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MICB 212 - HIV (Chapter 10-12) Practice Questions and Answers What subgroup of retroviruses are HIV classified under? - ANSWERLentiviruses - which have a long interval between initial infection and serious onset clinical symptoms HIV-1 - ANSWER- Evolved from SIV transmitted to humans from chimpanzees - primarily circulating North America HIV general characteristics - ANSWERDamage person's immune system by destroying CD4 T cells HIV-2 - ANSWER- Evolved from sooty mangabey SIV virus - I...

MICB 212 virology section ch 1-4 Questions and Answers Describe the ways in which viruses differ from normal cells ? - ANSWERthey have a relatively simple structure, their genetic information is encoded by either DNA or RNA, and they are dependent on a living cell in order to replicate themselves. Describe the structure of a virus and how they infect host cell mechanism? - ANSWERViruses exist in either an extracellular or an intracellular form. The extracellular form of the virus is known...

Micb 212 ubc Exam Practice Questions and Answers how do humans and vertebrae protect themselves? - ANSWERwith a complex array of defensive mechanisms The body has how many levels of defence against infection - ANSWER3 ( Anatomical and physiological barriers, innate, adaptive) Anatomical and physiological barriers - ANSWER-intact skin provides a physical barrier -mucosal surfaces of the gut, respiratory urogenital and conjunctivae surfaces, -stomach acid, lysozyme and other antimicrobial ...

MICB 212 MT3 Exam Study Guide Solutions three things virus needs to be successful - ANSWER1. infect a susceptible and permissible host cell 2. replicate genome 3. survive in the environment long enough to infect a new host cell susceptibility - ANSWERability of a virus to enter a host cell (dependent on presence of virus receptor on the cell and anti receptor on the virus) permissiveness - ANSWERhost cell must contain everything necessary to replicate within a host cell (+) sense RNA gen...

MICB 212 Midterm 2 review Study Guide Solutions Cell-mediated immunity - ANSWER- mediated by direct cellular activities (ie. macrophage hyperactivation, CD8 cytotoxic T cells) Humoral immunity - ANSWER- includes antibodies and the cells/pathways they influence (phagocytosis, neutralization, complement) - can be passive by transferring antibody containing serum to another individual What is an extracellular bacterial infection? - ANSWER- infections where bacteria do not invade the cells o...

MICB 212 Immunology (Readings) Exam Study Guide 3 levels of defence - ANSWER1) anatomical and physiological -skin physical barrier, mucosal surfaces of the gut, respiratory urogenital and conjunctivae surfaces, stomach acid, lysozyme 2) innate immune response -phagocytosis, complement protein activation -limits spread and often resolves infection 3) adaptive immune response -low to respond but specific to the particular pathogen, ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...

MICB 212 Final Exam Study Guide Solutions Main reservoir of Influenza - ANSWERBIRDS! Main reservoir of Poliovirus - ANSWERHUMANS! Targets of Anti-Viral Drugs in HIV - ANSWER1. Protease Inhibitor 2. RT Inhibitor 3. Integrase Inhibitory 4. Entry Inhibitor there is no such thing called exit inhibitor -> NA glycoprotein on HIV don't need to be targeted by anti- viral drug because it works on virus egress -> no effect ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST P...

MICB 212 Chap 1-6, 8-10 Exam Practice Questions and Answers Which leukocytes are derived from myeloid precursors? - ANSWERMonocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and some types of dendritic cells. Where are HSCs found in the body? What problems would a person have if they didn't have HSCs? - ANSWERbone marrow, blood, umbilical cord blood What are the differences between the primary and secondary lymphoid organs? - ANSWERprimary - cells develop, secondary...

MICB 202 Immunology MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE SOLUTIONS innate responses - ANSWERquick. same response every time and dont improve with re-exposure adapative responses - ANSWERslow. specific to pathogen two types of adaptive response - ANSWERhumoral and cell mediated 2 classes of leukocytes - ANSWERmyeloid and lymphoid myeloid - ANSWERmonocytes, mast cells, neutrophils, basophils lymphoid - ANSWERT cells, B cells, NK (natural killer) cells categories of T cells - ANSWERCTLs, T helper, T re...

MICB 202 Immunology Exam Practice Questions and Answers All blood cells in an adult human can trace their ancestry to which compartment within the body? A. Thymus B. Bone marrow C. Lymph node D. Peyer's patch E. None of the above - ANSWERB. Bone marrow Which cell is not a lymphocyte? 1. B cell 2. T cell ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/40 3. Monocyte 4. Neutrophil 5. Macrophage (select all) - ANSWER3. Monocyte 4. Neutr...

