CGDR STUDY GUIDE SET QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Write a brief description of the terms "growth" and "development." - (answer)Growth refers to specific
body changes and increases in the child's size, such as a child's height, weight, head circumference, and
body mass index.
Development typically refers to an increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to more
complicated.
True or False: Growth proceeds from the center of the body outward. - (answer)False
True or False: At birth, the brain, heart, and spinal cord are fully functioning. - (answer)True
True or False: The finger and toe muscles develop before the arm and leg muscles. - (answer)True
True or False: Children differ in their growth. - (answer)True
True or False: Children grow at perfectly steady rates. - (answer)False
Name and give an example of each of the five basic principles of child growth and development. -
(answer)1. Similar developmental sequence for all (i.e they develop in similar ways at similar times)
2. Development proceeds from General to Specific (Children gain specific abilities as they develop
further)
3. Development is continuous (As children develop new skills, they become the basis for more new
behaviors and skills)
4. Development proceeds at different rates (Each child is different and grows differently)
5. All areas of development are interrelated (The body has to grow and develop before new skills and
behaviors can occur)
Explain at least one implication of a development principle as it relates to children's learning. -
(answer)Knowing the way in which a child develops is important in order to understand where they
should be and how you can encourage growth in those areas.
, CGDR STUDY GUIDE SET QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Name each stage of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and include an example for an individual as well as
family. - (answer)1. Physical: Rest, food, employment, etc.
2. Comfort and Safety: Transportation, home, safe relationships
3. Social: Sense of belonging, parent-child relationship
4. Self-Esteem: Sense of competency for parents, ability to cope and problem solve
5. Self-Actualization: Personal emotional response, refinement of interpersonal skills
List Erik Erikson's conflicts that relate to children aged birth to school-age, and give an example for each:
- (answer)Infant: Trust vs. Mistrust (I am all right)
Toddler: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (I can make choices)
Pre-School: Initiative vs. Guilt (I can do and I can make)
Grade School: Industry vs. Inferiority (I can do well and be successful)
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Sensorimotor - (answer)0-2; Children learn
through sensory perception and motor activity.
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Preoperational - (answer)2-7; Children are bound
by what they experience directly and not by what they think. Children begin to use symbols (one thing
that represents another). For example, using sand to make a cake. Children are egocentric; their thinking
centers on themselves. They can't see things from another point of view or from another perspective.
For example, they do not realize that when they stand in front of the TV, no one else can see it.
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Concrete-Operational - (answer)7-11; Children
become more rational in their thinking. For example, realizing that Santa Claus probably doesn't exist.
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Formal Operations - (answer)11 and older; the
final stage of cognitive development, in which thinking becomes very abstract. Children think beyond
the present and think about ideal situations.
Describe Vygotsky's learning strategy: Scaffolding - (answer)Children learn through problem-solving
experiences shared with a knowledgeable adult or peer. Initially, the person interacting with the child
assumes more responsibility for guiding the learning. As the child learns, the responsibility is gradually
transferred to him/her.
Write a brief description of the terms "growth" and "development." - (answer)Growth refers to specific
body changes and increases in the child's size, such as a child's height, weight, head circumference, and
body mass index.
Development typically refers to an increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to more
complicated.
True or False: Growth proceeds from the center of the body outward. - (answer)False
True or False: At birth, the brain, heart, and spinal cord are fully functioning. - (answer)True
True or False: The finger and toe muscles develop before the arm and leg muscles. - (answer)True
True or False: Children differ in their growth. - (answer)True
True or False: Children grow at perfectly steady rates. - (answer)False
Name and give an example of each of the five basic principles of child growth and development. -
(answer)1. Similar developmental sequence for all (i.e they develop in similar ways at similar times)
2. Development proceeds from General to Specific (Children gain specific abilities as they develop
further)
3. Development is continuous (As children develop new skills, they become the basis for more new
behaviors and skills)
4. Development proceeds at different rates (Each child is different and grows differently)
5. All areas of development are interrelated (The body has to grow and develop before new skills and
behaviors can occur)
Explain at least one implication of a development principle as it relates to children's learning. -
(answer)Knowing the way in which a child develops is important in order to understand where they
should be and how you can encourage growth in those areas.
, CGDR STUDY GUIDE SET QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Name each stage of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and include an example for an individual as well as
family. - (answer)1. Physical: Rest, food, employment, etc.
2. Comfort and Safety: Transportation, home, safe relationships
3. Social: Sense of belonging, parent-child relationship
4. Self-Esteem: Sense of competency for parents, ability to cope and problem solve
5. Self-Actualization: Personal emotional response, refinement of interpersonal skills
List Erik Erikson's conflicts that relate to children aged birth to school-age, and give an example for each:
- (answer)Infant: Trust vs. Mistrust (I am all right)
Toddler: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (I can make choices)
Pre-School: Initiative vs. Guilt (I can do and I can make)
Grade School: Industry vs. Inferiority (I can do well and be successful)
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Sensorimotor - (answer)0-2; Children learn
through sensory perception and motor activity.
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Preoperational - (answer)2-7; Children are bound
by what they experience directly and not by what they think. Children begin to use symbols (one thing
that represents another). For example, using sand to make a cake. Children are egocentric; their thinking
centers on themselves. They can't see things from another point of view or from another perspective.
For example, they do not realize that when they stand in front of the TV, no one else can see it.
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Concrete-Operational - (answer)7-11; Children
become more rational in their thinking. For example, realizing that Santa Claus probably doesn't exist.
List the age and examples for each of Piaget's stages: Formal Operations - (answer)11 and older; the
final stage of cognitive development, in which thinking becomes very abstract. Children think beyond
the present and think about ideal situations.
Describe Vygotsky's learning strategy: Scaffolding - (answer)Children learn through problem-solving
experiences shared with a knowledgeable adult or peer. Initially, the person interacting with the child
assumes more responsibility for guiding the learning. As the child learns, the responsibility is gradually
transferred to him/her.
