NSG3160 / NSG 3160 EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
NSG3160 / NSG 3160
EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4:
| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS|
GRADE A| PACKAGE DEAL
2026/2027 Official Exam
A+ Verified 2026/2027 Edition Passing Score: 80%
COVER PAGE - 1
,SECTIONS COVERED
Section 1: Health Assessment & Vital Signs (Questions 1-10)
Section 2: Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance (Questions 11-20)
Section 3: Cardiovascular & Respiratory Disorders (Questions 21-30)
Section 4: Pharmacology & Medication Administration (Questions 31-40)
Section 5: Infection Control, Safety & Nursing Process (Questions 41-50)
NSG3160 / NSG 3160 EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4: | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| PACKAGE DEAL
2026/2027 Official Exam | Undergraduate Nursing | Application/Analysis Level
Each question is worth 1 mark. Total: 50 marks. Passing score: 80% (40 correct).
Select the single best answer for each question. All questions are scenario-based.
SECTION 1: Health Assessment & Vital Signs
Q1
Q1. A 68-year-old client is admitted with reports of dizziness upon standing. The nurse obtains a blood pressure of
142/88 mm Hg while the client is supine and 118/72 mm Hg after standing for two minutes. The nurse recognizes that
this finding most accurately indicates which physiologic response?
A. compensatory increase in cardiac output due to volume expansion
B. Expected age-related decline in systolic pressure with position change
C. Paradoxical hypertension triggered by autonomic nervous system overactivity
D. Orthostatic hypotension secondary to impaired baroreceptor response
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A drop of 20 mm Hg or more in systolic pressure or 10 mm Hg in diastolic pressure upon standing defines orthostatic
hypotension. In older adults this commonly results from diminished baroreceptor sensitivity. Option A is incorrect because cardiac
output would decrease, not increase, with postural drop; C misstates the expected directional change; D describes the opposite of the
observed finding.
Q2
Q2. During a focused abdominal assessment of a client with suspected bowel obstruction, the nurse auscultates
high-pitched, tinkling bowel sounds in the right lower quadrant and notes a tympanic percussion note over the same
area. Which interpretation of these findings is most accurate?
Hypoactive peristalsis consistent with paralytic ileus
Normal bowel activity with air-filled loops of intestine
Hyperactive peristalsis proximal to a mechanical obstruction
Fluid-filled bowel loops suggesting possible ascites
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High-pitched tinkling sounds indicate increased peristaltic activity as the bowel attempts to push contents past a
mechanical blockage. Tympanic percussion reflects gas-filled loops proximal to the obstruction. Hypoactive sounds characterize
ileus; normal activity would not produce tinkling quality; fluid produces dullness, not tympany.
, Q3
Q3. A nurse is preparing to measure the apical pulse of a client receiving digoxin. After locating the point of maximal
impulse at the fifth intercostal space midclavicular line, the nurse counts the pulse for a full minute and obtains a rate of
54 beats per minute. Which action should the nurse take next?
A. Document the finding as within normal limits for an adult
B. Reassess the pulse after the client ambulates for five minutes
C. Administer the digoxin and recheck the pulse in 30 minutes
D. Withhold the digoxin dose and notify the health care provider
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A heart rate below 60 beats per minute is a common parameter for holding digoxin because of the risk of bradycardia and
toxicity. Immediate notification allows the provider to evaluate for toxicity or adjust therapy. Documenting as normal, ambulating, or
giving the dose without reassessment would place the client at risk.
Q4
Q4. While assessing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the nurse notes a barrel chest, use of
accessory muscles, and a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute with pursed-lip breathing. Which additional finding
would most strongly support the presence of chronic air trapping?
A. Decreased resonance to percussion over the lung fields
B. Prolonged inspiratory phase relative to the expiratory phase
C. Increased anteroposterior diameter equal to the transverse diameter
D. Presence of fine crackles throughout both lung bases
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic air trapping in COPD produces hyperinflation that equalizes the anteroposterior and transverse chest diameters,
creating the classic barrel chest. Hyperresonance, not decreased resonance, is expected; the expiratory phase is prolonged, not
shortened; crackles are more typical of fluid or fibrosis than pure air trapping.
Q5
Q5. A client returns from surgery and the nurse assesses capillary refill of the right lower extremity. After applying gentle
pressure to the nail bed of the great toe for three seconds, the color returns in four seconds. The nurse interprets this
finding as indicating which circulatory status?
A. Adequate peripheral perfusion with normal refill time
B. Venous congestion secondary to dependent positioning
C. Expected postoperative change related to anesthesia residual
D. Delayed capillary refill suggesting impaired arterial flow
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Normal capillary refill is two seconds or less. A refill time of four seconds indicates sluggish arterial perfusion and warrants
further assessment of pulses, temperature, and color. Venous issues produce different signs such as edema; anesthesia does not
typically prolong capillary refill to this degree.
