AMERICAN RED CROSS-PALS-FINAL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Axschildxsexperiencingxsbradycardiaxswithxsinadequatexsperfusionxsdespitexssupportingxso
xygenationxsandxsventilationxsisxsreceivingxscompressions.xsDespitexsthesexsefforts,xsthex
schild'sxsstatusxsremainsxsunchanged.xsWhichxsmedicationxswouldxsthexsemergencyxsres
ponsexsteamxsexpectxstoxsadministerxsnext?xs-xsxsans-Epinephrine
Axs12-year-
oldxsisxsbeingxstreatedxsinxsthexsurgentxscarexsclinic.xsThexsmotherxsreportsxsthatxsthexschil
dxscamexshomexsfromxsschoolxsyesterdayxswithxsaxshighxsfever,xsvomitingxsandxsmultiplexs
episodesxsofxswateryxsdiarrhea.xsThexshealthcarexsproviderxsobtainsxsaxsrhythmxsstripxsan
dxsnotesxsthexsfollowingxswaveform.xsThexsproviderxsinterpretsxsthisxsasxswhichxstypexsofxs
arrhythmia?xs-xsxsans-Sinusxstachycardia
AfterxsROSC,xsaxschildxsisxsexperiencingxspost-
cardiacxsarrestxshypoperfusion.xsThexsPALSxsresuscitationxsteamxswouldxsadministerxswh
ichxselementxstoxsrestorexsintravascularxsvolumexsandxsoptimizexspreload?xs-xsxsans-
Isotonicxsfluidxsboluses
Axs30-
monthxsoldxschildxshasxsbeenxsdiagnosedxswithxsmoderatexscroup.xsWhichxsmedication(s)
xswouldxsthexsproviderxsadminister?xs-xsxsans--Nebulizedxsepinephrine
-Corticosteroids
Axs2-year-
oldxschildxsisxsbroughtxstoxsthexspediatricxsurgentxscarexsclinicxsbyxsthexsparentxswhoxssay
sxsthatxsthexschildxshasxshadxsaxsbarkingxscoughxsforxstwoxsdays.xsDuringxsthexsrapidxsass
essmentxsofxsthexschild,xsthexsproviderxshearsxsaudiblexsinspiratoryxsstridor.xsWhichxscom
monxscausexsofxspartialxsupperxsairwayxsobstructionxsinxschildrenxswouldxsthexsproviderxs
mostxslikelyxssuspect?xs-xsxsans-Croup
AxsPALSxsresuscitationxsteamxsisxspreparingxstoxsdefibrillatexsaxschildxsexperiencingxscard
iacxsarrest.xsForxswhichxsrhythm(s)xswouldxsthisxsactionxsbexsappropriate?xs-xsxsans--
Ventricularxsfibrillationxs(VF)xs-Pulselessxsventricularxstachycardiaxs(pVT)
Anxsadvancedxsairwayxswasxsplacedxsinxsaxs5-year-
oldxschild.xsWhichxsaction(s)xswouldxsbexsmostxsappropriatexsforxsthexsteamxstoxstakexstoxs
, confirmxscorrectxsplacement?xs-xsxsans--
Auscultatexsoverxsthexslungsxsandxsepigastriumxsforxsairxsmovement.
-Observexsforxsbilateralxschestxsrise.
-Evaluatexsresultsxsofxscapnography.
Whatxsisxsconsideredxsinadequatexsperfusionxswhenxsassessing/
caringxsforxsaxspediatricxspatientxswithxsanxsarrhythmia?xs-xsxsans--
Acutelyxsalteredxsmentalxsstatus
-Diminishedxsperipheralxspulses
-Hypotension
Axs2-year-
oldxschildxsarrivesxsatxsthexsemergencyxsdepartmentxswithxsthexsparents.xsThexschildxsisxs
unresponsive,xsisxsnotxsbreathingxsandxshasxsnoxspulse.xsTwoxsemergencyxsdepartmentxs
providersxsbeginxshigh-
qualityxsCPR.xsWhichxsaction(s)xsbyxsthexsprovidersxsdemonstratesxshigh-qualityxsCPR?
