N434 Antepartum exam fully
solved & updated
Antepartum
before birth
Changes during pregnancy: reproductive
uterus
- increases size
- shape and position
ovulation and menses stop
breast
- increase in size
- darken areola
When does collostrum milk begin to form?
16wk
What happens to the pH of a women's vagina during pregnancy? Menses?
more acidic
- decrease UTI risk
highest risk of UTI: first few weeks of pregnancy
no menses or ovulation during pregnancy
Changes during pregnancy: Cardiovascular system
increase CO
increase blood volume
increase HR
Is the BP affected during pregnancy?
generally no
What happens to fibrinogen during pregnancy?
increase
- higher risk of clots
What happens to WBC during pregnancy?
increases
,Changes during pregnancy: Respiratory system
increase maternal O2 needs
- RR: same
- mild hyperventilation, SOB (decrease space)
Changes during pregnancy: Musculoskeletal
increase wt
- more pressure on joints
- back pain, etc.
Is respiratory rate affected during pregnancy? Why would a woman be
short of breath while pregnant?
RR: unaffected
SOB: decrease diaphragm space
Changes during pregnancy: GI
N/V
- first trimester
Constipation
- hormones, pressure
Changes during pregnancy: Renal
increase GFR --> increase UO
Changes during pregnancy: Endocrine
hCG, progesterone, estrogen, LH, FSH, thyroid, insulin
What time frame is the first trimester?
1-13 wk
How often are prenatal visits in the first trimester?
every month
What occurs with the initial prenatal assessment?
EDD
Assessment
- BMI, VS
Pelvic exam/PAP
med rec
Safety
labs
What labs do we want for the initial prenatal visit?
, CBC
blood type
rubella viral antigen screen
hepatitis panel
syphillis
gonorrhea
chlamydia
urine
What meds should a pregnant women be taking? Which meds should she
avoid?
Take:
- prenatal vitamin
Avoid:
- antidepressants
Why should we ask about bleeding or pelvic pain with first trimester
prenatal appointments?
possible miscarriage
What vital signs are essential to monitor the first trimester?
BP/P
Why is it important to assess safety in the first trimester?
living situation
money
support
- assess what help she needs
What time frame counts are the second trimester?
14-26 wk
What do we need to assess with 2nd trimester prenatal appointments?
BP!
Fundal height
fetal movement
baby position
When do we assess fundal height? What is the normal location for fundal
height?
16 wk
normal:
- cm= gestational age
solved & updated
Antepartum
before birth
Changes during pregnancy: reproductive
uterus
- increases size
- shape and position
ovulation and menses stop
breast
- increase in size
- darken areola
When does collostrum milk begin to form?
16wk
What happens to the pH of a women's vagina during pregnancy? Menses?
more acidic
- decrease UTI risk
highest risk of UTI: first few weeks of pregnancy
no menses or ovulation during pregnancy
Changes during pregnancy: Cardiovascular system
increase CO
increase blood volume
increase HR
Is the BP affected during pregnancy?
generally no
What happens to fibrinogen during pregnancy?
increase
- higher risk of clots
What happens to WBC during pregnancy?
increases
,Changes during pregnancy: Respiratory system
increase maternal O2 needs
- RR: same
- mild hyperventilation, SOB (decrease space)
Changes during pregnancy: Musculoskeletal
increase wt
- more pressure on joints
- back pain, etc.
Is respiratory rate affected during pregnancy? Why would a woman be
short of breath while pregnant?
RR: unaffected
SOB: decrease diaphragm space
Changes during pregnancy: GI
N/V
- first trimester
Constipation
- hormones, pressure
Changes during pregnancy: Renal
increase GFR --> increase UO
Changes during pregnancy: Endocrine
hCG, progesterone, estrogen, LH, FSH, thyroid, insulin
What time frame is the first trimester?
1-13 wk
How often are prenatal visits in the first trimester?
every month
What occurs with the initial prenatal assessment?
EDD
Assessment
- BMI, VS
Pelvic exam/PAP
med rec
Safety
labs
What labs do we want for the initial prenatal visit?
, CBC
blood type
rubella viral antigen screen
hepatitis panel
syphillis
gonorrhea
chlamydia
urine
What meds should a pregnant women be taking? Which meds should she
avoid?
Take:
- prenatal vitamin
Avoid:
- antidepressants
Why should we ask about bleeding or pelvic pain with first trimester
prenatal appointments?
possible miscarriage
What vital signs are essential to monitor the first trimester?
BP/P
Why is it important to assess safety in the first trimester?
living situation
money
support
- assess what help she needs
What time frame counts are the second trimester?
14-26 wk
What do we need to assess with 2nd trimester prenatal appointments?
BP!
Fundal height
fetal movement
baby position
When do we assess fundal height? What is the normal location for fundal
height?
16 wk
normal:
- cm= gestational age
