WOKE: ACTIVE & PASSIVE
'Voice'is also a terms for' diathesis' and it relates to
the argument structure of predicates, i.e. the relationship
between thematic roles like Agent, Patient, etc,
Instrument and grammatical functions like subject and
object, as well as to the alternations found between
different argument structures. There are three different
types of voice:
active, passive, middle voice/medio passive
> Scott washed his shirt. → active voice
> The Shirt was washed by Scott. → passive voice
> This shirt washes well. → middle voice
ACTIVE VOICE:
◦ the active voice is the basic voice in English
and German.
◦ it is more frequent and uses less morphological
material than
the Passive voice, which is expressed by an auxiliary
, verb and a participle form of the verb.
◦ a Shift from an active to a passive structure
involves
three changes:
III. the subject of the active structure is demoted to the
status of an adjunct (oblique argument), introduced by
von in German and with by in English.
↳ these prepositional phrases are omissible (ii) an
object and sometimes also an adverbial noun
phrase
is promoted to subject- Status; the effect of is a
valency reduction by one argument.
> monotransive verb: wash 5th.
> intransive verb: be washed
> ditransive verb: give somebody 5th.
> monotransive verb: be given 5th.
→ in German. intransive predications man also be
passivized.becoming subjectless.
(iii) an auxiliary verb is introduced. Be or get in
'Voice'is also a terms for' diathesis' and it relates to
the argument structure of predicates, i.e. the relationship
between thematic roles like Agent, Patient, etc,
Instrument and grammatical functions like subject and
object, as well as to the alternations found between
different argument structures. There are three different
types of voice:
active, passive, middle voice/medio passive
> Scott washed his shirt. → active voice
> The Shirt was washed by Scott. → passive voice
> This shirt washes well. → middle voice
ACTIVE VOICE:
◦ the active voice is the basic voice in English
and German.
◦ it is more frequent and uses less morphological
material than
the Passive voice, which is expressed by an auxiliary
, verb and a participle form of the verb.
◦ a Shift from an active to a passive structure
involves
three changes:
III. the subject of the active structure is demoted to the
status of an adjunct (oblique argument), introduced by
von in German and with by in English.
↳ these prepositional phrases are omissible (ii) an
object and sometimes also an adverbial noun
phrase
is promoted to subject- Status; the effect of is a
valency reduction by one argument.
> monotransive verb: wash 5th.
> intransive verb: be washed
> ditransive verb: give somebody 5th.
> monotransive verb: be given 5th.
→ in German. intransive predications man also be
passivized.becoming subjectless.
(iii) an auxiliary verb is introduced. Be or get in
