WGU Intro to Humanities C100 Already Graded A

WGU Intro to Humanities C100 Already Graded A Charles Dickens A Realist author that is is best remembered for works that addressed social inequalities and the struggles of the working class in 19th century England. Oedipus Play written by Sophocles the Parthenon Greek building most revered for its use of ratio and perspective the Pantheon Roman engineering allowed the _______________ to have the largest single span dome for centuries. Everyday life In Plato's Allegory of the Cave, what do the shadows represent? Democracy Form of government developed by ancient Greeks. Metropolitan Kouros Greek sculpture that utilized vertical and horizontal symmetry in creating human form Hamlet "To be, or not to be: that is the question" is from which play? Renaissance French word that means "rebirth." Erasmus Wrote the satirical essay, In Praise of Folly, which criticized the corruption and abuses of Catholic doctrine in parts of the Roman Catholic Church? Age of Reason Age of Enlightenment was also called_____________ More variety in orchestral texture The music of the Neoclassical Period differed from Baroque Mozart A classical composer Angelica Kauffmann Worked within the Neoclassical movement Tartuffe A play by Moliere that utilizes satire to expose hypocrisy and offer religious and social criticism. Gulliver's Travels Jonathan Swift's satire of human nature. Empiricism philosophical approach that relies on direct observation and experimentation? Frankenstein Written by Mary Shelley Prometheus A figure from Greek mythology featured in Romantic works and is a symbol of freedom and rebellion? Romantic architecture in England revived the ______ movement. Gothic Percy Bysshe Shelley English Romantic poet? Chromaticism The movement or displacement of notes by half-step, as opposed to the tradition of whole-step movement in previous periods A musical technique popular in the Romantic period that is still used in contemporary music today. Scientific materialism The philosophical view that the only reality that exists is the one that can be seen through the natural sciences. Military march Which of the following musical styles was composer John Philip Sousa best known for? Invention of Photography A major artistic innovation during the Realist period? Capital The top part of a column between the shaft of the column and the entablature. Canon A set of rules developed by the Greek artist Polykleitos for creating perfect proportionality in the human figure. Diction The purging of a spectator's strong emotions through experiencing tragedy; one of Aristotle's concepts. Hubris Greek word for excessive pride, presumption or arrogance (originally toward the gods). Catharsis The purging of a spectator's strong emotions through experiencing tragedy; one of Aristotle's concepts. Frieze A broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, usually on a wall near the ceiling. Classicism Aesthetic attitudes and principles found in the art, architecture, and literature of ancient Greece and Rome. Post and lintel Classical Greek architectural design that features two upright posts supporting a crossbeam called a lintel. Entablature The horizontal layers of material of a building that are supported by columns or walls. The Forms Plato's concept that there are ideal essences (the Forms) of objects or things. Pediment The triangular upper part of the front of a building in the classical style. Skepticism A philosophy that maintains that there can be no certainty in human knowledge and that mankind should continually be involved with finding the truth. Doric order The simplest of the classical Greek architectural styles, featuring unadorned columns with no base. individualism That which separates one unique person from another, as well as the social and philosophical viewpoint that celebrates that difference. In Praise of Folly A satirical essay written by Desiderius Erasmus () in which he criticizes the abuses and corruption of Catholic doctrine in parts of the Catholic Church. Renaissance A period in Western history, from the 14th through the 16th centuries, marked by a revival of interest in the culture of Greco-Roman antiquity and a flourishing of artistic and intellectual achievement. Reformation art Art movement of the 16th century, largely in Northern Europe, that reflected religious views of Protestant Reformation. epistemology The study of thinking. sonnet A form of poem that commonly contains 14 lines. rationalism A point of view that emphasizes the role of reason, over the senses, in gaining knowledge. The Prince A political treatise written by Niccolò Machiavelli () in which he claims that the ends justify the means and that those with political power should use whatever advantage they have to keep it and control the populace. allegory A work of art which represents some abstract quality or idea, often religious or political, by means of symbolic representation. self-fashioning The process of fashioning