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The digital revolution - correct answers 1-02: What paradigm underlies "computational science"? In the late 1980's, < 1% of all technologically stored info was digital, and now > 99% is digital - correct answers 1-02: Which is true about the world's info storage capacity? Many times from the Earth to the Sun - correct answers 1-02: If we would take 5ZB of info and store it in books, how far would the pile reach? Each 2-3 years, as much is added to what we have accumula...

Allow us to test hypothesis. How it is special? or are they just random? Digital footprint-- Collect Data-- analyze-- Hypothesis= check on this network or To deduce our hypothesis. - correct answers Random Networks Random Graph - correct answers Erdos-Renyi Graph Erdos-Renyi Graph/Random Graph - correct answers -Start with n nodes -Form independent links (with a certain p (probability) OR from M(number) of links -Properties of the graph (what is the average degree of the n...

Twitter networks, influencers, disease vs symptoms, cost/benefit/spread in networks - correct answers Session 6 Case Studies people in networks who can 'tap in' to communities of interest - correct answers Influencers and influencial people a famous person tweeting on behalf of a company to promote a product - correct answers Example of influencers/influencial people Influential people find out about trends and spread the word through social connections. - correct answers What is ...

$10,000 or more - correct answers How much do some top celebrities get paid per tweet? whenever something spreads somewhere, along the way, one "exceptional person" finds out about the trend, then everybody else gets on the trend - correct answers Malcolm Gladwell - The Tipping Point: "The law of the few" means... one american in 10 tells the others what to eat, what to wear, etc... - correct answers "The influentials" book says... from the media, to influencers, to th...

The digital revolution Late 1980s less than 1% of all technologically stored information was digital, and now more than 99% - correct answers What paradigm underlies "computational science"? Each 2-3 years, as much is added to what we have accumulated since the very beginning - correct answers What does it mean that the amount of technologically stored information "doubles" every 2-3 years? More people document social reality nowadays - correct answers What part of society h...

a small number of influential people can generate a groundswell of support for an idea, brand, or phenomenon - correct answers the law of the few a small group of influencers disseminates information they get from mess media while modifying the opinions of a large number of other people - correct answers two step flow model of influence companies can bypass media and go directly to influencers - correct answers effect of social media on public opinion brookline police department posting...

proposes that media influence often works in two stages: (1) media content (opinion and fact) is picked up by people who use the media frequently, and (2) these people, in turn, act as opinion leaders when they discuss the media content with others - correct answers two-step flow model an information diffusion process on Twitter in which a number of people make the same decision of passing along information in a sequential fashion - correct answers Twitter cascades The tendency to ignore i...

2 variable problems simple - correct answers problems of simplicity probability many variables air molecules Law of Large Numbers - correct answers problems of averages gives us distribution height - correct answers Law of Large Numbers dealing with problems as a system/whole solution: computational science comes out of war time development especially applicable to problems in social science because they are not simple (more than 2 variables, and hard to build averages because o...

The digital revolution - correct answers What forms the basis for computational social science? 80% of information - correct answers how much of the world's information was stored in analog form in the late 1980s? over 99% - correct answers Today, how much of our information is stored digitally? It doubles every 2.5 years - correct answers how quickly does the amount of stored digital information increase? 5 ZB (5x10^21) - correct answers how much stored digital information was th...

In the late 1980s, less than 1% of all technologically stored information was digital, and now more than 99% - correct answers UCCSS 1-02: so what did he just rattle down? Each 2-3 years, as much is added to what we have accumulated since the very beginning - correct answers UCCSS 1-02: What does it mean that the amount of technologically stored information "doubles" every 2-3 years? More people document social reality nowadays - correct answers UCCSS 1-02: What changed? Every tim...

How much do some top celebs get paid per tweet? - correct answers $10,000 or more What are 2 complementary aspects of computational social science Lamberson talks about? - correct answers empirical work and computer simulations Are celebs the only people to have influence in society? - correct answers No Can just anybody be influential? - correct answers yes What trick did Lamberson use in order to track who reposted url link to a story on Twitter? - correct answers he tracked short ...

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scientific method - correct answers observations, questions, hypothesis, test hypothesis, conclusion/ A WAY TO THINK hypothesis - correct answers an answer to a question that may or may not be right atom - correct answers the smallest functional units of matter proton - correct answers positive, found in nucleus, same number as electrons electrons - correct answers negative, same as protons neutron - correct answers neutral, found in nucleus, # varies ion - correct answers when...

Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic types of body tissues? - correct answers bone tissue Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue? - correct answers it has many blood vessels to support its nutrient needs Which of the following is NOT a shape of epithelial tissue cells? - correct answers unipolar What type of epithelium is often found in glands and kidney tubules? - correct answers simple cuboidal What is the purpose of goblet cells found in...

Biological Evolution - correct answers changes in the genetic structure of a population natural selection - correct answers A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits. Electronegativity - correct answers A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons (ex. Oxygen in H20) Water is polar because - correct answers Oxygen is electronegative whic...

Cellular Respiration - correct answers C6H1206+6O2=6CO+6H2O releases energy from glucose and uses that energy to make ATP Four Stages of Cellular Respiration - correct answers 1. Glycolysis 2. Preparation Reaction 3. Citric Acid Cycle 4. Oxidative Phosphorylation Glycolysis (Pathway #1) - correct answers occurs in cytoplasm 10 steps in 3 Phases Glucose and 2ATP are put in 2 pyruvate and 2 NADH and 2 ATP come out 3 Phases of Glycolysis - correct answers 1. Energy Investmen...

What cellular structure makes it possible for a cell to differ structurally and biochemically from its surroundings - correct answers Plasma membrane The transport of water across a membrane from a solution of lower solute concentration to a solution of higher solute concentration is best described as - correct answers Osmosis Which of the following properly describes the role of vacuoles? - correct answers Vacuoles function as storage spaces and also play a role in a plant nutrition, wast...

uses energy to consturct components of cells - correct answers anabolism breaks down organic matter, for example to harvest energy - correct answers catabolism attraction between partial charges of water - to other water molecules -to polar or charged non water molecules - partial charges act as magnets individual bonds are weak but over millions of molecules become very strong - correct answers hydrogen bonds water molecules at the surface are pulled down by hydrogen bonding with w...

Cell Theory - correct answers Idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells Biology is the study of - correct answers living things Cellular Respiration - correct answers metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from oxygen molecules or nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste produ...

Deduction - correct answers general principles predict specific results Ex: All humans are mortal, john is a human > john is mortal Induction - correct answers specific observations lead to general principles Ex: All the bees we've seen are black/yellow, so all bees must be black/yellow Scientific method - correct answers Heavily based on deductive reasoning and we come up with hypotheses Hypothesis: - correct answers tentative explanation for observed phenomena - observation n...