Demetrius

Glucose is an (aldose/ketose) sugar correct answer: aldose Fructose is an (aldose/ketose) sugar correct answer: ketose Glyceraldehyde & Dihydroxy Acetone correct answer: 3 Carbon Compounds that are intermediates in glycolysis Mucopolysaccharides correct answer: Amino sugars and Acidic Sugars Amino sugars correct answer: Glucosamine and Galactosamine Acidic Sugars correct answer: Glucoronic Acid and Iduronic Acid Heparin correct answer: Anticoagulant Chondroitin Sulpha...

Goal 3: Understand the Basic Molecular Reaction: Water to Molecules This is a dipolar molecule with an uneven distribution of electrons between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms •This forms hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules and acts as a solvent. •This is where polar solutes dissolve correct answer: Water Why do organic Molecules and Inorganic Salts in Water readily dissolve in water? correct answer: •water forms hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions with these mo...

Understand the storage of genetic information and how it is passed down to successive generations and the principles of basic techniques in molecular biology This is the direction that both bacteria and human DNA use in Replication correct answer: Bidirectional synthesis This contains the plasma membrane, DNA, the cell wall, flagellum, and ribosomes in the cell correct answer: The Prokaryote Genome This is circular in bacteria cells, attached to the plasma membrane, and can include a ...

Main source of energy of the body correct answer: glucose What carbs break down and transform it to what ? correct answer: Breaks down CO2 and H2O then transform it to ATP ( the currency of energy ) What are dietary carbs ? correct answer: Lactose , sucrose , starch , fiber ( prevent colon cancer , constipation) What are carbs made from ? correct answer: aldehydes or ketones Classical examples of carbs ? correct answer: glucose and fructose what is the excess of carbs convert...

Increased in size of cells, Two types Physiologic = increase demand as in skeletal muscle Pathologic = Enlargement of heart Cardiomegaly correct answer: Hypertrophy FGF, TGF-Beta, IGF-1 correct answer: Which growth factors are involved in hypertrophy Endothelin-1, Angiotensinogen II correct answer: Which Vasoactive agents are involved in hypertrophy Barbiturates, Alcohol intake correct answer: An example of selective hypertrophy is the hypertrophy of smooth endoplasmic reticulum i...

Sarococcygeal teratoma correct answer: Tumor at base of coccyx derived from primitive streak Chordoma correct answer: Tumor from nucleus pulposis (remnants of notochord) Holoprosencephaly correct answer: Forebrain fails to develop into 2 hemispheres (caused by alcoholism while pregnant) Anencephaly correct answer: -Abnormal formation of neural tube (no forebrain) -Deficient of folic acid Spina bifida correct answer: Bony spinal canal does not close Ectopic pregnancy correct ...

What is glycosylation? correct answer: most common type of post-translational modification, produces glycoproteins what is added to the side chain of Asn( N) (Asparagine) ? correct answer: Oligosaccharide, therefore N- linked glycosylation why N-Linked glycosylation ? correct answer: prevent protein from aggregating and aids their binding chaperons what are chaperons ? correct answer: Proteins that assist in folding of new polypeptides, make sure it folds properly folds before progr...

What is cell signalling? correct answer: "Transduction of message(s) from one cell to another cell resulting in altered behaviour of target cell" What are the basic requirements of cell signalling? correct answer: 1. Signalling cell. 2. Extracellular ligand (signalling molecule). 3. Target (responding) cell. 4. Receptor (on plasma membrane or intracellular) Illustrate a general schematic of cell signaling correct answer: What are the 3 types of signalling? correct answer: 1. Endo...

what is the purpose of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)? correct answer: diagnostic tool to amplify a desired DNA fragment. What do you need for PCR? correct answer: Excess PRIMERS, Excess dNTPs, DNA polymerase (taq) What is the purpose of DNA polymerase ? correct answer: makes polymers of any molecules what is a chain reaction ? correct answer: a reaction that progress in an exponential way 2--4--6--8--10 why making copied of DNA ? correct answer: diagnosing infections, crime ...

Main source of energy of the body correct answer: glucose What carbs break down and transform it to what ? correct answer: Breaks down CO2 and H2O then transform it to ATP ( the currency of energy ) What are dietary carbs ? correct answer: Lactose , sucrose , starch , fiber ( prevent colon cancer , constipation) What are carbs made from ? correct answer: aldehydes or ketones Classical examples of carbs ? correct answer: glucose and fructose what is the excess of carbs convert...

Describe the structure of a prokaryotic (bacterial) genome correct answer: 1. Circular in bacterial cells, 2. attached to the plasma membrane, 3. Can include a separate DNA fragment (plasmid DNA) What shape are plasmids? correct answer: Also circular What are 2 properties of plasmids? correct answer: 1. Can carry antiobiotic resistance, 2. Can be transferred between bacteria How many DNA molecules are in a human chromosome/genome? correct answer: 1 single DNA molecule What is chr...

What is the rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis? correct answer: phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) What activates phosphofructokinase-1? correct answer: AMP + fructose 2,6-bisphosphate What inhibits phosphofructokinase-1? correct answer: ATP + citrate What is the rate limiting enzyme of gluconeogenesis? correct answer: fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 What inhibits fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1? correct answer: AMP + fructose-2,6-bisphosphate What is the rate limiting enzyme of the T...

What connects the upper limbs to the axial skeleton? correct answer: the bony pectoral girdle What does the pectoral girdle consist of? correct answer: clavicle and scapula connected to the manubrium of the sternum What joints contribute to the pectoral girdle? correct answer: - acromioclavicular - sternoclavicular - shoulder / glenohumeral What supports, stabilizes and and moves the clavicles and scapulae? correct answer: axioappendicular muscles What type of joint is the gl...

What is the most abundant organic molecule in nature? correct answer: Carbohydrates Carbohydrates with an aldehyde as their carbonyl group are known as? correct answer: Aldoses Carbohydrates with an keot as their carbonyl group are known as? correct answer: Ketose How many monosaccharide units are in disaccharides? correct answer: 2 How many monosaccharide units are in oligosaccharides? correct answer: 3-10 How many monosaccharide units are in polysaccharides? correct answer:...

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