test bank introduction to theories of learning 10e_matthew olson

Test Bank for An Introduction to Theories of Learn
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ing, 10e Matthew Olson (All Chapters)
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CHAPTERm1m(*m-mCorrectmAnswer)

1. Mostmpsychologistsmrejectmdictionarymdefinitionsmofmlearningmbecause:
a. themdefinitionsmaremtoomobjective
b. themdefinitionsmtendmtombembehavioristic
c. *mthemdefinitionsmaremnebulous
d. learningmismnotmdefinable

2. ThemSkinneriansmopposemequatingmthemtermsm"reward"mandm"reinforcement"mbecause:
a. *mreinforcersmstrengthenmbehaviormwhereasmrewardsmdomnot
b. organismsmmustminvestmconsiderablemtimemandmenergymtomobtainmreinforcersmbutmn
otmtomobtainmrewards
c. onlymreinforcersmaremgivenmormreceivedminmrecognitionmofmworthymbehavior
d. rewardsmstrengthenmbehaviormwhereasmreinforcersmdomnot

3. Tomattributemambehavioralmchangemtomlearning,mthemchangemmustmbemallmofmthemfollowi
ngmexcept:
a. relativelympermanent
b. themresultmofmexperience
c. observedminmperformance
d. *mthemresultmofmmaturation

4. Wemcanmmakeminferencesmconcerningmthemlearningmprocessmbymstudying:
a. *mchangesminmbehavior
b. themmind
c. acquiredmknowledge
d. motivationalmstates

5. Accordingmtommostmlearningmtheoristsmthemlearningmprocess:
a. cannotmbemstudiedmobjectively
b. cannotmbemstudiedmatmall
c. *mcanmbemstudiedmonlymindirectlymthroughmchangesminmbehavior
d. canmbemstudiedmdirectly

6. Formmostmlearningmtheorists,mlearningmismthoughtmofmasma(n):
a. independentmvariable
b. dependentmvariable
c. *minterveningmvariable
d. extraneousmvariable

7. Shortmtermmmemorymrefersmto:
a. learningmthatmoccursmverymrapidly

, b. informationmthatmismlearnedminmamshortmtimembutmismlostmovermamlongmperiodmofmtime
c. rememberingmhowmtomdomsomethingmyoumhavemnotmdonemformawhile
d. *mrememberingmanmexperiencemformonlymamshortmtimemaftermterminationmofmt
hemexperience

8. Sensitizationmis:
a. themdevelopmentmofmanmawarenessmofmthemneedsmofmothermpeople
b. *mthemtendencymtombemmoremresponsivemtomthemenvironmentmfollowingmanmarousi
ngmexperience
c. themgradualmformationmofmamstrongmhabit
d. them tendencymtombemlessmresponsivemtomamstimulusmaftermprolongedmexposuremtomth
atmstimulus

9. Aftermenteringmamroommandmbeingmdistractedmbymthemsmellmofmamstrongmperfume,mampers
onmeventuallymnomlongermnoticesmit.m Thismismanmexamplemof:
a. *mhabituation
b. sensitization
c. selectivemperception
d. avoidancemconditioning

10. Themfollowingmdiagrammexemplifiesmwhichmofmthemfollowing?
A. Stimulus1 ---------------- >mNomResponse
B. Anmarousingmexperience
C. Stimulus1 --------------- >mResponse
a. habituation
b. *msensitization
c. selectivemperception
d. conditioning

11. Performance:
a. ismthemsamemasmlearning
b. *mismthemtranslationmofmlearningmintombehavior
c. ismindependentmofmlearning
d. canmbemeithermmentalmormbehavioral

12. Anmunlearnedmresponsemtomamspecificmstimulusmexemplifiesma(n):
a. conditionedmreflex
b. sensitization
c. *mreflex
d. instinct

13. Whichmofmthemfollowingmtermsmismcurrentlymbeingmusedminsteadmofmthemtermminstinct?
a. *mspecies-specificmbehavior
b. self-motivatedmbehavior
c. imprinting
d. unlearnedmbehavior

,14. Themrapidmformationmofmanmattachmentmbetweenmanmorganismmandmanmenvironmentalmobje
ctmthatmoccursmduringmamcriticalmperiodmismcalled:
a. conditioning
b. *mimprinting
c. learning
d. modeling

15. Cuckoombirdsmlaymtheirmeggsminmthemnestmofmothermbirds.mThismismanmexamplemof:
a. learning
b. performance
c. *mspecies-specificmbehavior
d. imprinting

16. Anmexperimentalmarrangementmwherebymanmorganismmcanmavoidmexperiencingmanmaversi
vemstimulusmbymengagingminmappropriatembehaviormismcalled:
a. classicalmconditioning
b. escapemconditioning
c. *mavoidancemconditioning
d. signmlearning

17. Inmgeneral,mitmismthroughm thatmwemlearnmhowmtomacquiremdesirablemobjects:
a. escapemconditioning
b. *minstrumentalmconditioning
c. classicalmconditioning
d. moremthanmonemofmthemabove

18. Themtrendmamongmlearningmtheoristsmhasmbeenmtomacceptmamdefinitionmofmlearningmthat:
a. *mrefersmtomchangesminmobservablembehaviormorminmbehaviormpotentiality
b. containsmsubjectivemterms
c. refersmtomphysiologicalmchanges
d. ismsimilarmtomthosemfoundminmdictionaries

19. Learningmhasmbeenmdemonstratedmwhenmambehaviormchangemis:
a. transitory
b. fixed
c. *mrelativelympermanent
d. translatedmintomthinking

20. Youmhavemanmabilitymtomperformmanmactm(suchmasmskiing)malthoughmthemactmismnotmbei
ngmperformedmatmthempresentmtime.m Thismlatentmabilitymismdefinedmas:
a. *mbehaviormpotential
b. instinct
c. covertmbehavior
d. unlearnedmbehavior

, 21. AccordingmtomSkinner,msuchmthingsmasmmedals,macademicmdegrees,mandmtrophiesmexemplify:
a. reinforcers
b. *mrewards
c. bothmrewardsmandmreinforcers
d. nonemofmthemabove

22. Whilemstudyingmbehavior,mwemmakeminferencesmconcerningmthemprocessmbelievedmtombemt
hemcausemofmthembehavioralmchangesmwemaremobserving.m Thatminferredmprocessmis:
a. thinking
b. *mlearning
c. performance
d. anmindependentmvariable

23. Habituationmis:
a. themgradualmformationmofmamstrongmhabit
b. *mthemdecreasedmtendencymtomrespondmtomamstimulusmthatmresultsmfrommprolong
edmexposuremtomthatmstimulus
c. themtendencymtombemmoremresponsivemtomthemenvironmentmfollowingmanmarousi
ngmexperience
d. anmunlearnedmresponsemtomamspecificmstimulus

24. Aftermexperiencingmanmautomobilemaccident,mampersonmismmoremresponsivemtomautomobi
lemhornsmthanmbeforemthemaccident.m Thismismanmexamplemof:
a. habituation
b. *msensitization
c. selectivemperception
d. avoidancemconditioning

25. Themfollowingmdiagrammexemplifiesmwhichmofmthemfollowing?
A. Stimulus1 ------------- >Response
B. Prolongedmexperiencemwithmstimulus1
C. Stimulus1 ------------- >Nomresponse
a. *mhabituation
b. sensitization
c. selectivemperception
d. conditioning

26. Sneezingminmresponsemtomamticklingminmone'smnosemismanmexamplemof:
a. complexmbehavior
b. *mreflexivembehavior
c. classicalmconditioning
d. learning