MICB 200 Exam 2 Valerie Watson WVU Practice Questions and Answers Penicillin is? - ANSWERGram positive Whats penicillin affect? - ANSWERinhibits cell wall, effective against gram positive organisms Cephalosporins affect? - ANSWERinhibits cell wall, most used and abused Vancomycin affect? - ANSWERVery toxic, Inhibition of cell wall synthesis, Effective only against gram- positive organisms Carbapenems affect? - ANSWERinhibits cell wall, powerful but toxic, only used when other drugs don...

MICB 200 Exam 1 Study Guide Solutions In the scientific name, "Staphylococcus aureus", "Staphylococcus" is the - ANSWERgenus In the scientific name, "Staphylococcus aureus", "aureus" is the - ANSWERspecies An acid- fast stain is a differential staining technique used to detect - ANSWERMycobacterium species Any microorganism that grows in the presence of oxygen must produce - ANSWERsuperoxide dismutase What mechanism best represents how ultraviolet (UV) rays kill ba...

MI questions and answers updated 2024 The nurse teaches the client that the major difference between angina and pain associated with myocardial infarction (MI) is that: A) Angina is relieved with nitroglycerin and rest. B) Angina can be fatal. C) MI pain always radiates to the left arm or jaw. D) MI pain cannot be treated. - ANSWER-A) Angina is relieved with nitroglycerin and rest. The teaching plan for a client being started on long-acting nitroglycerin includes the action of this drug. ...

MGMT 430 - Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers Cycle inventory exists because producing or purchasing in large lots allows a stage of the supply chain to a. exploit economies of scale and raise cost. b. exploit economies of scale and lower cost. c. exploit customers and lower cost. d. exploit customers and raise cost - ANSWERa. exploit economies of scale and raise cost The price paid per unit is referred to as a. the material cost and is denoted by C. b. the fixed ordering co...

Mental Health NUR 180 Hondros Test 1 Questions and Answers What are the interrelated concepts of Mental Health? - ANSWER-Stress, coping, cognition What is the goal of in-patient mental health? - ANSWER-Least restrictive environment What should the LPN be aware of to protect the safety of themselves and the staff? - ANSWER- Increased anxiety, frustration, agitation (these can lead to violence) What type of patient would be seen for in-patient treatment? - ANSWER-Patients that are in an acu...

Medical-Surgical Nursing Concepts and Practice 3rd ed: Chapter 20 Care of Patient With Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiac Surgery Exam Questions and Answers What is coronary artery disease (CAD)? - ANSWER-a progressive disease leading to narrowing or occlusion of coronary arteries What happens when sudden obstruction occurs in the major coronary arteries? - ANSWER- myocardial infarction What is a major contributing factor of CAD? - ANSWER-atherosclerosis What is coronary insufficiency? ...

Med surge CMS Exam Practice Questions and Answers A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium and reports persistent nausea and vomiting for 2 days. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider? - ANSWER-D. Sodium 132 mEq/L A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and has a WBC count of 4,000/mm3. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER-A. Cleanse the client's toothbrush with hydrogen peroxide. A nurse enters a cl...

MDSC 321 Exam Study Guide Solutions immunology *functional definition* - ANSWERhow many organism interacts with the biological world. every living thing has a form of immunity. immuno provides a set of skills to allow you to question and understand these interactions; formulate answers based on evidence immunology *dictionary definition* - ANSWERfrom Latin "Immunis" meaning exemption from service/duty, and later exemption from disease. MODERN DEFINITION: Science of how our body recog...

MCDB 1A UCSB midterm 1 Exam Study Guide Solutions Condensation reaction - ANSWER-(also called dehydration) results in the covalent bonds between between monomers. A molecule of water is released when each covalent bond is formed. Polymers form only if water molecules are removed and energy is added to the system. Hydrolysis - ANSWER-results in the breakdown of polymers into their component monomers. Water reacts with the covalent bonds that link the polymer together. For each covalent bond...

MCB5205 Exam 2 Study Guide Solutions Principles of human volunteer research - ANSWER-1. Informed Consent 2. Beneficence (max benefit/low risk) 3. Justice Belmont Report (1979) - ANSWER-ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research Animal model - ANSWER--Disease symptoms and distribution mimics humans - Same disease route as humans ethics of animal models - ANSWER-- rationale - bacterial genetics & physiology - hypothesis driven research - experimen...