NR 283 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
FOR 2026-2027 ASSURED EXCEL!!
1. Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Hypoxia
2. Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a result
of ischemia in the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. Gangrenous
3. Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel walls.
- CORRECT ANSWERS-C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small
increments.
4. Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
, A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Dominant
5. Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water into
cells, thus making the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Hypertonic
6. Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Potassium
7. Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWERS-
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
8. The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
, A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - CORRECT ANSWERS-A.
Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
9. Hyperkalemiarisrpresentrwhenrtherlevelrofrpotassiumrinrtherbloodrisrhigherrthanr______mE
q/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
C. 5.1
D. 6.1r-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-C.r5.1
10. 1.Thernurserpractitionerranticipatesrwhichrofrtherfollowingrclientsrwouldrbermostratrriskrtord
eveloprhyperkalemia?rTherclient:
A. Justrdiagnosedrwithrcirrhosis.
B. Whorhasrhadrdiarrhearforrtherlastrfourrdays.
C. Withrchronicrrenalrfailure.
D. Withrintestinalrandrnasogastricrsuctioning.r-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
C.rWithrchronicrrenalrfailure.
11. 1Thernurserunderstandsrthatrarclientrwithralbuminuriarhasredemarcausedrbyra:
A. Fallrinrplasmarcolloidalrosmoticrpressure
B. Fallrinrtissuerhydrostaticrpressure
C. Riserinrtissuercolloidalrosmoticrpressure
D. Riserinrplasmarhydrostaticrpressurer-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
A.rFallrinrplasmarcolloidalrosmoticrpressure
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
FOR 2026-2027 ASSURED EXCEL!!
1. Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Hypoxia
2. Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a result
of ischemia in the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - CORRECT ANSWERS-D. Gangrenous
3. Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel walls.
- CORRECT ANSWERS-C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small
increments.
4. Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
, A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Dominant
5. Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water into
cells, thus making the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS-B. Hypertonic
6. Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - CORRECT ANSWERS-A. Potassium
7. Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWERS-
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
8. The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
, A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - CORRECT ANSWERS-A.
Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
9. Hyperkalemiarisrpresentrwhenrtherlevelrofrpotassiumrinrtherbloodrisrhigherrthanr______mE
q/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
C. 5.1
D. 6.1r-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-C.r5.1
10. 1.Thernurserpractitionerranticipatesrwhichrofrtherfollowingrclientsrwouldrbermostratrriskrtord
eveloprhyperkalemia?rTherclient:
A. Justrdiagnosedrwithrcirrhosis.
B. Whorhasrhadrdiarrhearforrtherlastrfourrdays.
C. Withrchronicrrenalrfailure.
D. Withrintestinalrandrnasogastricrsuctioning.r-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
C.rWithrchronicrrenalrfailure.
11. 1Thernurserunderstandsrthatrarclientrwithralbuminuriarhasredemarcausedrbyra:
A. Fallrinrplasmarcolloidalrosmoticrpressure
B. Fallrinrtissuerhydrostaticrpressure
C. Riserinrtissuercolloidalrosmoticrpressure
D. Riserinrplasmarhydrostaticrpressurer-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
A.rFallrinrplasmarcolloidalrosmoticrpressure
