ATI Detailed Answer Key Homework 8 - Pediatrics

ATI Detailed Answer Key Homework 8 - Pediatrics. A nurse is collecting data from a 9-month-old infant. Which of the following findings would require further intervention? Rationale: The Babinski reflex disappears after 1 year of age. Therefore, a 9-month-old infant with a positive Babinski reflex is a finding that does not require further intervention. A. Positive Babinski reflex Rationale: The Moro reflex disappears approximately at 3-4 months of age. Therefore, a 9- month-old infant with a positive Moro reflex is a finding that requires further intervention B. Positive Moro reflex Rationale: A negative Doll’s eye reflex is a normal finding. Therefore, a 9-month-old infant with a negative Doll’s eye reflex is a finding that does not require further intervention. C. Negative Doll’s eye reflex Rationale: A negative Crawl reflex disappears after 6 months of age. Therefore, a 9-month-old infant with a negative Crawl reflex is a finding that does not require further intervention. D. Negative Crawl reflex 1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching a parent of a child who has a fracture of the epiphyseal plate. Which of the following is an appropriate statement by the nurse? Rationale: Children heal fractures in less time than adults because of the generous blood supply to the bone and the epiphyseal plate. A. “The blood supply to the bone is disrupted.” Rationale: A fracture of the epiphyseal plate can affect growth in a child. Therefore, it needs to be detected and treated rapidly. B. “Normal bone growth can be affected.” Rationale: The epiphyseal plate is the cartilage growth plate. Therefore, bone marrow is not lost through this type of fracture. C. “Bone marrow can be lost though the fracture.” Rationale: Children heal fractures in less time than adults because of the generous blood supply to the bone and the epiphyseal plate. D. “The healing process will take longer.” 2. Detailed Answer Key Homework 8 - Pediatrics A nurse is planning to speak to a group of adolescents about toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The nurse knows that TSS is commonly associated with which of the following? Rationale: Toxic shock syndrome, a severe disease caused by a toxin made by Staphylococcus aureus, is characterized by shock and multiple organ dysfunction. It most often affects menstruating women who use highly absorbent tampons. A. High-absorbency tampons Rationale: Mosquito bites are not associated with TSS. B. Mosquito bites Rationale: International travel is not associated with TSS. C. International travel Rationale: TSS is not associated with multiple sexual partners. D. Multiple sexual partners 3. A nurse is collecting data from an infant. Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis? Rationale: Visible gastric peristaltic waves moving from the left to the right are a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis. A. Absent bowel sounds Rationale: Vomiting causes a depletion of fluid and electrolytes, therefore a decrease in serum sodium levels is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis. B. Increased sodium level Rationale: Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing and thickening of the pyloric canal between the stomach and the duodenum resulting in projectile vomiting. C. Projectile vomiting after feedings Rationale: An olive-shaped mass is palpable right of the umbilicus is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis. D. Golf ball-sized mass over the left quadrant 4. CAA_DetailedAnswerKey created 10/05/2012 page 2 of 18 Detailed Answer Key Homework 8 - Pediatrics A nurse is planning care for a child who has juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take? Rationale: NSAIDs are used to control pain. Therefore, administering opioids on a schedule is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take. A. Administer opioids on a schedule. Rationale: Physical mobility will assist in preserving function and maintaining mobility. Therefore, prolonged periods of complete joint immobilization is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take. B. Schedule prolonged periods of complete joint immobilization daily. Rationale: Heat is beneficial for relieving pain and stiffness. Therefore, applying cool compresses for 20 minutes every hour is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take. C. Apply cool compresses for 20 minutes every hour. Rationale: Maintaining night splints to the affected joints will assist in range of motion. Therefore, this is an appropriate action for the nurse to take. D. Maintain night splints to the affected joint. 