NBME

1. