BMSC 210 Midterm 2 Quizzes | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version

BMSC 210 Midterm 2 Quizzes | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version what can restore a frameshift mutation? - another frameshift, microdeletion, and microinsertion A mutation in a particular gene that results in the premature halting of transcription (and, consequently, protein translation) is a___________ mutation. - nonsense Consider a mutation in which the change is from UAC to UAU. Both codons specify the amino acid tyrosine. Which type of point mutation is this? - Silent mutation A ʺpoint mutationʺ refers to mutations involving - a substitution, deletion, or addition of one base- pair. Nutritionally defective mutants can be detected by the technique of - replica plating Which method would be the MOST powerful approach to isolating a single mutant from a population of billions? - selection for a gain of function (like finding a needle in a haystack) A mutant that has a nutritional requirement for growth is an example of a(n) - auxotroph A plasmid may - replicate independently of the chromosome, integrate into the chromosome, or be transferred cell-to-cell during conjugation. The uptake of free DNA from the environment is referred to as ________, while the transfer of DNA with cell-to-cell contact is known as ________. - transformation/conjugation The CRISPR system - recognizes foreign DNA sequences that have previously entered the cell and directs the Cas proteins to destroy them. Lysogeny probably carries a strong selective advantage for the host cell because it - confers resistance to infection by viruses of the same type. F+ strains of Escherichia coli - have the F factor as a plasmid When DNA is transferred into a prokaryotic cell, it may. - be degraded by enzymes, replicate independent of the host chromosome, or recombine with the host chromosome. Consider the following experiment. First, large populations of two mutant strains of Escherichia coli are mixed, each requiring a different, single amino acid. After plating them onto a minimal medium, 45 colonies grew. Which of the following may explain this result? A) The colonies may be due to back mutation (reversion). B) The colonies may be due to recombination. - Either A or B is possible The F (fertility) plasmid contains a set of genes that encode for the ________ proteins that are essential in conjugative transfer of DNA. - pili During electrophoresis, DNA - is separated by charge Which is NOT true about PCR? A. It uses DNA polymerases from psychrophilic microbes B. It is used for making DNA for cloning and DNA sequencing C. It amplifies DNA sequences D. It uses oligonucleotide primers that are complementary to the flanking regions of target DNA - A. It uses DNA polymerases from psychrophilic microbes RT-PCR makes _______ from a(n) _______ template. - cDNA; mRNA If you wanted to compare the relative abundance of mRNA transcribed for a specific gene by two different strains of bacteria, you would perform - a Northern blot Genetic engineering involves - in vitro methods to alter genes in the laboratory A termocylcer is - a machine used for PCR reaction Nucleic acid probes comprise - ss DNA fragments complementary to the sequence of interest A southern blot is a hybridization procedure in which - DNA is in the gel Cutting DNA with EcoR1 will produce - 5' overhangs Genetic engineering requires - various genetic building blocks, a cloning vector and a host for expression During gene cloning, the vector and the foreign D N A are cleaved ________ restriction enzyme(s) and then are joined ________. - the same / DNA ligase A common screening mechanism used in cloning involves assaying for β-galactosidase (lacZ) activity, in which __________-colored colonies suggest that a gene has been successfully inserted/cloned. - white What is NOT true regarding the use of yeast artificial chromosomes (YAC s) for cloning? A. They have features to allow them to replicate and segregate like normal eukaryotic chromosomes B. Large fragments of DNA can be inserted into them C. They contain a gene for selection D. They are circular vectors - D. They are circular vectors - this is false because they are linear vectors