CHAPTER 7: Scope Planning
(1.1.)Scope Planning Process
(1) Plan Scope Management
(2) Collect project requirements
(3) Define project scope
(4) Create work breakdown structure (WBS)
(5) Establish change control
Flow of Scope Planning
Plan Scope Management
Plan Scope Management: the process of developing a plan that includes the total scope of what needs to be
done and what is excluded from the project; implementation and validation of the scope; and how to control
deviations from the scope statement.
Total Scope = Product Scope + Project Scope
Product Scope: outputs the team will deliver to its customers
Project Scope: The work needed to be performed in order to deliver the projects outputs
(1.2.)Collect Requirements
Make sure the project team is absolutely clear on the project objectives.
Collect Requirements: a systematic effort to understand and analyse stakeholder needs to define and
document these needs and requirements with a focus on meeting project objectives.
(1.2.1.)Gather Stakeholder Input & Needs
Use voice of the customer techniques (VOC)
▪ Ask questions
▪ Place yourself in the customer’s situation
▪ State customer desires in operational terms
,Collecting requirements is same regardless of type of project. Generally Agile documentation is less formal,
thus allowing for progressive elaboration
Common methods for obtaining & documenting requirements:
▪ Meetings with Stakeholders
▪ Interviews
▪ Focus Groups
▪ Questionnaires
▪ Surveys
▪ Observations
▪ Prototypes
▪ Industry Standards
▪ Reference Documents
▪ Market Analysis
▪ Competitive Analysis
▪ Client Requests
▪ Standard Specifications
Seek a high-level description:
What do we not understand about the feature?
What is the business reason for the feature?
What is the impact of not providing this feature?
What action items need to be accomplished if we do this?
What impact will this have on other features of the project or elsewhere?
Requirements Traceability Matrix
, (1.3.)Define Scope
Define Scope: the process of translation stakeholder needs and requirements into detailed specifications of
the project outcomes & products.
Reasons to Define Scope ▪ All other planning is based on the project scope
▪ Needed to preventing scope creep
How to Define Scope (1) List project deliverables (Determine
acceptance criteria)
(2) Establish project boundaries
a. In scope vs. Out of scope
b. Understand constraints
(3) Create a Scope Definition
Defining Scope in Agile ▪ At beginning of project, overall scope only identified at high level
Projects ▪ Backlog of possible work identified also
▪ Use smaller, frequent iterations to get feedback, as customer desires evolve
over time
▪ Customer representative (“owner”) prioritizes scope based on business need,
value, cost, & risk.
(1.4.)WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)
WBS: Tool to progressively divide project deliverables into smaller pieces. It Identifies all deliverables. A
framework for further planning, execution, and control.
Define Activity: a project planning process which identifies and determines specific actions to develop and
deliver the project outcomes, such as products, services or results
(1.4.1)Purpose of WBS:
▪ Ensures all parts of project are considered
▪ Adds discipline and visibility to project planning
▪ Basis for planning schedule, resources, cost, quality, & risk
▪ Useful in determining where and why problems occur
▪ Helpful in project communications
(1.1.)Scope Planning Process
(1) Plan Scope Management
(2) Collect project requirements
(3) Define project scope
(4) Create work breakdown structure (WBS)
(5) Establish change control
Flow of Scope Planning
Plan Scope Management
Plan Scope Management: the process of developing a plan that includes the total scope of what needs to be
done and what is excluded from the project; implementation and validation of the scope; and how to control
deviations from the scope statement.
Total Scope = Product Scope + Project Scope
Product Scope: outputs the team will deliver to its customers
Project Scope: The work needed to be performed in order to deliver the projects outputs
(1.2.)Collect Requirements
Make sure the project team is absolutely clear on the project objectives.
Collect Requirements: a systematic effort to understand and analyse stakeholder needs to define and
document these needs and requirements with a focus on meeting project objectives.
(1.2.1.)Gather Stakeholder Input & Needs
Use voice of the customer techniques (VOC)
▪ Ask questions
▪ Place yourself in the customer’s situation
▪ State customer desires in operational terms
,Collecting requirements is same regardless of type of project. Generally Agile documentation is less formal,
thus allowing for progressive elaboration
Common methods for obtaining & documenting requirements:
▪ Meetings with Stakeholders
▪ Interviews
▪ Focus Groups
▪ Questionnaires
▪ Surveys
▪ Observations
▪ Prototypes
▪ Industry Standards
▪ Reference Documents
▪ Market Analysis
▪ Competitive Analysis
▪ Client Requests
▪ Standard Specifications
Seek a high-level description:
What do we not understand about the feature?
What is the business reason for the feature?
What is the impact of not providing this feature?
What action items need to be accomplished if we do this?
What impact will this have on other features of the project or elsewhere?
Requirements Traceability Matrix
, (1.3.)Define Scope
Define Scope: the process of translation stakeholder needs and requirements into detailed specifications of
the project outcomes & products.
Reasons to Define Scope ▪ All other planning is based on the project scope
▪ Needed to preventing scope creep
How to Define Scope (1) List project deliverables (Determine
acceptance criteria)
(2) Establish project boundaries
a. In scope vs. Out of scope
b. Understand constraints
(3) Create a Scope Definition
Defining Scope in Agile ▪ At beginning of project, overall scope only identified at high level
Projects ▪ Backlog of possible work identified also
▪ Use smaller, frequent iterations to get feedback, as customer desires evolve
over time
▪ Customer representative (“owner”) prioritizes scope based on business need,
value, cost, & risk.
(1.4.)WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)
WBS: Tool to progressively divide project deliverables into smaller pieces. It Identifies all deliverables. A
framework for further planning, execution, and control.
Define Activity: a project planning process which identifies and determines specific actions to develop and
deliver the project outcomes, such as products, services or results
(1.4.1)Purpose of WBS:
▪ Ensures all parts of project are considered
▪ Adds discipline and visibility to project planning
▪ Basis for planning schedule, resources, cost, quality, & risk
▪ Useful in determining where and why problems occur
▪ Helpful in project communications
