PESTICIDE APPLICATORS LICENSE EXAM 2026 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS ||RECENTLY TESTING REAL EXAM QUESTIONS|VERIFIED SOLUTIONS (100% CORRECT

PESTICIDE APPLICATORS LICENSE EXAM 2026
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS ||RECENTLY
TESTING REAL EXAM QUESTIONS|VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS (100% CORRECT



What types of pesticide uses require the Ag Basic license - ans--Use of general-
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use pesticides to produce plants or plant products intended for human consumption as food
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, where the person applying the pesticides or the employer of the person applying the pestic
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ides derives $1,000 or more in annual gross income from the sale of those commodities
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-Food production applications include -
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Seed treatment through post harvest treatment or washing with disinfectants prior to sale
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What is a pesticide? - ans-Any substance or mixture of substances intended for:
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-preventing,
-destroying,
-repelling, or zx




-mitigating
any pest zx




OR
Any plant regulator, defoliant or desiccant.
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-Does not include fertilizers or nutrients
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-Does not include beneficial organisms
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-Does not include traps or mechanical means
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Disinfectants (peroxides & bleaches) zx zx zx




Herbicides &Growth Regulators zx zx




Rat & mouse baits
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Fungicides
Insecticides
Botanicals
Biological controls zx




Deer and rabbit repellents
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Insect repellents zx




Plant incorporated protectants
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-Bt corn has one or more Bacillus thuringiensis crystalline proteins engineered into it
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What is a pest? - ans--Bacteria, viruses (germs)
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-Fungi, plant diseases zx zx




-Weeds

,-Insects, mites, etc. zx zx




-Birds
-Deer, rodents, etc. zx zx




Using products not labeled as pesticides - ans-
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Home chemistry is not recommended by the BPCzx zx zx zx zx zx zx




-Many of the materials used seem "safe" because we eat them or use them on our skin
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-Exposure routes may be different zx zx zx zx




- ie What we eat may not be safe to breathe
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Use of products not labeled as pesticides
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-
Anyone applying products to commercial food crops that have not been properly evaluated
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runs the risk of a food safety incident, illegal residues, and an embargoed crop
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What products are NOT pesticides? - ans--Insect parasitic nematodes
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-Rodent or insect traps zx zx zx




=Beneficial insects or mites zx zx zx




Benefits of Pesticides - ans-•Aesthetics zx zx zx zxzx




•Healthy saleable plants zx zx




•Bountiful harvest zx




•Nuisance or public heath pest control zx zx zx zx zx




Concerns with Pesticide Dependence Past, Present and Future - ans--Pest resistance
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-Environmental persistence zx




-Bioaccumulation: when a chemical accumulates in animal tissues zx zx zx zx zx zx zx




-
Biomagnification: when an organism accumulates residues at higher concentrations than t zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx




he organisms they consume
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-Misuse
-Secondary pest outbreaks zx zx




-Non-target/Beneficial organism effects zx zx




Pest Resurgence zx




However, during the 1970's it became obvious that relying completely on pesticides for pest
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management could have some negative impacts.
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It was noticed that when certain pesticides were used repeatedly, some pests were no long
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er controlled by the pesticide. The pests had developed resistance to the chemical. Since th
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e 1970's, pest resistance has surfaced in weed species, plant pathogens and insect pests.
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A prime example is the Colorado potato beetle which has developed resistance to every ma
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jor group of insecticides, making the older chemical compounds nearly useless as pest ma
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nagement tools for Colorado potato beetle. zx zx zx zx zx




In her book Silent Spring, Rachel Carson discussed environmental concerns about the sta
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bility and persistence of DDT and other chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides.
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, DDT and its relative compounds were also found to be stored in fat cells of insects, fish, bird
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s, rodents and other animals. DDT didn't break down in fat cells. This is known as bioaccum
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ulation.
Some organisms accumulate chemical residues in higher concentrations than those found
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in their food source. This process is called biomagnification. For example, invertebrates wit
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h pesticides in their tissues are eaten by fish, which are then eaten by birds. The birds at the
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top of the food chain accumulate the highest concentration of pesticide residues. Pesticide
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s that bioaccumulate and biomagnify have been removed from the marketplace.
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How is Risk Determined? - ans-Animal Testing
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Risk and exposure zx zx




LD 50 and LC 50 zx zx zx zx




-LD50 = the dose of a substance that kills 50% of a population of test animals
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-measured in milligrams of toxicant per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx zx




-
LC50 = concentration of a substance in air, food or water that kills 50% of a test population,
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measured in parts per million zx zx zx zx




Smaller LD 50= MORE toxic zx zx zx zx




LD50 and LC50 are laboratory experiments that measure the dose it takes to kill 50 percent
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of the test animals.
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For example purposes, let's say we have three populations of laboratory rats. Through oral
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exposure, we feed 100 rats each a particular dose of the toxicant and we have three differe
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nt groups. One group gets 100 mg/kg, another 10 mg/kg and the last group 1 mg/
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kg. After 24 hours the test rats are evaluated for any negative effect and the dead rats are co
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unted. The group of rats that has 50% of its group living and 50% dead was fed the lethal do
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se 50. So this dose, 10mg/kg in this example, is the LD50 for that chemical.
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These studies are performed for skin and oral exposures and stated in LD50, lethal dose 50
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. Inhalation is measured by putting a concentration in the air or water, so the measure is the
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LC50 or lethal concentration for 50% of the test animals.
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Eye toxicity studies are done as well.
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So the scientists actually have a number for known dose for the LD50. The lower the LD50 v
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alue the more toxic the product. You don't find the LD50 on the label, but EPA sets the signa
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l word based on LD50 values.
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LD50 and LC50 have limitations because... - ans--
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they only measure death rates, not less serious acute effects
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-they do not translate directly to humans
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-they only measure effects of a single exposure, not multiple exposures
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-
must also consider actual rates of application and the potential dose to which a person coul
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d be exposed
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