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Which of the following illustrates a negative feedback mechanism that occurs in the human body? a)the release of insulin from the pancreas in response to an increase in blood sugar levels b) the release of glucagon from the pancreas in response to an increase in blood- sugar levels c) the release of oxytocin resulting in uterine contractions as childbirth is underway d) chemical reactions that result in coagulation due to fibrin being released - a) the release of insulin from the pancreas i...

The first four steps of the scientific method are as follows: I. Identify the problem II. Ask Questions III. Develop a hypothesis IV. Collect data and experiment on that data Which of the following is the next step in the scientific method? A. Observe the data B. Analyze the results C. Measure the data D. Develop a conclusion - B. Analyze the results What are two types of measurement important in science? A. Quantitive and numerical B. Analyze the results C. Measure the data D. Dev...

What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway? - Epiglottis Which substance makes up the pads that provide support between the vertebrae? - Cartilage The two criteria for classifying epithelial tissue are cell layers and ______ - Cell shape Where is the parathyroid gland located? - Neck How many organ systems are in the human body? - 11 Which element within the respiratory system is responsible for removing foreign matter from the lungs? - Cilia What is the...

Which of the following describes the function of the ribosome? a. protein synthesis b. energy production c. cell movement d. storage of molecules - a. protein synthesis Because muscle cells require large amounts of energy to function correctly, which organelles would be prevalent in those types of cells? a. ribosomes b. mitochondria c. cytoskeleton d. cell membrane - b. mitochondria Which of the following organelles is responsible for storing genetic information? a. nucleus b. ribos...

Isotretinoin (Accutane) is prescribed for a client to treat severe cystic acne. The nurse tells the client that the length of the usual prescribed course of treatment is: a. 1 month b. 4 to 8 weeks c. 15 to 20 weeks d. 1 year - c. 15 to 20 weeks A clinic nurse provides instructions to a client who will be taking isotretinoin (Accutane) for severe cystic acne. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further instructions? a. I need to return to the clinic for a blood test to c...

An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of events that does not favor stability and often abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that? A. positive feedback B. negative feedback C. disease D. homeostasis - A. Positive feedback Positive Feedback - -less common - Snowball Effect (some pain/ pressure gets worse and worse) - examples: clots, sneezing, childbirth - when childbirth starts there is an increase in hormone production which progressively gets worse ...

The nurse hears short, high-pitched sounds just before the end of inspiration in the right and left lower lobes when auscultating a client's lungs. How should this finding be recorded? A. Inspiratory wheezes in both lungs B. Crackles in the right and left lower lobes C. Abdominal lung sounds in the bases of both lungs D. Pleural friction rub in the right and left lower lobes - B Fine crackles are short, high pitched sounds heard just before the end of inspiration that are the result of r...

What are the different types of fractures? - -Transverse -Oblique -Spiral -Comminuted -Avulsion -Impacted -Torus -Greenstick What are the stages of bone healing? - 1) hematoma 2) callus formation 3) ossification 4) remodeling What is the difference between a traumatic fracture and pathologic fracture? - -*trauma* --> direct injury -*pathologic* --> disease process; osteoporosis, metastatic bone cancer What is the purpose of immobilization? - *to prevent further damage* -to ...

A decrease in workload, use, pressure, or blood supply appropriately describes: A. physiologic atrophy. B. pathologic atrophy. C. hypertrophy. D. hyperplasia. - B. pathologic atrophy. Pathologic atrophy is a decrease in cell size due to decreased use. Physiologic atrophy usually occurs early in development; for example, the thymus gland atrophies during childhood. Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size. Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells. The appropriate term for the reve...

Alveoli are tiny sacs surrounded by what? - capillaries Veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the capillaries to the what? - heart Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart and to the what? - capillaries what serves as the location for the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide fluid and nutrients within the body? - capillaries What are the bronchial tubes are lined with? - cilia What circulatory system includes what body structures? - Heart, Blood, Blood...

Food: Food and drink are necessary and desirable, but their abuse can cause serious physical and metal problem. Many physicians believe that overeating is one of the country's main health problems, since it places a great strain on the heart, can lead to diabetes, and often shortens the individual's life span. To fill an emotional void. people often turn to food when they are bored or lonely. Another area of concern is alcohol consumption. The results of alcohol abuse are widely publicize...

The nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric tube (NGT) which is connected to suction. After ensuring correct tube placement, what action should the nurse take next? A. Clamp the tube for 20 minutes. B. Flush the tube with water. C. Administer the medications as prescribed. D. Crush the tablets and dissolve in sterile water. - The NGT should be flushed before, after and in between each medication administered (B). Once all medications are administered, the NGT should be cl...

The nurse reviews the new prescription, phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), for a client with depression on the psychiatric unit. Which information is most important for the nurse to assess? A. Consumption of any alcohol or tyramine rich foods B. Reports of nausea or vomiting C. Therapeutic serum drug levels D. Blood pressure and pulse prior to taking each dose - A The nurse is administering haloperidol 0.5 mg IM PRN to a client for the first time. What side effects...

A client with mild parkinsonism is started on oral amantadine (Symmetrel). What statement accurately describes the action of this medication? - Dopamine in central nervous system is increased A 52-year-old client is admitted to the hospital for possible duodenal ulcers. The healthcare provider prescribes ranitidine hydrochloride (Zantac) 150 mg BID PO. Which data would indicate that this medication is effective? - Within 4 hours after meals, the client denies having pain. A 78-year-old clie...

A client is receiving clonidine (Catapres) 0.1 mg/24hr via transdermal patch. Which assessment finding indicates that the desired effect of the medication has been achieved? A. Client denies recent episodes of angina. B. Change in peripheral edema from +3 to +1. C. Client denies recent nausea or vomiting. D. Blood pressure has changed from 180/120 to 140/70. Correct - Catapres acts as a centrally-acting analgesic and antihypertensive agent. (D) indicates a reduction in hypertension. Catapr...

Which nursing action is the priority when administering chelation therapy for a toddler-age client? 1 Assessing vital signs 2 Monitoring urine output 3 Conducting a behavioral assessment 4 Providing education to reduce lead exposure - 2 A 67-year-old client has tested positive for influenza A. The client also has asthma. Which drug would the nurse recommend be avoided in this client? 1 Ribavirin 2 Zanamivir 3 Oseltamivir 4 Amantadine - 2 Which first line medication would the nurse sta...

Following the administration of sublingual nitroglycerin to a client experiencing an acute anginal attack, which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the desired effect has been achieved? A. Client states chest pain is relieved B. Client's pulse decreases from 120 to 90 C. Client's systolic blood pressure decreases from 180 to 90 D. Clients SaO2 level increases from 92% to 96% - A. nitroglycerin reduces mycocardial oxygen consumption which decreases ischemia and reduces chest p...

What are the 5 rights of medication administration? - Right Patient Right Drug Right Route Right Time Right Dose How do you safely prepare medication? - Have good lighting & work alone. Check medication label 3 times (When you grab the medication, Before dispensing medication, & When you replace medication.) Don't use anything without a label. Bottles with bad labels need to be returned to the pharmacy. Never transfer medication into another bottle. Check expiration date. Inspect & ...

1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client? 1. Calcium chloride 2. Calcium gluconate 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) 4. Large doses of vitamin D - 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Rationale: The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications u...

2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item? 1. Milk 2. Water 3. Apple juice 4. Orange juice - 4. Orange juice Rationale: Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in ...