GIZMO Earthquakes 1 Recording Station

Exam (elaborations) GIZMO Earthquakes 1 Recording Station Student Exploration: Earthquakes 1 – Recording Station Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: body wave, earthquake, epicenter, fault, focus, P-wave, S-wave, seismic wave, seismogram, seismograph Prior Knowledge Questions ( Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo. ) Gizmo Warm-up The E arthquakes 1 – Recording Station Gizmo simulates the s eismic waves released by an earthquake. To begin, l ook at the key on the bottom l eft side of the Gizmo. 1. The e picenter o f the earthquake i s the point on Earth’s surface closest to the f ocus, or origin, of the earthquake. 2. Click Play ( ) and observe the seismic waves l eaving the epicenter of the earthquake. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved Name: Stephanie Maurad Date: 2/22/21 1. Have you ever experienced an e arthquake? If so, what did i t feel l ike? I’ve never experienced an earthquake. 2. Earthquakes are usually caused by the sudden movement of rocks along a fault, or fracture, i n Earth’s crust. The most famous fault i n the U.S. i s the San Andreas Fault i n California. What major cities are l ocated near the San Andreas Fault? San Francisco and Los Angeles are l ocated near the San Andreas fault. A. What symbol represents the epicenter? The circle. B. What symbol represents the recording station? The triangle. A. What types of seismic waves are released? P and S seismic waves are released. B. Look at the R ecording station detector on the upper l eft side of the Gizmo. What happens when the seismic waves hit the recording station? When the seismic waves hit the recording station, they’re recorded on the station detector. The P waves aren’t very effective, but the S waves are. This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :12:09 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH GIZMO Earthquakes 1 Recording Station Introduction: An earthquake releases an enormous amount of energy, which passes through Earth’s i nterior i n the form of b ody waves. There are two types of body waves: P -waves (primary waves) and S -waves (secondary waves). Scientists study earthquakes with the aid of an i nstrument called a s eismograph. When seismic waves reach the seismograph, a graphical record, or s eismogram, i s produced. Question: How are P- and S-waves shown on a seismogram? 1. Observe : Click Play , and then click Pause ( ) after the purple P-wave hits the station. 2. Observe: Click P lay, and then click P ause after the green S-wave hits the station. 3. Describe: Click P lay and wait for the vibrations to stop. Suppose you were at the recording station when the earthquake hit. Based on the pattern of waves on the seismogram, what did you experience during the earthquake? 4. Explore: Click R eset, and drag the recording station closer to the epicenter. Click P lay. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved Activity A: Reading a seismogram Get the Gizmo ready: ● Click Reset ( ). ● Check that the D istance from the station to the center of earthquake i s 860 km. A. Look at the upper right corner of the seismogram. At what time did the P-wave hit? The P-wave hit at around 155 seconds. B. What i s shown on the seismogram at this time? At this time, small squiggly l ines are shown on the seismograph. A. At what time did the S-wave hit? The S-wave hit at around 250 seconds. B. What i s shown on the seismogram at this time? At this time, l ong and more i ntense l ines are shown on the seismograph. During the earthquake, I would experience a faint shaking and then a more i ntense shaking for 180 seconds, or 3 minutes. A. How does this seismogram differ from the one you first i nvestigated? This time, the P waves l asted l onger and the S waves were more i ntense. B. What would this earthquake feel l ike? This earthquake would feel very obvious and worrying. This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :12:09 GMT -05:00 This study resource was shared via CourseH Question: How can you determine how far