5. CAA_DetailedAnswerKey created 10/05/2012 page 3 of 18 Detailed Answer Key Homework 8 - Pediatrics A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has mild persistent asthma. Which of the following is an expected finding? (Select all that apply.) A. Symptoms are continuous throughout the day. B. Daytime symptoms occur more than twice a week. C. Nighttime symptoms occur approximately twice a month. D. Minor limitations occur with normal activity. E. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is greater than or equal to 80% of the predicted value. 6. Rationale: Symptoms are continuous throughout the day is incorrect. Continual asthma symptoms throughout the day are seen with severe persistent asthma. Daytime symptoms occur more than twice a week is correct. A child with mild persistent asthma will typically have daytime symptoms more than twice a week, but not daily. Nighttime symptoms occur approximately twice a month is incorrect. Nighttime symptoms occurring approximately twice a month are seen with intermittent asthma. Minor limitations occur with normal activity is correct. A child with mild persistent asthma will have some minor limitations with normal daily activities. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is greater than or equal to 80% of the predicted value is correct. A child with mild persistent asthma will have a PEF greater than or equal to 80% of the predicted value. CAA_DetailedAnswerKey created 10/05/2012 page 4 of 18 Detailed Answer Key Homework 8 - Pediatrics A nurse working in a pediatric clinic is collecting data on a preschool-age child who has a rash on his arm. The mother reports that the child was recently exposed to impetigo contagiosa. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find with this skin infection? Rationale: This finding is associated with tinia corporis (ringworm), not impetigo. A. Scaling patches that are clear in the center. Rationale: This finding is associated with impetigo contagiosa. Honey-colored crusts develop when vesicles rupture and the exudate dries. B. Honey-colored crusts caused by dried exudate. Rationale: This finding is associated with verruca (warts), not impetigo. C. Firm papules with a roughened, finely papillomatous texture. Rationale: This finding is associated with poison ivy, not impetigo. D. Lines of small blisters surrounding one large blister. 7. During a routine well child check-up, a nurse is reinforcing teaching to a parent who reports having difficulty getting a preschool-age child to go to bed. Which of the following statements indicates to the nurse that the parent understands how to foster a consistent bedtime for the preschooler? Rationale: While crying for brief periods of time is not harmful to the child, it may promote a sense of fear and insecurity and discourage the child from going to sleep. A. "I will allow my child to cry himself to sleep each night.” Rationale: Allowing the child to routinely come into the parent’s bed fosters the idea that this will be the norm. The child may then be unwilling to sleep alone. B. "I will let my child fall asleep with me, and then move him to his own bed.” Rationale: Darkened rooms may elicit fear in a preschooler. C. "I will make sure the room is dark when placing my child in bed.” Rationale: Transitional objects, such as a blanket or toy, will provide a sense of comfort and allow the child to fall asleep more quickly. D. "I will encourage my child to fall sleep with his favorite toy.” 8. CAA_DetailedAnswerKey created 10/05/2012 page 5 of 18 Detailed Answer Key Homework 8 - Pediatrics A nurse is collecting data about a 6-year-old client. Which statement by the client's parent should concern the nurse? Rationale: Squinting to see the board may indicate a vision problem. It is essential to check children for hearing and vision problems. If not identified and corrected early, they lead to frustration and a decreased ability to learn. A. "The teacher says my child has to squint to see the board." Rationale: Children of this age begin to lose their deciduous teeth to accommodate the emergence of their permanent teeth. This is an expected finding. B. "My child has recently lost both front top teeth." Rationale: Children of this age often cheat to win at games because they feel winning is most important. This is an expected finding. C. "My child often cheats when we play board games." Rationale: Children of this age are often bossy and are learning how to interact with peers. This is an expected finding. D. "Sometimes my child acts bossy with his friends." 9. A nurse working at a clinic speaks on the telephone with the parent of a 2-month-old infant. The parent tells the nurse that the infant has projectile vomiting followed by hunger after meals. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate? We offer online tutoring, help with assignments and essay writing for all majors with a guaranteed pass. For assistance Contact Tutor Lucas: