CPO EXAM SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Superior Rectus. Answer: Its primary action is to move the eye
upward.
◉ Superior Oblique. Answer: Rotates eye down and inward
◉ Inferior Oblique. Answer: Rotates eye up and outward
◉ Anterior Chamber. Answer: The area inside the eye, behind the
cornea, and in front of the iris.
◉ Aqueous humor. Answer: a clear, watery fluid produced by the
ciliary body. It provides nutrients for the lens and posterior cornea.
◉ Choroid. Answer: Sandwiched between the sclera and the retina.
This nourishes the retina.
◉ Conjunctiva. Answer: clear, cellophane-like tissue that covers the
sclera and the inside surface of the eyelids. The *palpebral* _______
lines the lids, while the *bulbar* _______ covers the sclera.
,◉ Fovea Centralis. Answer: Area in the macula where visual acuity is
the sharpest.
◉ Macula. Answer: The central part of the retina, which is used for
seeing detail.
◉ Posterior Chamber. Answer: The area behind the iris and in front
of the lens.
◉ Rods. Answer: Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision
and are the most sensitive.
◉ Cones. Answer: Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and
for clear central vision.
◉ Sclera. Answer: The white portion of the eye made up of a tough,
fibrous tissue that gives shape and structure to the eyeball.
◉ Vitreous Humor. Answer: A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that
fills the eye between the lens and the retina. This serves to support
the retina and helps keep the eye round.
,◉ Ocular Adnexa. Answer: The adjacent structures of the eye, such
as eyelids, lashes, eyebrows, lacrimal apparatus, tarsal plates, orbit,
extraocular muscles and conjunctiva.
◉ Sinuses. Answer: Air spaces within the bones.
◉ Lacrimal Gland. Answer: The gland that supplies most of the tears
to the eye.
◉ Lacrimal Duct. Answer: The drainage system for tears.
◉ Nasolacrimal Duct. Answer: The drainage system for the tears to
leave the eye.
◉ Amblyopia. Answer: A loss of vision in one or both eyes.
◉ Aphakia. Answer: When a cataract progress to the degree that it
interferes with vision, the crystalline lens can be surgically removed.
Absence of the lens in the eye.
◉ Chalazion. Answer: As the inflammation resolves in a hordeolum,
it will sometimes leave a granuloma (small lump).
, ◉ Blepharitis. Answer: Inflammation of the lid margin.
◉ Diabetic Retinopathy. Answer: Due to poor blood circulation that
occurs with diabetes mellitus, new blood vessel growth often
develops in the retina.
◉ Esotropia. Answer: A form of strabismus in which one or both
eyes turn inward.
◉ Flashes or floaters. Answer: Caused by mechanical stimulation of
the nerves in the retina.
◉ Glaucoma. Answer: A condition in which the optic nerve is
damaged from increased ocular pressure.
◉ Hordeolum. Answer: Commonly known as a stye, occurs when
pores in the eyelid become blocked and inflamed. This essentially is
a "pimple" in the eyelid.
◉ Keratoconus. Answer: The cornea thins and bulges forward.
◉ Nystagmus. Answer: A vision condition in which the eyes make
repetitive, uncontrolled movements, often resulting in reduced
vision.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Superior Rectus. Answer: Its primary action is to move the eye
upward.
◉ Superior Oblique. Answer: Rotates eye down and inward
◉ Inferior Oblique. Answer: Rotates eye up and outward
◉ Anterior Chamber. Answer: The area inside the eye, behind the
cornea, and in front of the iris.
◉ Aqueous humor. Answer: a clear, watery fluid produced by the
ciliary body. It provides nutrients for the lens and posterior cornea.
◉ Choroid. Answer: Sandwiched between the sclera and the retina.
This nourishes the retina.
◉ Conjunctiva. Answer: clear, cellophane-like tissue that covers the
sclera and the inside surface of the eyelids. The *palpebral* _______
lines the lids, while the *bulbar* _______ covers the sclera.
,◉ Fovea Centralis. Answer: Area in the macula where visual acuity is
the sharpest.
◉ Macula. Answer: The central part of the retina, which is used for
seeing detail.
◉ Posterior Chamber. Answer: The area behind the iris and in front
of the lens.
◉ Rods. Answer: Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision
and are the most sensitive.
◉ Cones. Answer: Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and
for clear central vision.
◉ Sclera. Answer: The white portion of the eye made up of a tough,
fibrous tissue that gives shape and structure to the eyeball.
◉ Vitreous Humor. Answer: A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that
fills the eye between the lens and the retina. This serves to support
the retina and helps keep the eye round.
,◉ Ocular Adnexa. Answer: The adjacent structures of the eye, such
as eyelids, lashes, eyebrows, lacrimal apparatus, tarsal plates, orbit,
extraocular muscles and conjunctiva.
◉ Sinuses. Answer: Air spaces within the bones.
◉ Lacrimal Gland. Answer: The gland that supplies most of the tears
to the eye.
◉ Lacrimal Duct. Answer: The drainage system for tears.
◉ Nasolacrimal Duct. Answer: The drainage system for the tears to
leave the eye.
◉ Amblyopia. Answer: A loss of vision in one or both eyes.
◉ Aphakia. Answer: When a cataract progress to the degree that it
interferes with vision, the crystalline lens can be surgically removed.
Absence of the lens in the eye.
◉ Chalazion. Answer: As the inflammation resolves in a hordeolum,
it will sometimes leave a granuloma (small lump).
, ◉ Blepharitis. Answer: Inflammation of the lid margin.
◉ Diabetic Retinopathy. Answer: Due to poor blood circulation that
occurs with diabetes mellitus, new blood vessel growth often
develops in the retina.
◉ Esotropia. Answer: A form of strabismus in which one or both
eyes turn inward.
◉ Flashes or floaters. Answer: Caused by mechanical stimulation of
the nerves in the retina.
◉ Glaucoma. Answer: A condition in which the optic nerve is
damaged from increased ocular pressure.
◉ Hordeolum. Answer: Commonly known as a stye, occurs when
pores in the eyelid become blocked and inflamed. This essentially is
a "pimple" in the eyelid.
◉ Keratoconus. Answer: The cornea thins and bulges forward.
◉ Nystagmus. Answer: A vision condition in which the eyes make
repetitive, uncontrolled movements, often resulting in reduced
vision.
