ATI CAPSTONE ELSEVIER HESI MEDICAL SURGICAL- DISEASE MANAGEMENT I | SECONDARY PREVENTION -ACUTE CARE EXAM PREPARATION

ATI CAPSTONE ELSEVIER HESI MEDICAL SURGICAL- DISEASE MANAGEMENT I | SECONDARY PREVENTION -ACUTE CARE EXAM PREPARATION Endocrine System Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ Disease, Goiter) [Description] • Excessive activity of thyroid gland • Elevated T3 & T4 • Increased rate of body metabolism • Autoimmune process • Etiologies: o Primary disease state o Use of replacement hormone therapy o Excessive TSH production • Diagnostic: o Low TSH o High T3/T4 o Thyroid scan – goiter • Treatment: o Medication: ▪ Propylthiouracil (PTU) ▪ Methimazole (Tapazole) o Thyroid ablation by medication o Radioactive iodine therapy o Thyroidectomy o Adenectomy – portion of the anterior pituitary where TSH is made is taken out o NOTE: all treatments cause hypothyroid = lifelong hormone replacement [Assessment] • Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) • Acceleration of body processes: o Weight loss o Increased appetite o Diarrhea o Heat intolerance o Tachycardia, palpitations, high HP o Diaphoretic, wet, moist skin o Nervousness, insomnia