Autism Core Knowledge (QABA ABAT Exam Study Slides) Graded A+

Autisitic Disorder - ANSWER Children who were highly intelligent but displayed "a powerful desire for aloneness" and "an obsessive insistence on persistent sameness" Asperger Syndrome - ANSWER • Named after Hans Asperger • Individuals with similar deficits in social interaction, but with stronger language skills • Milder form of autism • Known as "Little Professors" due to excess knowledge in 1 subject Five Disorders that are encompassed within ASD diagnosis: - ANSWER • Autistic Disorder: also known as "Classical Autism" • Asperger Syndrome • Pervasive Developmental Disorder: otherwise known as PDD-NOS • Retts Syndrome • Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) T/F: There is NO single cause of ASD - ANSWER True Complex relationship between ____________ and ____________ factors. - ANSWER Genetic predisposition, environmental Characterized by _____________ and ___________ patterns. - ANSWER social communication deficits, restricted and repetitive behavior Two classifications of diagnostic criteria: - ANSWER - International Classification of Disease, Tenth Edition (ICD 10) - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM- V) What is the ASD: Triad of Primary Impairments? - ANSWER 1. Social & Emotional Interaction 2. Imagination & Flexibility of Thought 3. Social Communication & Language Characteristics of Social & Emotional Interaction Impairments: - ANSWER • Standing too close to people • Unaware of different ways of interacting with others • Has desire to have friends and relationships but struggles to initiate and maintain these Characteristics of Imagination & Flexibility of Thought Impairments: - ANSWER • Does not understand others points of view or feelings • Takes everything literally • Agitated by change in routine Characteristics of Social Communication & Language Impairments: - ANSWER • Asks repetitive questions • Cannot 'read between the lines' of what people mean • Communicates for own needs, rather than for 'social' engagement • Makes factual comments inappropriate to the context •Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announces prevalence rates of autism; updated every _______ years. -2016: 1 in every _____ children -2018: 1 in every _____ children -2020: 1 in every _____ children -Rate is higher in boys than girls (about _____ times more common in boys) - ANSWER a) 2 b) 68 c) 59 d) 54 e) 4 Red Flags for Early Diagnosis of ASD: - ANSWER • Not responding to their name by 12 months of age • Not pointing at objects to show interest (e.g., pointing at an airplane flying over) by 14 months • Not playing "pretend" games (e.g., pretending to "feed" a doll) by 18 months • Avoiding eye contact and wanting to be alone • Having trouble understanding other people's feelings or talking about their own feelings • Having delayed speech and language skills • Repeating words or phrases over and over (echolalia) • Giving unrelated answers to questions • Getting upset by minor changes • Having obsessive interests • Flapping their hands, rocking their body, or spinning in circles • Having unusual reactions to the way things sound, smell, taste, look, or feel What is a Developmental Evaluation? - ANSWER An in-depth look at a child's development, by a trained specialist, such as a developmental pediatrician, child psychologist, or pediatric neurologist. - Consists of observation of the child, structured testing, and interview tools/questionnaires - Uses the criteria in the DSM-V - Results are either meets criteria for ASD or does not meet criteria. Risk Factors of ASD: - ANSWER • Genes can make it more likely a person will develop ASD • Higher risk for those who have a sibling with ASD • Having certain chromosomal or genetic conditions • Certain medications (Valproic Acid and Thalidomide) taken during pregnancy • Some evidence towards "critical period" (before, during and immediately after birth) • Older parents (greater risk) What is Pragmatic Language? - ANSWER Appropriate social language skills, including verbal and non-verbal communication. Includes what we say, how we say it (volume, tone, intonation, etc.) and when to say it. What is Receptive Language? - ANSWER Understanding what others say or what is read (e.g., following instructions). What is Expressive Language? - ANSWER Using words/sentences to express oneself (communicate wants, needs, ideas, etc.) What is Sensory-motor? - ANSWER The understanding that sensory stimulation/input and motor output are directly tied to each other. What are social skills? - ANSWER Verbal and non-verbal communication skills we use to communicate with others; Supports in development and maintenance of social