xs-xsxsans--Providingxsventilationsxsthatxslastxsaboutxs1xssecondxseach
-Compressingxsthexschestxsaboutxs2xsinches
-Givingxs2xsventilationsxstoxseveryxs15xscompressions
-Allowingxsthexschestxstoxsrecoilxsfullyxsafterxseachxscompression
Axsproviderxsisxscaringxsforxsaxs4-year-
oldxschildxsinxsthexsurgentxscarexsclinic.xsPrimaryxsassessmentxsrevealsxsdifficultyxsbreathi
ngxsandxsanxsoxygenxssaturationxsofxs91%.xsThexsproviderxsadministersxsoxygenxsbyxsnas
alxscannulaxswithxsthexsgoalxsofxsimprovingxsthexschild'sxsoxygenxssaturationxstoxswhatxspe
rcentagexsrange?xs-xsxsans-94%xstoxs99%
Axs7-year-
oldxschildxscollapsesxsonxsthexsplaygroundxsatxsschool.xsThexsschoolxsnursexsisxscalledxsto
xsthexsscenexsandxsdeterminesxsthatxsthexschildxsisxsunresponsivexsandxsisxsnotxsbreathin
gxsandxshasxsnoxspulse.xsThexsnursexsinitiatesxsCPR.xsAtxswhatxsratexsandxsdepthxswouldx
sthexsnursexsdeliverxscompressionsxstoxsthisxschild?xs-xsxsans-
100xstoxs120xscompressionsxsperxsminutexsatxsaxsdepthxsofxsaboutxs2xsinches
Axs4-year-
oldxschildxssuddenlyxscollapsesxsinxsthexsplayroomxsofxsthexsfacility.xsAxshealthcarexsprovi
derxsobservesxsthexseventxsandxshurriesxsoverxstoxsassessxsthexschild.xsThexshealthcarexs
providerxscompletesxswhichxsassessmentxsfirst?xs-xsxsans-Rapidxsassessment
ThexsPALSxsteamxsleaderxsisxsconductingxsaxsdebriefingxssessionxswithxsthexsteam.xsWhi
chxstopic(s)xswouldxsthexsteamxsleaderxsmostxslikelyxsaddressxsduringxsthexssession?xs-
xsxsans--Evaluationxsofxsthexsobjectivexsdataxsgatheredxsduringxsthexsevent
-Discussionxsofxsthexsprosxsandxsconsxsofxsthexsinterventions
-Summaryxsofxsthexsevent,xsincludingxswhatxsactionsxswerexstaken
-Identificationxsofxswaysxstoxsimprove
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Axschildxsexperiencingxsbradycardiaxswithxsinadequatexsperfusionxsdespitexssupportingxso
xygenationxsandxsventilationxsisxsreceivingxscompressions.xsDespitexsthesexsefforts,xsthex
schild'sxsstatusxsremainsxsunchanged.xsWhichxsmedicationxswouldxsthexsemergencyxsres
ponsexsteamxsexpectxstoxsadministerxsnext?xs-xsxsans-Epinephrine
Axs12-year-
oldxsisxsbeingxstreatedxsinxsthexsurgentxscarexsclinic.xsThexsmotherxsreportsxsthatxsthexschil
dxscamexshomexsfromxsschoolxsyesterdayxswithxsaxshighxsfever,xsvomitingxsandxsmultiplexs
episodesxsofxswateryxsdiarrhea.xsThexshealthcarexsproviderxsobtainsxsaxsrhythmxsstripxsan
dxsnotesxsthexsfollowingxswaveform.xsThexsproviderxsinterpretsxsthisxsasxswhichxstypexsofxs
arrhythmia?xs-xsxsans-Sinusxstachycardia
AfterxsROSC,xsaxschildxsisxsexperiencingxspost-
cardiacxsarrestxshypoperfusion.xsThexsPALSxsresuscitationxsteamxswouldxsadministerxswh
ichxselementxstoxsrestorexsintravascularxsvolumexsandxsoptimizexspreload?xs-xsxsans-
Isotonicxsfluidxsboluses
Axs30-
monthxsoldxschildxshasxsbeenxsdiagnosedxswithxsmoderatexscroup.xsWhichxsmedication(s)
xswouldxsthexsproviderxsadminister?xs-xsxsans--Nebulizedxsepinephrine
-Corticosteroids
Axs2-year-
oldxschildxsisxsbroughtxstoxsthexspediatricxsurgentxscarexsclinicxsbyxsthexsparentxswhoxssay
sxsthatxsthexschildxshasxshadxsaxsbarkingxscoughxsforxstwoxsdays.xsDuringxsthexsrapidxsass
essmentxsofxsthexschild,xsthexsproviderxshearsxsaudiblexsinspiratoryxsstridor.xsWhichxscom
monxscausexsofxspartialxsupperxsairwayxsobstructionxsinxschildrenxswouldxsthexsproviderxs
mostxslikelyxssuspect?xs-xsxsans-Croup
AxsPALSxsresuscitationxsteamxsisxspreparingxstoxsdefibrillatexsaxschildxsexperiencingxscard
iacxsarrest.xsForxswhichxsrhythm(s)xswouldxsthisxsactionxsbexsappropriate?xs-xsxsans--
Ventricularxsfibrillationxs(VF)xs-Pulselessxsventricularxstachycardiaxs(pVT)
Anxsadvancedxsairwayxswasxsplacedxsinxsaxs5-year-
oldxschild.xsWhichxsaction(s)xswouldxsbexsmostxsappropriatexsforxsthexsteamxstoxstakexstoxs
, confirmxscorrectxsplacement?xs-xsxsans--
Auscultatexsoverxsthexslungsxsandxsepigastriumxsforxsairxsmovement.
