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1. A psychiatric advance directive allows a client to: A. Refuse all future care permanently B. Avoid involuntary commitment always C. State treatment preferences in advance for times when they may lack capacity D. Choose their nurse Correct Answer: C. State treatment preferences in advance for times when they may lack capacity Rationale: It supports autonomy during periods of crisis. It does not allow permanent refusal of all care or guarantee avoidance of commitment. 2. Social determi...

1. A patient begins crying while describing a recent loss. The nurse's best response is to: A. Change the subject to a less emotional topic B. Tell the patient everything will be fine C. Leave the room until the patient stops crying D. Pause, allow silence and offer a tissue Correct Answer: D. Pause, allow silence and offer a tissue Rationale: Silence and a small gesture of support show acceptance and give the patient time to express feelings. Changing the subject, false reassurance an...

1. The best way to begin a health history interview is to: A. Start immediately with questions about sexual history B. Introduce yourself, explain the purpose and ask how the patient prefers to be addressed C. Read the patient's chart aloud D. Ask the family to answer all questions Correct Answer: B. Introduce yourself, explain the purpose and ask how the patient prefers to be addressed Rationale: A respectful introduction and explanation set the tone and build trust before sensitive t...

1. Breast development in adolescents is assessed using: A. Tanner sexual maturity rating stages 1 to 5 B. The Apgar score C. The Glasgow Coma Scale D. Braden Scale Correct Answer: A. Tanner sexual maturity rating stages 1 to 5 Rationale: Tanner stages describe progression from prepubertal to adult breast development, with breast buds (thelarche) as stage 2. The other scales assess newborns, consciousness and skin risk. 2. The breast exam in a transgender woman taking estrogen should: A....

1. The teach-back method is used to: A. Teach the nurse new skills B. Repeat the lecture twice C. Test the patient's IQ D. Confirm the patient understands by having them explain the information in their own words Correct Answer: D. Confirm the patient understands by having them explain the information in their own words Rationale: Teach-back checks the nurse's teaching rather than testing the patient, and gaps are retaught until understanding is confirmed. It is not a staff trainin...

1. Signs of opioid intoxication include: A. Dilated pupils and agitation B. Pinpoint pupils, drowsiness and slowed respirations C. Tremors and sweating D. Rapid breathing and hyperthermia Correct Answer: B. Pinpoint pupils, drowsiness and slowed respirations Rationale: Opioids depress the central nervous system and constrict pupils, and respiratory depression is the main danger. Dilated pupils with agitation suggest stimulants, and tremors and sweating suggest withdrawal from alcohol or ...

1. Health literacy can be quickly assessed by asking: A. 'Did you graduate from college?' B. 'Can you read?' C. 'Do you understand English?' D. 'How confident are you filling out medical forms by yourself?' Correct Answer: D. 'How confident are you filling out medical forms by yourself?' Rationale: This validated single question identifies patients who may need extra help without causing embarrassment. Education level does not reliably predict health literacy...

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1. Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes that students learn by: A. Classical conditioning only B. Biological maturation alone C. Trial and error with no social influence D. Observing and imitating models Correct Answer: D. Observing and imitating models Rationale: Bandura showed that learning occurs through observation, with attention, retention, reproduction and motivation as key processes. Teacher modeling and peer models therefore shape behavior and skills. 2. According to ...

1. Cluster grouping of gifted students places: A. All gifted students in separate schools B. Gifted students alone in each classroom C. Gifted students with only struggling peers D. A small group of identified gifted students together in a mixed-ability classroom with a trained teacher Correct Answer: D. A small group of identified gifted students together in a mixed-ability classroom with a trained teacher Rationale: Clusters allow appropriate differentiation and peer interaction within...

1. Students in Piaget's preoperational stage typically struggle with: A. Recognizing familiar faces B. Conservation tasks, such as understanding that liquid volume stays the same in a taller glass C. Using symbols and pretend play D. Learning new vocabulary Correct Answer: B. Conservation tasks, such as understanding that liquid volume stays the same in a taller glass Rationale: Preoperational children (about ages 2-7) focus on one salient feature, such as height, so they fail conserv...

1. Students with ADHD often benefit from: A. Long uninterrupted lectures B. Clear routines, chunked tasks, movement breaks and frequent feedback C. Removing all structure D. Seating near distractions Correct Answer: B. Clear routines, chunked tasks, movement breaks and frequent feedback Rationale: ADHD affects attention and executive function, so structure, shorter work periods and immediate feedback help. Preferential seating away from distractions is a common accommodation. 2. The '...

NKU MSN 674 Psychotherapy for Psych-Mental Health NP: Exam 1 - Questions with Correct Answers

1. The DTaP vaccine series begins at: A. Birth B. 2 months of age C. 12 months D. 4 years Correct Answer: B. 2 months of age Rationale: Doses are given at 2, 4, 6 and 15 to 18 months and 4 to 6 years. Pertussis is most dangerous in young infants. It is not given at birth, and starting at 12 months or 4 years leaves infants unprotected against pertussis. 2. Drowning prevention for young children includes: A. Floaties alone B. Sibling supervision C. Bath seats as substitutes for superv...

1. TORCH infections that can harm the fetus include: A. Tetanus, otitis, rabies, croup and hives B. Tuberculosis, obesity, rickets, cancer and HIV only C. Thrush, ringworm, colds and headaches D. Toxoplasmosis, other (syphilis), rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes Correct Answer: D. Toxoplasmosis, other (syphilis), rubella, cytomegalovirus and herpes Rationale: These infections can cause congenital anomalies or neonatal illness. Prevention includes avoiding cat litter and undercooked meat...

1. Which medication class on the Beers list increases fall and confusion risk in older adults? A. Benzodiazepines B. Acetaminophen C. Vitamin D D. Calcium carbonate Correct Answer: A. Benzodiazepines Rationale: Benzodiazepines cause sedation, impaired balance and cognitive changes. The other agents are generally safe at recommended doses. 2. A client with a chronic illness shows signs of depression. The nurse should: A. Screen for depression and refer for treatment B. Assume it is norm...