CCI Comprehensive Practice Exam 2022/23 Graded A+

A Doppler finding in patients with patent ductus arteriosus would be: - ANSWER-Diastolic left to right flow in the pulmonary artery Which medium interface would you expect the strongest (brightest) echoes to occur? - ANSWER-Air/Skin A congenital malformation where the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve is displaced toward the apex of the right ventricle is termed: - ANSWER-Ebsteins anomaly In a patient with an ostium secundum defect of the heart, a step-up (increased concentration) of oxygen saturation would be noted in the: - ANSWER-Right atrium Which component is the metabolic component of acid base balance in the body? - ANSWER-Hco3 The stroke volume of an intact ventricle is directly influenced by all of the following except? a. Preload b. Afterload c. Contractility d. Age - ANSWER-Age The factor that most strongly influences the speed at which an ultrasound wave travels through a patients liver is the: - ANSWER-stiffness of the liver tissue ________________ cannot travel through a vcuum - ANSWER-Sound When evaluating an aortic valve for stenosis, caution must be taken not to underestimate the severity of the stenosis in the presence of: - ANSWER-Mitral regurgitation Frequency of sound is expressed in: - ANSWER-hertz The methods used to decrease the build up of acid in a patient who is arresting are: - ANSWER-Hyperventilation and sodium bicarbonate The term opening snap is used to describe: - ANSWER-mitral stenosis The mid systolic click is generally associated with: - ANSWER-Barlow's syndrome What factors affect the pressure gradient across a valve? - ANSWER-Resistance to flow and proximal chamber pressure The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure most closely approximates _____________ pressures. - ANSWER-LA and LVEDP The most common ventricular septal defect is the: - ANSWER-perimembranous VSD Untreated congestive heart failure could eventually lead to: - ANSWER-pulmonary HTN The tension in the fibers of the ventricle after the onset of systole refers to: - ANSWER-afterload A direct result of mitral regurgitation is: - ANSWER-Left atrial enlargement Wolff Parkinson's White syndrome is diagnosed on the ECG by the presence of a: - ANSWER-delta wave The second heart sound is associated with: - ANSWER-closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves A typical finding in the presence of aortic stenosis is: - ANSWER-Left ventricular hypertrophy Ohms law describes the basic characteristics of electricity in a circuit; A principle that applies to all electrical, medical and monitoring instruments. The formula is: - ANSWER-V=IxR In what medium does sound travel the fastest? - ANSWER-bone subcristal VSD's are also known as: - ANSWER-Subaotric VSD A finding of coronary artery aneurysms on an echocardiogram of a child would be consistent with: - ANSWER-Barlow's syndrome The central venous pressure is a direct reflection of the: - ANSWER-right atrial pressure In the normal functioning heart, the end diastolic volume is determined by what major factors? - ANSWER-Diastolic filling pressure, total blood volume and atrial systole The amount of refraction is most strongly influenced by the relative ____________ on either side of the interface. - ANSWER-acoustic impedance Regions of decreased particle density as seen on ultrasound refers to: - ANSWER-rarefraction