Expert Minds

Personality is both complex and unique: on one hand, people differ greatly from one another in multiple components of behavior, and, on the other hand, each person expresses only one of his or her many potential lifestyles. The common characteristic of all existing definitions of personality is that they are functional, that is, they focus on questions related to motivation and mental adaptation of the organism. Specifically, Allport defined personality as the “dynamic organization within ...

Autism – age of onset, diagnostic criteria Autism Spectrum Disorder: Diagnostic Criteria pg 50 A. Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, as manifested by all of the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive; see text): 1. Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity, ranging, for example, from abnormal social approach and failure of normal back-and-forth conversation; to reduced sharing of interests, emo...

Substance use disorders (SUDs) account for about 6 percent of all deaths worldwide and cost an estimated $700 billion in the United States, alone. The vast majority of adults (approximately 80 percent) with chronic addiction started using drugs or alcohol as teenagers.  Although the majority of adolescents in the United States report experimenting with drugs or alcohol before graduating from high school, most do not progress to a SUD.  The estimated risk of developing an SUD by the a...

Define culture. Culture refers to systems of knowledge, concepts, values, norms, and practices that are learned and transmitted across generations. Culture includes language, religion and spirituality, family structures, life-cycle stages, ceremonial rituals, customs, and ways of understanding health and illness, as well as moral, political, economic, and legal systems. Cultures are open, dynamic systems that undergo continuous change over time; in the contemporary world, most individuals ...

The major subtypes of anxiety disorders in the DSM-5 include panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia), agoraphobia (without a history of panic disorder), specific phobia, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Revisions to the classification of anxiety disorders in the DSM-involve removing obsessivecompulsive disorder and posttraumatic disorder have been subsumed under newly created “obsessivecompulsive and related disorders” and “trauma- and stressor-related disorde...

To understand sleep and its disorders, it helps to begin with the sleep’s three basic characteristics: (1) Sleep is a process required for proper brain function. Failure to sleep impairs thought processes, mood regulation, and a host of normal physiological functions. (2) Sleep is not a single process; there are several distinct types of sleep. These different types of sleep differ both qualitatively and quantitatively. Each type of sleep has unique characteristics, functional importance...

Pica: Diagnostic Criteria A. An eating or feeding disturbance (e.g., apparent lack of interest in eating or food; avoidance based on the sensory characteristics of food; concern about aversive consequences of eating) associated with one (or more) of the following: 1. Significant weight loss (or failure to achieve expected weight gain or faltering growth in children). 2. Significant nutritional deficiency. 3. Dependence on enteral feeding or oral nutritional supplements. 4. Marked interfe...

Delusions Delusions are fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence. Their content may include a variety of themes (e.g., persecutory, referential, somatic, religious, grandiose). Persecutory delusions (i.e., belief that one is going to be harmed, harassed, and so forth by an individual, organization, or other group) are most common. Referential delusions (i.e., belief that certain gestures, comments, environmental cues, and so forth are directed at onese...

Protective factors of suicide Protective factors for suicide include cognitive flexibility, active coping strategies in difficult life situations, healthy lifestyles, active social networks, confidence and the sense of personal value, and the ability to seek advice from others and help from the health care system for subsequent treatment. It comprises also strategies for promoting mental health, social welfare, and education policies. • Epidemiological characteristics of suicide – compa...

NSG 3250 Adult Health I:NSG 3250 Adult Health I Exam 1 Unit 2::NSG 3250 Adult Health I Exam 3 : NSG 3250 Exam 3 Review: NSG 3250 Exam 3 Study Guide: Updated A+ Score Guide Solutions