SPC 1608 Final Exam (#3) 100% Errorless.

Language correct answers the rule-governed word system we use to verbally communicate... "symbolic substitutes" Receiver-Centric correct answers a person's assumption that the meaning he or she gives to a word or a phrase is its exclusive meaning Receiver-Centric Listeners correct answers -easily turned off to a speaker -apply a very narrow range of meaning to words -force their meaning on the message Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis correct answers -the idea that what people perceive is influenced by the language in which they think and speak -Benjamin Whorf Demographic Diversity correct answers reflected in the groups to which people belong & with which they identify -nationality, race & ethnicity, gender, religion, social and economic class Before choosing language to construct a speech... correct answers explore individual beliefs, attitudes and values of people in our audience How to use effective language correct answers -use language appropriate to the rhetorical situation -use inclusive language -use credibility enhancing language -use language to its fullest potential -use language that will manage our speech Inclusive Language correct answers -helps people believe that they not only have a stake in matters of societal importance but also have power in this regard -dosen't marginalize people, doesn't exclude people Marginalizing Language correct answers -diminishes people's importance and makes them appear to be less powerful, less significant & less worthwhile than they are -appeals to biases audience members may hold consciously or subconsciously Totalizing Language correct answers defines people on the basis of a single attribute, such as race, ethnicity, biological sex, or disability Sexist Language correct answers language that stereotypes gender roles Immediate Language correct answers (inclusive) language that reduces the psychological distance that separates speakers and audience members and stresses that speech is a transaction