Nusc 1165 Exam 2 (Chea) - Questions With Clear
Answers
What happens to nutrients after digestion and absorption? Right Ans -
blood vessel collect nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs and delivers
them to the liver
Lymphatic system: three principle functions Right Ans - 1. collect and
return interstitial fluid, including plasma protein to the blood
2. to defened the body against disease by producing lymphotcytes and
cleansing body fluids
3. to absorb lipids from the intestine and transport them to the blood
Final destination of nutrients: the cell Right Ans - blood carries nutrients to
the cells, nutrients cross cell membranes -->
Inside the cell, nutrietnts are used for energy or to build substances for the
body
Mitochondria Right Ans - produces ATP
Ribosomes Right Ans - makes protein
Metabolic reactions Right Ans - series of chemical reactions inside an
organism; may require coenzymes; results in the transformation of one
molecule to another
Anabolism Right Ans - smaller molecules combine to form complex
structures
Catabolism Right Ans - breaking down substances for energy
Cellular respiration: how ATP is produced Right Ans - carbs --> glucose
proteins --> amino acids
lipids --> fatty acids
Acetyl coA is then metabolized in the citric acid cycle and electron transport
,Overall end product: CO2, water, ATP
What are the overall end products of cellular respiration? Right Ans - CO2,
water, ATP
What is the storage form of carbs in muscles? Right Ans - glycogen
What is the storage form of fat? Right Ans - triglycerides
How are substances that are unable to be absorbed by the body excreted?
Right Ans - things such as fiber, is excreted via GI tract in feces
What are the organs that have a role in eliminating metabolic waste? Right
Ans - lungs, kidneys, skin
Products eliminated from lungs and skin Right Ans - CO2 and water
Products eliminated from urinary system Right Ans - water, "waste
products"
Kidneys Right Ans - part of the urinary system and is the primary site
where excess water, metabolic waste products and minerals are excreted
Nephrons Right Ans - functional unit; filters blood and maintains fluid
balance
Glomerulus Right Ans - ball of capillaries located within the nephron;
filters blood during urine formation
Reabsorption of filtered substances back in the blood can also occur if they are
needed
Refined carbs Right Ans - food that went through processing
Unrefined carbs Right Ans - natural state, not processed
Empty calories Right Ans - calories derived from food containing no
nutrients
, simple carbs Right Ans - monosaccharides and disaccharides
complex carbs Right Ans - oligosaccharides, glycogen, starch and fiber
glucose (blood sugar) Right Ans - main provider of energy for body;
produced by plants during photosynthesis
fodos: component of disaccharide or starch
galactose Right Ans - component of lactose
fructose Right Ans - fruit sugar; fruits, veggies, honey
high fructose corn syrup
photosynthesis Right Ans - process of converting CO2 and water to glucose
using energy directly from the sun
maltose Right Ans - glucose and glucose
formed from starch breakdown in intestines
sucrose Right Ans - glucose and fructose
sources include sugar cane, honey, maple syrup
lactose Right Ans - glucose and maltose
occur naturally in animal foods
hydrolysis Right Ans - addition of water to break down disaccharides
condensation Right Ans - removal of water for disaccharide formation
oligosaccharides Right Ans - 3-10 monosaccharides
-some are formed during polysaccharide breakdown in the gut
-not digested by enzymes in the digestive tract
-nutrient sources for bacteria in gut
Answers
What happens to nutrients after digestion and absorption? Right Ans -
blood vessel collect nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs and delivers
them to the liver
Lymphatic system: three principle functions Right Ans - 1. collect and
return interstitial fluid, including plasma protein to the blood
2. to defened the body against disease by producing lymphotcytes and
cleansing body fluids
3. to absorb lipids from the intestine and transport them to the blood
Final destination of nutrients: the cell Right Ans - blood carries nutrients to
the cells, nutrients cross cell membranes -->
Inside the cell, nutrietnts are used for energy or to build substances for the
body
Mitochondria Right Ans - produces ATP
Ribosomes Right Ans - makes protein
Metabolic reactions Right Ans - series of chemical reactions inside an
organism; may require coenzymes; results in the transformation of one
molecule to another
Anabolism Right Ans - smaller molecules combine to form complex
structures
Catabolism Right Ans - breaking down substances for energy
Cellular respiration: how ATP is produced Right Ans - carbs --> glucose
proteins --> amino acids
lipids --> fatty acids
Acetyl coA is then metabolized in the citric acid cycle and electron transport
,Overall end product: CO2, water, ATP
What are the overall end products of cellular respiration? Right Ans - CO2,
water, ATP
What is the storage form of carbs in muscles? Right Ans - glycogen
What is the storage form of fat? Right Ans - triglycerides
How are substances that are unable to be absorbed by the body excreted?
Right Ans - things such as fiber, is excreted via GI tract in feces
What are the organs that have a role in eliminating metabolic waste? Right
Ans - lungs, kidneys, skin
Products eliminated from lungs and skin Right Ans - CO2 and water
Products eliminated from urinary system Right Ans - water, "waste
products"
Kidneys Right Ans - part of the urinary system and is the primary site
where excess water, metabolic waste products and minerals are excreted
Nephrons Right Ans - functional unit; filters blood and maintains fluid
balance
Glomerulus Right Ans - ball of capillaries located within the nephron;
filters blood during urine formation
Reabsorption of filtered substances back in the blood can also occur if they are
needed
Refined carbs Right Ans - food that went through processing
Unrefined carbs Right Ans - natural state, not processed
Empty calories Right Ans - calories derived from food containing no
nutrients
, simple carbs Right Ans - monosaccharides and disaccharides
complex carbs Right Ans - oligosaccharides, glycogen, starch and fiber
glucose (blood sugar) Right Ans - main provider of energy for body;
produced by plants during photosynthesis
fodos: component of disaccharide or starch
galactose Right Ans - component of lactose
fructose Right Ans - fruit sugar; fruits, veggies, honey
high fructose corn syrup
photosynthesis Right Ans - process of converting CO2 and water to glucose
using energy directly from the sun
maltose Right Ans - glucose and glucose
formed from starch breakdown in intestines
sucrose Right Ans - glucose and fructose
sources include sugar cane, honey, maple syrup
lactose Right Ans - glucose and maltose
occur naturally in animal foods
hydrolysis Right Ans - addition of water to break down disaccharides
condensation Right Ans - removal of water for disaccharide formation
oligosaccharides Right Ans - 3-10 monosaccharides
-some are formed during polysaccharide breakdown in the gut
-not digested by enzymes in the digestive tract
-nutrient sources for bacteria in gut
