carrier signal by the modulating signal to be transmitted.
• RADIO REGULATION:
Nature of the signal modulating the main carrier
A1A
Type of modulation of the main carrier (A, F, P…) Nature of information transmitted (aural…)
a) AMPLITUDE MODULATION AM: the information is impressed onto the carrier wave by altering
the amplitude of the carrier. It is used in ADF, ILS.
, b) FREQUENCY MODULATION FM: : the information is impressed onto the carrier wave by altering
the frequency of the carrier. It is used in the radio-altimeter.
c) PHASE MODULATION PM: a modulation form used by GPS where the phase P of the carrier is
reversed.
d) PULSE MODULATION: a modulation form used in radar by transmitting short pulses followed by
larger impulsions.
