Pathophysiology- Exam Chapter 1- Introduction to Pathophysiology

Etiology - Answer-Study of the causes or reasons for a particular disease or injury. Idiopathic - Answer-Cause is unknown. Iatrogenic - Answer-Cause results from unintended or unwanted medical treatment. Pathogenesis - Answer-The development or evolution of a disease, from the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the manifestation of the disease. Description of how etiological factors alter _____________ ________ and lead to _______ _____________ that are observed in a particular disorder/disease. - Answer-- physiologic function - clinical manifestations Signs of disease - Answer-Manifestations of disease that are observed. Symptoms - Answer-The subjective feelings of an abnormality in the body. The feeling of nausea is a symptom or a sign? - Answer-Symptom Vomiting is objectively observed as a symptom or a sign? - Answer-Sign Syndrome - Answer-When the etiology of a particular sets of signs and symptoms has not yet been determined. Latent period (in the case of infectious diseases it is call an incubation period) - Answer-The interval between exposure of a tissue to an injurious agent and the first appearance of signs and symptoms. Prodromal period (or prodrome) - Answer-Refers to the appearance of the first signs and symptoms indicating the onset of a disease. Nonpecific symptoms like headache, malaise, anorexia, and nausea are examples of what? - Answer-Prodromal symptoms Acute phase - Answer-The disease reaches its full intensity, and signs and symptoms attain their greatest severity. Silent period or latent period - Answer-Sometimes during the course of a disease, the s&s may become mild or even disappear fro a time. Subclinical stage - Answer-during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established. Acute clinical course: - Answer-Short-lived; may have sever manifestations. Measured hours, days, or a few weeks. Chronic clinical course: - Answer-May last months to years, sometimes following an acute course. Exacerbation: - Answer-A sudden increase in severity of disease of S&S. Remission: - Answer-Decrease in severity, signs, or symptoms: may indicate disease is cured. (Sometimes defined as longer than 5 years). Convalescence: - Answer-Stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure. Sequela (plural: sequelae) - Answer-Occasionally a disease produces a subsequent pathologic condition. For example, the sequela of an inflammatory process might