Monomers are smaller units which can create larger molecules
Polymers are made from repeating units of monomers bonded together.
Monomers Polymers
Glucose Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
Amino Acid Protein
Nucleotide DNA and RNA
Fatty Acids Lipids
Two key chemical reactions:
Condensation :Joining two molecules together creating a chemical bond and removing
water molecules.
Hydrolysis: Uses water to break the chemical bonds between two molecules.
Monosaccharide Disaccharide Polysaccharide
Glucose Sucrose Starch
Fructose Maltose Cellulose
Galactose Lactose Glycogen
Disaccharides:
Made by two monosaccharides joined together by a
glycosidic bond formed by a condensation reaction.
Glucose + Glucose → Maltose + Water
Glucose + Galactose → Lactose + Water
Glucose + Fructose → Sucrose + Water
Polysaccharides:
Created by condensation reactions between many
glucose monomers.
Starch is stored as glucose in plants.
Cellulose provides structural strength in plants.
Glycogen is found in animals and stores of glucose
found in liver and muscle cells.
1-6 glycosidic bonds creates branched structure
Polymers are made from repeating units of monomers bonded together.
Monomers Polymers
Glucose Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
Amino Acid Protein
Nucleotide DNA and RNA
Fatty Acids Lipids
Two key chemical reactions:
Condensation :Joining two molecules together creating a chemical bond and removing
water molecules.
Hydrolysis: Uses water to break the chemical bonds between two molecules.
Monosaccharide Disaccharide Polysaccharide
Glucose Sucrose Starch
Fructose Maltose Cellulose
Galactose Lactose Glycogen
Disaccharides:
Made by two monosaccharides joined together by a
glycosidic bond formed by a condensation reaction.
Glucose + Glucose → Maltose + Water
Glucose + Galactose → Lactose + Water
Glucose + Fructose → Sucrose + Water
Polysaccharides:
Created by condensation reactions between many
glucose monomers.
Starch is stored as glucose in plants.
Cellulose provides structural strength in plants.
Glycogen is found in animals and stores of glucose
found in liver and muscle cells.
1-6 glycosidic bonds creates branched structure
