Page |1
NURS 344 Exam 4 Questions and Correct
Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded
Hyperlipidemia
Ans: "High cholesterol" / Dyslipidemia
Blood elevation of bad cholesterol (LDL)
Decrease of good cholesterol (HDL)
Modifiable risk factor for CAD
Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology
Ans: Injury to blood vessel epithelium
Inflammatory response
LDL trapped, attracts macrophages, foam cells, and fatty streak
formed
Blood components adhere to vessel wall and form plaque
Coronary arteries narrow
Potential plaque rupture
Atherosclerosis modifiable risk factors
Ans: Hyperlipidemia
Obesity
Tobacco use
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |2
Excessive alcohol consumption
Physical inactivity
Stress
Diabetes
Hypertension
Atherosclerosis non-modifiable risk factors
Ans: Gender
Race
Genetics
Age
Secondary Prevention: Lipid Screening
Ans: Men should be screened every year staring at age 35
Women should be screened every year starting at age 45
Educate and use motivational interviewing for lifestyle changes
for diet, weight loss, tobacco use, and heavy alcohol use
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins)
Ans: Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, which is required to produce
cholesterol in the liver - decreases rate of cholesterol
production and lowers LDL levels
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |3
May also see decrease in triglycerides and increase in HDL
Drugs: pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin,
rosuvastatin, pitavastatin, lovastatin
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Ans: Binds bile and prevents reabsorption of bile acids from
small intestine which is excreted in the bowels and reduces the
level of LDL
Drugs: cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam
Niacin
Ans: Thought to increase activity of lipase, which breaks down
lipids
Causes lower triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL levels, and
increased HDL levels
Fibric Acid Derivatives
Ans: Activate lipase, which breaks down cholesterol
Inhibits the synthesis of triglycerides in the liver, increases
secretion of cholesterol into bile
Causes reduces triglyceride levels and LDL, increase in HDL
Drugs: gemfibrozil, fenofibrate
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |4
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
Ans: Inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Drug: ezetimibe
PCSK9 Inhibitors
Ans: Works of protein to lower LDL
Drugs: alirocumab, evolocumab
Treat hyperlipidemia aggressively in patients with...
Ans: DIABETES
Acute coronary syndrome
Multiple or uncontrolled risk factors
Preload
Ans: The amount of blood being returned to the right side of
the heart from systemic circulation
Afterload
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
NURS 344 Exam 4 Questions and Correct
Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded
Hyperlipidemia
Ans: "High cholesterol" / Dyslipidemia
Blood elevation of bad cholesterol (LDL)
Decrease of good cholesterol (HDL)
Modifiable risk factor for CAD
Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology
Ans: Injury to blood vessel epithelium
Inflammatory response
LDL trapped, attracts macrophages, foam cells, and fatty streak
formed
Blood components adhere to vessel wall and form plaque
Coronary arteries narrow
Potential plaque rupture
Atherosclerosis modifiable risk factors
Ans: Hyperlipidemia
Obesity
Tobacco use
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |2
Excessive alcohol consumption
Physical inactivity
Stress
Diabetes
Hypertension
Atherosclerosis non-modifiable risk factors
Ans: Gender
Race
Genetics
Age
Secondary Prevention: Lipid Screening
Ans: Men should be screened every year staring at age 35
Women should be screened every year starting at age 45
Educate and use motivational interviewing for lifestyle changes
for diet, weight loss, tobacco use, and heavy alcohol use
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins)
Ans: Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, which is required to produce
cholesterol in the liver - decreases rate of cholesterol
production and lowers LDL levels
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |3
May also see decrease in triglycerides and increase in HDL
Drugs: pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin,
rosuvastatin, pitavastatin, lovastatin
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Ans: Binds bile and prevents reabsorption of bile acids from
small intestine which is excreted in the bowels and reduces the
level of LDL
Drugs: cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam
Niacin
Ans: Thought to increase activity of lipase, which breaks down
lipids
Causes lower triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL levels, and
increased HDL levels
Fibric Acid Derivatives
Ans: Activate lipase, which breaks down cholesterol
Inhibits the synthesis of triglycerides in the liver, increases
secretion of cholesterol into bile
Causes reduces triglyceride levels and LDL, increase in HDL
Drugs: gemfibrozil, fenofibrate
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
, Page |4
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors
Ans: Inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Drug: ezetimibe
PCSK9 Inhibitors
Ans: Works of protein to lower LDL
Drugs: alirocumab, evolocumab
Treat hyperlipidemia aggressively in patients with...
Ans: DIABETES
Acute coronary syndrome
Multiple or uncontrolled risk factors
Preload
Ans: The amount of blood being returned to the right side of
the heart from systemic circulation
Afterload
All rights reserved © 2025/ 2026 |
