Criminal Justice Final Exam Review Newest
2025/2026 Questions and Correct Answers
Already Graded A+
How does public respect relate to police power? - CORRECT ANSWER-Police
power is dependent on public approval of their existence, actions, and behavior.
What is the significance of the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829? - CORRECT
ANSWER-It created a centralized, trained, and disciplined uniformed police force
in London.
What were the responsibilities of colonial sheriffs in America? - CORRECT
ANSWER-They captured criminals, served subpoenas, supervised elections, dealt
with religious nonconformists, and collected taxes.
What was the first police service established in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER-The first police service was established in Boston in 1838.
,Who is considered the Father of American Policing? - CORRECT ANSWER-
August Vollmer, who advocated for police professionalism and the use of science
in policing.
What are the three pillars of the criminal justice system? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Police, Corrections, Government
What is discretion in the context of law enforcement? - CORRECT ANSWER-An
individual choice of freedom and judgment that influences police discretion.
What are some factors that influence police discretion? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Crime factors, victim factors, environmental factors, peer factors, suspect's
behavior, and officer characteristics.
What is the common definition of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER-Breaking the
law, which the criminal justice system prescribes punishments for.
What is a street crime? - CORRECT ANSWER-A crime that typically involves
direct harm to a person or property.
,What is a victimless crime? - CORRECT ANSWER-A crime that does not directly
harm another person, such as drug use.
What are white-collar crimes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Non-violent crimes
committed for financial gain, often in business or professional settings.
What does 'mala en se' refer to? - CORRECT ANSWER-Behaviors that are
inherently immoral or wrong.
What is the principle of equal justice under the law? - CORRECT ANSWER-The
idea that the law should apply equally to all individuals.
Who suggested the idea of deterrence in criminal justice? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Cesare Beccaria.
What is specific deterrence? - CORRECT ANSWER-Deterrence directed toward
the individual offender to prevent future bad behavior.
What is general deterrence? - CORRECT ANSWER-The perceived negative
consequences of being caught that inhibit criminal behavior.
, What is utilitarianism in the context of law? - CORRECT ANSWER-The principle
of achieving the greatest good for the greatest number.
What must laws be in order to uphold justice? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Prospective rather than retroactive, stable, and well-defined.
What are the justifications for punishment in criminal justice? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, and reparation.
What is the difference between substantive law and procedural law? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Substantive law designates what conduct is considered criminal, while
procedural law determines how individuals are treated in the system.
What is case law? - CORRECT ANSWER-Law established based on previous
court decisions, also known as precedents.
What are compensatory damages? - CORRECT ANSWER-Damages awarded to
replace the loss suffered by the victim.
What are punitive damages? - CORRECT ANSWER-Damages intended as
punishment for wrongful actions.
2025/2026 Questions and Correct Answers
Already Graded A+
How does public respect relate to police power? - CORRECT ANSWER-Police
power is dependent on public approval of their existence, actions, and behavior.
What is the significance of the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829? - CORRECT
ANSWER-It created a centralized, trained, and disciplined uniformed police force
in London.
What were the responsibilities of colonial sheriffs in America? - CORRECT
ANSWER-They captured criminals, served subpoenas, supervised elections, dealt
with religious nonconformists, and collected taxes.
What was the first police service established in the United States? - CORRECT
ANSWER-The first police service was established in Boston in 1838.
,Who is considered the Father of American Policing? - CORRECT ANSWER-
August Vollmer, who advocated for police professionalism and the use of science
in policing.
What are the three pillars of the criminal justice system? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Police, Corrections, Government
What is discretion in the context of law enforcement? - CORRECT ANSWER-An
individual choice of freedom and judgment that influences police discretion.
What are some factors that influence police discretion? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Crime factors, victim factors, environmental factors, peer factors, suspect's
behavior, and officer characteristics.
What is the common definition of crime? - CORRECT ANSWER-Breaking the
law, which the criminal justice system prescribes punishments for.
What is a street crime? - CORRECT ANSWER-A crime that typically involves
direct harm to a person or property.
,What is a victimless crime? - CORRECT ANSWER-A crime that does not directly
harm another person, such as drug use.
What are white-collar crimes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Non-violent crimes
committed for financial gain, often in business or professional settings.
What does 'mala en se' refer to? - CORRECT ANSWER-Behaviors that are
inherently immoral or wrong.
What is the principle of equal justice under the law? - CORRECT ANSWER-The
idea that the law should apply equally to all individuals.
Who suggested the idea of deterrence in criminal justice? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Cesare Beccaria.
What is specific deterrence? - CORRECT ANSWER-Deterrence directed toward
the individual offender to prevent future bad behavior.
What is general deterrence? - CORRECT ANSWER-The perceived negative
consequences of being caught that inhibit criminal behavior.
, What is utilitarianism in the context of law? - CORRECT ANSWER-The principle
of achieving the greatest good for the greatest number.
What must laws be in order to uphold justice? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Prospective rather than retroactive, stable, and well-defined.
What are the justifications for punishment in criminal justice? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, and reparation.
What is the difference between substantive law and procedural law? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Substantive law designates what conduct is considered criminal, while
procedural law determines how individuals are treated in the system.
What is case law? - CORRECT ANSWER-Law established based on previous
court decisions, also known as precedents.
What are compensatory damages? - CORRECT ANSWER-Damages awarded to
replace the loss suffered by the victim.
What are punitive damages? - CORRECT ANSWER-Damages intended as
punishment for wrongful actions.
