FREEMANSHARP

First 5 steps in the inflammatory process 1. mast cell degranulation 2. activation of coagulation cascade 3. activation of kinin cascade 4. release of chemotactic factors 5.Activation of the complement cascade Role/function in the inflammatory process: Complement Form the membrane attack complex bacterial lysis vasodilation Increased vascular permeability triggers mast cell degranulation chemotaxis opsonization - opsonins tag foreign pathogens for elimination by phagocytes ...

A patient in respiratory distress and is breathing 33 breaths per minute. Which ABG value is consistent with the clinical scenario? PCO2 15 pH 7.30 pH 7.45 O2 sat 100% A patient who is breathing 33 breaths per minute is hyperventilating and blowing off CO2; therefore the PCO2 level will be low. The patient will most likely experience a respiratory alkalosis and the two pH values provided are not consistent with this diagnosis. A patient has a sodium level of 115 mEq/L and is disoriente...

Cardiac Blood Flow o From body o Through: Vena cavas Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right ventricle Pulmonic valve Pulmonary artery o To lungs Pulmonary vein Left atrium Mitral valve Left ventricle Aortic valve o Back to body Cardiac Anatomy The heart is the size of a closed fist 2/3 of the heart is to the left of the midline 1/3 under the sternum heart layers Endocardium ( inner) myocardium ( middle) Pericardium ( outer) Cardiac action potential: ...

HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) can use urine, saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate 4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard" measures P24 antigen can test 10 days post exposure Mast cell Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process. Histamine Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases blo...

Atrophy E. Cells decrease in size P. Still functional; imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation. Essentially there is an increase in the catabolism of intracellular organelles, reducing structural components of cell Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood Pathological: disuse (muscle atrophy d/ decrease workload, pressure, use, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal stimulation, or nervous stimulation) Hyperplasia E: cells increase in number, mitosis (cell division) must o...

Atrophy E. Cells decrease in size P. Still functional Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood Pathological: disuse Hypertrophy E. Increase in cell size P. Increased workload Physiologic: weightlifting Pathologic: cardiomegaly from HTN Hyperplasia E. Increase in cell number P. Increased cellular division Physiologic: liver regeneration Pathologic: endometrial- usually r/t hormones Dysplasia E. Cells change in size, shape, organization P. AKA atypical hyperp...

NEHA REHS COMPILATION BUNDLE

How long could it take for a federal response? 3-5 days What was provided in response for the need in managing /training for hazardous material chemical spills? HAZWOPER legislation hazardous waste operations and emergency response What does the HAZWOPER legislation require? specific plans must be in place to deal with hazardous material emergencies training of employees who handle emergency response activities DOT Book Section Green evacuation distances and shel...

What is the most plentiful form of available water? Groundwater What are Waterborne Diseases? Results from ingestion of water that is harboring a pathogen example: Typhoid fever. What are Water-washed Diseases? Spread by fecal-oral route or person to person contact. Facilitated by lack of personal hygiene. What are Water-based Diseases? Caused by infection arising through ingestion of pathogenic agent Example: guinea worm larvae, Termatode larvae. What are Water...

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children under the age of 5? A.) Neisseria meningitides B.) Group B Streptococci C.) Streptococcus pneumoniae D.) Haemophilus influenzae type B D.) Haemophilus influenzae type b How is giardiasis USUALY transmitted to others? A.) Person-to-person transfer of cysts from the feces of the infected individual. B.) Drinking unfiltered water from streams and lakes C.) Drinking unboiled water from streams and lakes D.) Drinkin...

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children under five years of age? a) Neisseria meningitides b) Group B Streptococci c) Streptococcus pneumoniae d) Haemophilus influenzae type B d) Haemophilus influenzae type B How is "giardiasis" usually transmitted to others? a) Person-to-person transfer of cysts from the feces of the infected individual b) Drinking unfiltered water from streams and lakes c) Drinking unboiled water from streams and lakes d) Drinking in...

When gas pipe is leaking, what methods would be used by the technician to identify the exact point of leakage? Using soap bubble solution What is the graphic tool used by meteorologists to give a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location Wind Rose What is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere called: troposphere (a height of about 3.7-6.2 miles (6-10 km) What three viruses cause the largest number of known case...

When gas pipe is leaking, what methods would be used by the technician to identify the exact point of leakage? Using soap bubble solution Which organization requires cover for baking dough BISSC (Baking Industry Sanitation Standards Committee) The Registered Sanitarians are first and foremost: Educators Common microorganism associated with skin rash in whirlpools? Pseudomonas aeruginosa Complaining of extreme eye irritation by swimmers in a swimming pool may...

How is the term "contamination" defined when used in connection with a communicable disease? A- Infection of an individual or animal with pathogenic organisms B- Presence of a pathogenic agents on a surface, article, or substance C- Transfer of a vector, regardless of the time or the nature of the host D- Contact between two or more sources of infection B What is the MOST common contributing factor to foodborne illness? A- Insect and rodent infestations B- Dirty equipment C- Inc...

The natural and physical environment and the relationship of people with that environment describes what? The human environment The EPA stream quality indicator for dissolved oxygen in stream water is what? 6 mg/liter The EPA stream water quality rate for fecal coliform is what? 200 colonies per 100 ml The minimum sulfur dioxide concentration for vegetation damage is what? 0.03 ppm What is a SWOT analysis? strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats Wh...

How do you filter out giardia lambia? Rapid sand filtration Pharmaceuticals in water treatment plants are Both solid and liquid Which mosquito is the highest cause of encephalitis in the US? Culex What is it called when milk is heated to 191-212 Pasteurization Order of priority: power outage at restaurant, chlorine gas leak at pool, no hand sink at food festival Chlorine gas, power outage, no hand sink What is an antibacterial agent used on skin tissue...

REHS RS NEHA STUDY GUIDE - REVISED AUGUST 2023|GRADED A+

How do you filter out giardia lambia? Rapid sand filtration Pharmaceuticals in water treatment plants are Both solid and liquid Which mosquito is the highest cause of encephalitis in the US? Culex What is it called when milk is heated to 191-212 Pasteurization Order of priority: power outage at restaurant, chlorine gas leak at pool, no hand sink at food festival Chlorine gas, power outage, no hand sink What is an antibacterial agent used on skin tissue c...

Question 1 An action authorized by law to restrict or prevent the movement of goods for the protection of public health, safety and welfare is called Choose one answer. a. an injunction b. an embargo c. an order to cease and desist d. a subpoena an embargo Question 2 Field observations are not always reported in total because Choose one answer. a. the reported forms are usually inadequate b. the significance of the data is not understood c. the field staff are instruct...

Question 1 An action authorized by law to restrict or prevent the movement of goods for the protection of public health, safety and welfare is called Choose one answer. a. an injunction b. an embargo c. an order to cease and desist d. a subpoena an embargo Question 2 Field observations are not always reported in total because Choose one answer. a. the reported forms are usually inadequate b. the significance of the data is not understood c. the field staff are instructed...