GACE Elementary Education: Practice test II Rated A+

GACE Elementary Education: Practice test II Rated A+ Geoboard A manipulative used to explore basic concepts from geometry such as area, perimeter. Number sense the ability to understand numbers and their relationships Mode the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution Median the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it Mean arithmetic average a concept of equal distribution Range the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution manipulatives An object which is designed so that a learner can perceive some mathematical concept by manipulating it Examples: blocks, dominos Geometry rotations a transformation that turns a figure about a fixed point called the center of rotation The rotations are the same shape and size, but may be turned in different directions Geometrical reflection Shape or image is flipped across a line, so that the opposite image is the exact same distance from the line as the original image Geometric net A 2D representation of the surface area of a 3D figure Tesselation pattern of repeating shapes with no gaps sequencing Placing information, concepts, and actions in order order of magnitude the number rounded to the nearest power of 10 Commutative property The order in which numbers are added or multiplied does not change the sum or product. a+b = b+a a x b = b x a Distributive property a number outside the parenthesis can be multiplied to each term within the parenthesis a(b + c) = ab + ac Transitive property If a=b and b=c, then a=c. Humans eat cows, cows eat grass, humans eat grass. Reciprocal property if two ratios are equal, then their reciprocals are also equal if a/b = c/d, then b/a = d/c Cardinality principle the last count word in the counting sequence represents the total number of items in the collection Ordinal numbers numbers that describe position or order (first, second, third . . .) Cardinal numbers The counting numbers; 1, 2, 3, 4...