NSG 3500 EXAM 4 TEST PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ estrogen functions: reproductive cycle.
Answer: - follicular (ending with ovulation at day 14) and luteal phases
(ending with menstruation)
- proliferation of uterine endothelium and endocervical mucus
production
⩥ estrogen functions: bones.
Answer: maintenance of bone health by blocking the actions of
osteoclasts
⩥ estrogen functions: cholesterol.
Answer: favors beneficial ratio of HDL:LDL (considered
cardioprotective)
⩥ estrogen functions: coagulation.
Answer: complex, but clinically considered thrombogenic
⩥ progesterone functions.
,Answer: reproductive cycle - luteal phase - secretory phase and
hypertrophy of the endometrium in preparation for implantation of the
zygote
⩥ progesterone - no implantation.
Answer: corpus luteum breaks down, progesterone declines, and
endometrium sheds (menstruation)
⩥ progesterone - implantation.
Answer: corpus luteum and placenta synthesize and release progesterone
to support the endometrial lining and the pregnancy
⩥ uses of estrogen and progesterone.
Answer: - contraception
- menopausal hormone therapy
- gender affirmation and transgender health
- acne
- female hypogonadism
⩥ estrogen treating acne.
Answer: antibiotics used to treat organism and estrogen and/or anti-
androgens are used to block the influence of testosterone
,⩥ estrogen treating hypogonadism.
Answer: in absence of estrogen therapy, secondary sex characteristics
will not develop - estrogen administered exogenously
⩥ composition of combination pills for contraception.
Answer: estradiol
AND
1 of 4 generations of progestins to prevent ovulation
⩥ combination pills MOA.
Answer: - 28 day cycle (21 active medication and 7 placebo)
- placebo pills initiate menstruation
- prevent ovulation
⩥ 2 ways to eliminate menstruation.
Answer: 1) take an extended cycle oral contraception
2) take a monophastic oral contraceptive and skip placebo pills
⩥ example of extended cycle oral contraceptive.
Answer: LoSeasonique
, - 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol
- 0.1 mg levonorgestrel
$$$
⩥ example of monophasic oral contraceptive.
Answer: Lutera
- 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol
- 0.1 mg levonorgestrel
cheaper
⩥ initiation criteria for combination pills.
Answer: - if within 5 days of starting menstruation, no backup method
needed
- if greater than 5 days of starting menstruation, 7 days of
abstinence/backup method
⩥ estrogen side effects.
Answer: nausea, breast tenderness, swelling
⩥ progestin side effects.
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ estrogen functions: reproductive cycle.
Answer: - follicular (ending with ovulation at day 14) and luteal phases
(ending with menstruation)
- proliferation of uterine endothelium and endocervical mucus
production
⩥ estrogen functions: bones.
Answer: maintenance of bone health by blocking the actions of
osteoclasts
⩥ estrogen functions: cholesterol.
Answer: favors beneficial ratio of HDL:LDL (considered
cardioprotective)
⩥ estrogen functions: coagulation.
Answer: complex, but clinically considered thrombogenic
⩥ progesterone functions.
,Answer: reproductive cycle - luteal phase - secretory phase and
hypertrophy of the endometrium in preparation for implantation of the
zygote
⩥ progesterone - no implantation.
Answer: corpus luteum breaks down, progesterone declines, and
endometrium sheds (menstruation)
⩥ progesterone - implantation.
Answer: corpus luteum and placenta synthesize and release progesterone
to support the endometrial lining and the pregnancy
⩥ uses of estrogen and progesterone.
Answer: - contraception
- menopausal hormone therapy
- gender affirmation and transgender health
- acne
- female hypogonadism
⩥ estrogen treating acne.
Answer: antibiotics used to treat organism and estrogen and/or anti-
androgens are used to block the influence of testosterone
,⩥ estrogen treating hypogonadism.
Answer: in absence of estrogen therapy, secondary sex characteristics
will not develop - estrogen administered exogenously
⩥ composition of combination pills for contraception.
Answer: estradiol
AND
1 of 4 generations of progestins to prevent ovulation
⩥ combination pills MOA.
Answer: - 28 day cycle (21 active medication and 7 placebo)
- placebo pills initiate menstruation
- prevent ovulation
⩥ 2 ways to eliminate menstruation.
Answer: 1) take an extended cycle oral contraception
2) take a monophastic oral contraceptive and skip placebo pills
⩥ example of extended cycle oral contraceptive.
Answer: LoSeasonique
, - 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol
- 0.1 mg levonorgestrel
$$$
⩥ example of monophasic oral contraceptive.
Answer: Lutera
- 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol
- 0.1 mg levonorgestrel
cheaper
⩥ initiation criteria for combination pills.
Answer: - if within 5 days of starting menstruation, no backup method
needed
- if greater than 5 days of starting menstruation, 7 days of
abstinence/backup method
⩥ estrogen side effects.
Answer: nausea, breast tenderness, swelling
⩥ progestin side effects.