one's individual sense of self and public persona according to a set of socially acceptable standards. madrigal A polyphonic vocal work, usually written for four or five voices, setting a pastoral poem to music, performed without instrumental accompaniment, and intended for secular use. Prose Language that flows naturally as opposed to language that conforms to the beat of a rhythm such as in poetry. iconoclasm The deliberate destruction of religious art, imagery, icons, and other symbols or monuments. blank verse Poetry written in a metered fashion, typically iambic pentameter, but which does not rhyme classical humanism The cultural movement of the Renaissance, based on Greek and Roman classic literature, that emphasized the dignity, worth, and rationality of humankind. Monophonic Music that contains only a single part. Enlightenment The period in Western history spanning the 17th and 18th centuries, during which a notable shift toward rational thinking and advancement occurred in science, philosophy, society, and politics. Order Natural laws that Enlightenment thinkers believed should guide the structure of civilized life. Deism The belief that God created the natural laws that govern nature but does not directly intervene or interfere in any way. Doctrine The body of beliefs, principles, and values in a knowledge or belief system such as religion. Opera A fully-produced, multi-sectional work for the theater whose text (or libretto) is primarily sung by soloists and a chorus, and which is accompanied by instruments, usually a large orchestra. Empiricism Philosophical doctrine that says all knowledge is derived from our senses. Counterpoint The simplest form of harmony features at least two melodic lines (referred to as voices or parts) of equal value played against one another. Satire Genre in which human or individual weaknesses or shortcomings are shown by means of ridicule, derision, irony, or other methods, often with the intent to expose or correct. Progress The steady march of advancements made in certain intellectual areas that allow the human race to develop and grow. transcendentalism Philosophical movement during the Romantic era that emphasized feeling over reason and the role of the individual finding an intuitive relation to the universe through solitude amid nature. Gothic Revival Romantic-era architectural movement that employed Gothic forms. chromaticism The movement or displacement of notes by a half-step, as opposed to the tradition of whole-step movement in previous periods. egalitarianism A belief in promoting social and political equality. Transcendentalist movement Philosophical movement during the Romantic era that emphasized feeling over reason and the role of the individual finding an intuitive relation to the universe through solitude amid nature. Romantic/Byronic hero A stereotypical character of a Romantic novel; an exceptional and gifted loner, perhaps misunderstood, who was driven to follow personal passion rather than traditional societal expectations. idealism Theory that reality is a mental construction or that the object of external perception consists of ideas. Gothic literature A literary style popular during the Romantic era that emphasized the flawed nature of man and his potential for destruction rather than progress, often through monstrous heroes and/or sympathetic villains. colonialism The political, economic, and cultural domination by one country over another country or region. exoticism An artistic trend that took place in Europe in the 19th century, which borrowed and glorified cultural aspects from non-Western civilizations. Atonality Describes music that is written in a way that avoids centering around a specific key. Darwinism The theory of evolution by natural selection developed by biologist Charles Darwin. Impressionism Art movement of the late 19th century that emphasized simplified composition and the effect of light and color to capture a painter's visual impression. Materialism Philosophical position that all processes, phenomena, and objects/beings can be explained as manifestations or results of matter. Post-Impressionism Art movement of the late 19th century that while influenced by Impressionism emphasized a greater concern for expression, structure, form, and emotional response. Art Nouveau Art movement of the late 19th century - early 20th century that favored sinuous lines, curves, and organic motifs, such as plants and flowers. Utilitarianism The ethical approach that emphasizes pragmatic ethical decisions for the greater good. Imperialism The policy of extending the rule of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. Social Darwinism The theory that individuals, groups, and communities are subject to the same principle of natural selection as plants and animals. Motifs In music, a brief but recognizable recurring fragment of a melody. Idealism Theory that reality is a mental construction or that the object of external perception consists of ideas.