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - EXAM
NSG3160 / NSG 3160
EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4:
| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS|
GRADE A| PACKAGE DEAL
2026/2027 Official Exam
A+ Verified 2026/2027 Edition Passing Score: 80%
COVER PAGE - 1
,SECTIONS COVERED
Section 1: Health Assessment & Vital Signs (Questions 1-10)
Section 2: Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid-Base Balance (Questions 11-20)
Section 3: Cardiovascular & Respiratory Disorders (Questions 21-30)
Section 4: Pharmacology & Medication Administration (Questions 31-40)
Section 5: Infection Control, Safety & Nursing Process (Questions 41-50)
NSG3160 / NSG 3160 EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4: | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| PACKAGE DEAL
2026/2027 Official Exam | Undergraduate Nursing | Application/Analysis Level
Each question is worth 1 mark. Total: 50 marks. Passing score: 80% (40 correct).
Select the single best answer for each question. All questions are scenario-based.
SECTION 1: Health Assessment & Vital Signs
Q1
Q1. A 68-year-old client is admitted with reports of dizziness upon standing. The nurse obtains a blood pressure of
142/88 mm Hg while the client is supine and 118/72 mm Hg after standing for two minutes. The nurse recognizes that
this finding most accurately indicates which physiologic response?
A. compensatory increase in cardiac output due to volume expansion
B. Expected age-related decline in systolic pressure with position change
C. Paradoxical hypertension triggered by autonomic nervous system overactivity
D. Orthostatic hypotension secondary to impaired baroreceptor response
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A drop of 20 mm Hg or more in systolic pressure or 10 mm Hg in diastolic pressure upon standing defines orthostatic
hypotension. In older adults this commonly results from diminished baroreceptor sensitivity. Option A is incorrect because cardiac
output would decrease, not increase, with postural drop; C misstates the expected directional change; D describes the opposite of the
observed finding.
Q2
Q2. During a focused abdominal assessment of a client with suspected bowel obstruction, the nurse auscultates
high-pitched, tinkling bowel sounds in the right lower quadrant and notes a tympanic percussion note over the same
area. Which interpretation of these findings is most accurate?
Hypoactive peristalsis consistent with paralytic ileus
Normal bowel activity with air-filled loops of intestine
Hyperactive peristalsis proximal to a mechanical obstruction
Fluid-filled bowel loops suggesting possible ascites
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High-pitched tinkling sounds indicate increased peristaltic activity as the bowel attempts to push contents past a
mechanical blockage. Tympanic percussion reflects gas-filled loops proximal to the obstruction. Hypoactive sounds characterize
ileus; normal activity would not produce tinkling quality; fluid produces dullness, not tympany.
, Q3
Q3. A nurse is preparing to measure the apical pulse of a client receiving digoxin. After locating the point of maximal
impulse at the fifth intercostal space midclavicular line, the nurse counts the pulse for a full minute and obtains a rate of
54 beats per minute. Which action should the nurse take next?
A. Document the finding as within normal limits for an adult
B. Reassess the pulse after the client ambulates for five minutes
C. Administer the digoxin and recheck the pulse in 30 minutes
D. Withhold the digoxin dose and notify the health care provider
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A heart rate below 60 beats per minute is a common parameter for holding digoxin because of the risk of bradycardia and
toxicity. Immediate notification allows the provider to evaluate for toxicity or adjust therapy. Documenting as normal, ambulating, or
giving the dose without reassessment would place the client at risk.
Q4
Q4. While assessing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the nurse notes a barrel chest, use of
accessory muscles, and a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute with pursed-lip breathing. Which additional finding
would most strongly support the presence of chronic air trapping?
A. Decreased resonance to percussion over the lung fields
B. Prolonged inspiratory phase relative to the expiratory phase
C. Increased anteroposterior diameter equal to the transverse diameter
D. Presence of fine crackles throughout both lung bases
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic air trapping in COPD produces hyperinflation that equalizes the anteroposterior and transverse chest diameters,
creating the classic barrel chest. Hyperresonance, not decreased resonance, is expected; the expiratory phase is prolonged, not
shortened; crackles are more typical of fluid or fibrosis than pure air trapping.
Q5
Q5. A client returns from surgery and the nurse assesses capillary refill of the right lower extremity. After applying gentle
pressure to the nail bed of the great toe for three seconds, the color returns in four seconds. The nurse interprets this
finding as indicating which circulatory status?
A. Adequate peripheral perfusion with normal refill time
B. Venous congestion secondary to dependent positioning
C. Expected postoperative change related to anesthesia residual
D. Delayed capillary refill suggesting impaired arterial flow
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Normal capillary refill is two seconds or less. A refill time of four seconds indicates sluggish arterial perfusion and warrants
further assessment of pulses, temperature, and color. Venous issues produce different signs such as edema; anesthesia does not
typically prolong capillary refill to this degree.