-Observexsforxsbilateralxschestxsrise.
-Evaluatexsresultsxsofxscapnography.
Whatxsisxsconsideredxsinadequatexsperfusionxswhenxsassessing/
caringxsforxsaxspediatricxspatientxswithxsanxsarrhythmia?xs-xsxsans--
Acutelyxsalteredxsmentalxsstatus
-Diminishedxsperipheralxspulses
-Hypotension
Axs2-year-
oldxschildxsarrivesxsatxsthexsemergencyxsdepartmentxswithxsthexsparents.xsThexschildxsisxs
unresponsive,xsisxsnotxsbreathingxsandxshasxsnoxspulse.xsTwoxsemergencyxsdepartmentxs
providersxsbeginxshigh-
qualityxsCPR.xsWhichxsaction(s)xsbyxsthexsprovidersxsdemonstratesxshigh-qualityxsCPR?
xs-xsxsans--Providingxsventilationsxsthatxslastxsaboutxs1xssecondxseach
-Compressingxsthexschestxsaboutxs2xsinches
-Givingxs2xsventilationsxstoxseveryxs15xscompressions
-Allowingxsthexschestxstoxsrecoilxsfullyxsafterxseachxscompression
Axsproviderxsisxscaringxsforxsaxs4-year-
oldxschildxsinxsthexsurgentxscarexsclinic.xsPrimaryxsassessmentxsrevealsxsdifficultyxsbreathi
ngxsandxsanxsoxygenxssaturationxsofxs91%.xsThexsproviderxsadministersxsoxygenxsbyxsnas
alxscannulaxswithxsthexsgoalxsofxsimprovingxsthexschild'sxsoxygenxssaturationxstoxswhatxspe
rcentagexsrange?xs-xsxsans-94%xstoxs99%
Axs7-year-
oldxschildxscollapsesxsonxsthexsplaygroundxsatxsschool.xsThexsschoolxsnursexsisxscalledxsto
xsthexsscenexsandxsdeterminesxsthatxsthexschildxsisxsunresponsivexsandxsisxsnotxsbreathin
gxsandxshasxsnoxspulse.xsThexsnursexsinitiatesxsCPR.xsAtxswhatxsratexsandxsdepthxswouldx
sthexsnursexsdeliverxscompressionsxstoxsthisxschild?xs-xsxsans-
100xstoxs120xscompressionsxsperxsminutexsatxsaxsdepthxsofxsaboutxs2xsinches
Axs4-year-
oldxschildxssuddenlyxscollapsesxsinxsthexsplayroomxsofxsthexsfacility.xsAxshealthcarexsprovi
derxsobservesxsthexseventxsandxshurriesxsoverxstoxsassessxsthexschild.xsThexshealthcarexs
providerxscompletesxswhichxsassessmentxsfirst?xs-xsxsans-Rapidxsassessment
ThexsPALSxsteamxsleaderxsisxsconductingxsaxsdebriefingxssessionxswithxsthexsteam.xsWhi
chxstopic(s)xswouldxsthexsteamxsleaderxsmostxslikelyxsaddressxsduringxsthexssession?xs-
xsxsans--Evaluationxsofxsthexsobjectivexsdataxsgatheredxsduringxsthexsevent
-Discussionxsofxsthexsprosxsandxsconsxsofxsthexsinterventions
-Summaryxsofxsthexsevent,xsincludingxswhatxsactionsxswerexstaken
-Identificationxsofxswaysxstoxsimprove
