CMSRN Final Exam Prep With Complete
Solution A+ Graded
Crohn's Disease (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: IBD in
small intestine, varies severity.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, bloody stool, low appetite, weight loss.
Diagnosis: CBC, fecal blood test, colonoscopy (to check damage, find
granulomas-inflamed cells that trigger symptoms)
Treatment: anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, oral 5-aminosalicylates. No cure.
Ulcerative Colitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes:
Inflammation, ulcers, sores in GI tract, large intestine, rectum.
Symptoms: Diarrhea, with blood or pus, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, urgency to
defacate
Diagnosis: proctosigmoiditis causes inflamed rectum and sigmoid colon with bloody
diarrhea, left-sided colitis from sigmoid and descending colon, and pancolitis in entire
colon. Colonoscopy to confirm.
Treatment: antibiotics, corticosteroids reduce recurring flare-ups. No cure.
Cholecystitis (Cause/Risks/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes:
inflammation of gallbladder from cystic duct blockage by gallstones.
Risks: elderly, women, overweight, weight loss.
Symptoms: RUQ pain, N/V, jaundice, fever, tender gallbladder, gangrene if untreated.
Diagnosis: LFT, RUQ ultrasound (best for women to rule out pregnancy).
Treatment: antibiotics, cholecystectomy, treat asap.
Gastritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: inflammation
stomach lining, corticosteroid or NSAID use, excessive alcohol use.
, Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea/vomitting.
Diagnosis: symptomatic.
Treatment: antibiotics, antacids, antidiarrheals if needed.
GI Bleeding (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Mallory-Weiss
tear, cancer, NSAID use, history of GERD.
Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort, red bloody stools, asymptomatic.
Diagnosis: CBC, endoscope to confirm.
Treatment: Cause-based. Fluid replacement. Locating source.
Cirrhosis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Scar tissue
replaces healthy liver tissue. Lipids stored in body cells instead.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, drowsiness, weight loss. History of Hep C.
Diagnosis:
Treatment: Antivirals (with Hep C), diuretics, beta-blockers (if cardiac affect), Zinc
supplement, liver transplant.
Foreign Bodies (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Accidents.
2cm or bigger can cause blockage. Children, patients with dentures, and psych patients
at risk.
Symptoms: Depends on location.
Diagnosis: Ultrasound, or X-ray, faster if d/t sharp object.
Treatment: Pro-motility medications if safe to pass, laparoscopic surgery if
large/sharp/dangerous.
GI Obstruction (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Body
tissues causing blockage.
Symptoms: Pain, constipation, N/V/D.
Diagnosis: Endoscopy, X-ray.
Treatment: Antibiotics, colectomy, bowel rest, surgery if hemorrhage.
Solution A+ Graded
Crohn's Disease (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: IBD in
small intestine, varies severity.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, bloody stool, low appetite, weight loss.
Diagnosis: CBC, fecal blood test, colonoscopy (to check damage, find
granulomas-inflamed cells that trigger symptoms)
Treatment: anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids, oral 5-aminosalicylates. No cure.
Ulcerative Colitis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes:
Inflammation, ulcers, sores in GI tract, large intestine, rectum.
Symptoms: Diarrhea, with blood or pus, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, urgency to
defacate
Diagnosis: proctosigmoiditis causes inflamed rectum and sigmoid colon with bloody
diarrhea, left-sided colitis from sigmoid and descending colon, and pancolitis in entire
colon. Colonoscopy to confirm.
Treatment: antibiotics, corticosteroids reduce recurring flare-ups. No cure.
Cholecystitis (Cause/Risks/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes:
inflammation of gallbladder from cystic duct blockage by gallstones.
Risks: elderly, women, overweight, weight loss.
Symptoms: RUQ pain, N/V, jaundice, fever, tender gallbladder, gangrene if untreated.
Diagnosis: LFT, RUQ ultrasound (best for women to rule out pregnancy).
Treatment: antibiotics, cholecystectomy, treat asap.
Gastritis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: inflammation
stomach lining, corticosteroid or NSAID use, excessive alcohol use.
, Symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea/vomitting.
Diagnosis: symptomatic.
Treatment: antibiotics, antacids, antidiarrheals if needed.
GI Bleeding (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Mallory-Weiss
tear, cancer, NSAID use, history of GERD.
Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort, red bloody stools, asymptomatic.
Diagnosis: CBC, endoscope to confirm.
Treatment: Cause-based. Fluid replacement. Locating source.
Cirrhosis (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Scar tissue
replaces healthy liver tissue. Lipids stored in body cells instead.
Symptoms: Abdominal pain, drowsiness, weight loss. History of Hep C.
Diagnosis:
Treatment: Antivirals (with Hep C), diuretics, beta-blockers (if cardiac affect), Zinc
supplement, liver transplant.
Foreign Bodies (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Accidents.
2cm or bigger can cause blockage. Children, patients with dentures, and psych patients
at risk.
Symptoms: Depends on location.
Diagnosis: Ultrasound, or X-ray, faster if d/t sharp object.
Treatment: Pro-motility medications if safe to pass, laparoscopic surgery if
large/sharp/dangerous.
GI Obstruction (Cause/Symptoms/Diagnosis/Treatment) - ANSWER Causes: Body
tissues causing blockage.
Symptoms: Pain, constipation, N/V/D.
Diagnosis: Endoscopy, X-ray.
Treatment: Antibiotics, colectomy, bowel rest, surgery if hemorrhage.
