BIOS252FINALEXAM REVIEW-2022

1. What are the planes of section that divide body into: left and right; front and back; up and down?  Coronal – Dorsal (back and front), Ventral (up and down)  Sagittal – Left and Right 2. What do the following pairs of positional terms mean: proximal and distal, medial and lateral, dorsal and ventral, superior and inferior, contralateral and ipsilateral, superficial and deep?  Proximal/Distal – Nearer to the point of attachment/Farther from the point of attachment  Medial/Lateral – Closer to the midline of the body/Farther from the midline of the body  Ventral/Dorsal – Front/Back  Superior/Inferior – Above/Below  Contralateral/Ipsilateral – Opposite side of body/Same side of body  Superficial/Deep – Closer to the surface of the body/Farther from the surface of the body 3. Explain the terms that describe locations/parts of the body: cervical, cranial, brachial, antebrachial, femoral, cutaneous/subcutaneous, sacral, gluteal, thoracic, dorsal  Cervical – Neck  Cranial – Head  Brachial – Arm  Antebrachial – Forearm  Femoral – Thigh  Cutaneous/Subcutaneous – Dermis/Hypodermis  Sacral – Posterior regions between the hip bones  Gluteal – Buttocks  Thoracic – Rib Cage  Dorsal - Back 4. What are the properties of the “anatomical position”?  Facing forward  Arms to the side  Palms forward  Feet facing straight ahead 5. Describe negative feedback loop components and explain what it does.  Negative feedback loop is when your body senses a change an activates mechanisms to reverse it(dynamic equilibrium). Opposite actions happening to repair homeostasis  Components – Stimulus: produces change in variable Sensor/Receptor: Detects variable change & sends info to control center Integration/Control Center: Receives info from sensor & makes decision about solution Effector: Carries out control center decision Response: Return to homeostasis 6. Define homeostasis. The body's ability to physiologically regulate its inner environment to ensure its stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment. 7. List common medical imaging techniques and briefly describe how each one works.