What is lung compliance? What factors affect it?
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Lung compliance is the ease with which lungs can be inflated. Elastin,
collagen, elastic recoil, and surface tension can affect lung compliance.
What is atelectasis?
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Atelectasis is an incomplete expansion of a lung, or portion of lung, caused
by airway obstruction or lung compression.
,Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment
of pulmonary embolism.
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1. Path:
- substance lodges in branch of pulmonary artery and obstructs blood
flow. It causes obstruction of blood flow which leads
to impaired gas exchange and vasoconstriction in the lungs. Leads to
pulmonary
hypertension and right heart failure.
VIRCHOW TRIAD: 3 factors that predispose to venous thrombosis
1. antithrombin III deficiency
2. protein c and s deficiency
3. factor V leiden Mutation
2. presentation
- chest pain, dyspnea, cough, increased respiratory rate
3. diagnosis
- medical history, ABGs (arterial blood gas analysis), lung scan, ECG,
4. treatment
- anticoagulant therapy (lovenox), thrombolytic therapy.
- compression stocking to prevent venous stasis
Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment
of COPD.
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, 1. Pathology: inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall, hypertrophy of
the submucosal glands and hypersecretion of mucus, and loss of elastic
lung fibers and alveolar tissue. This airflow obstruction causes a mismatch in
ventilation and perfusion. Alveolar tissue destruction leads to a decreased
surface area for gas exchange.
2. Clinical presentation:
- fatigue, exercise intolerance, cough, sputum
-Viral or bacterial infections, respiratory infections and chronic respiratory
failure
3. diagnosis:
1. history, physical exam, PFTs, chest xray, lab tests
4. treatment
- stop smoking to slow disease progression
- pneumonia and flu vax
- inhaled short and long acting bronchodilators, to relax airway smooth
muscle
- oxygen therapy when PCO2 levels drop below 55 mmHg
What is atopy?
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Atopy is the genetic tendency for developing IgE-mediated
hypersensitivity reactions in response to environmental allergens. It is one
of the strongest predisposing factors for developing asthma.
What are the levels of branching?
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Give this one a try later!
Lung compliance is the ease with which lungs can be inflated. Elastin,
collagen, elastic recoil, and surface tension can affect lung compliance.
What is atelectasis?
Give this one a try later!
Atelectasis is an incomplete expansion of a lung, or portion of lung, caused
by airway obstruction or lung compression.
,Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment
of pulmonary embolism.
Give this one a try later!
1. Path:
- substance lodges in branch of pulmonary artery and obstructs blood
flow. It causes obstruction of blood flow which leads
to impaired gas exchange and vasoconstriction in the lungs. Leads to
pulmonary
hypertension and right heart failure.
VIRCHOW TRIAD: 3 factors that predispose to venous thrombosis
1. antithrombin III deficiency
2. protein c and s deficiency
3. factor V leiden Mutation
2. presentation
- chest pain, dyspnea, cough, increased respiratory rate
3. diagnosis
- medical history, ABGs (arterial blood gas analysis), lung scan, ECG,
4. treatment
- anticoagulant therapy (lovenox), thrombolytic therapy.
- compression stocking to prevent venous stasis
Be familiar with the disease pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment
of COPD.
Give this one a try later!
, 1. Pathology: inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall, hypertrophy of
the submucosal glands and hypersecretion of mucus, and loss of elastic
lung fibers and alveolar tissue. This airflow obstruction causes a mismatch in
ventilation and perfusion. Alveolar tissue destruction leads to a decreased
surface area for gas exchange.
2. Clinical presentation:
- fatigue, exercise intolerance, cough, sputum
-Viral or bacterial infections, respiratory infections and chronic respiratory
failure
3. diagnosis:
1. history, physical exam, PFTs, chest xray, lab tests
4. treatment
- stop smoking to slow disease progression
- pneumonia and flu vax
- inhaled short and long acting bronchodilators, to relax airway smooth
muscle
- oxygen therapy when PCO2 levels drop below 55 mmHg
What is atopy?
Give this one a try later!
Atopy is the genetic tendency for developing IgE-mediated
hypersensitivity reactions in response to environmental allergens. It is one
of the strongest predisposing factors for developing asthma.
What are the levels of branching?
Give this one a try later!
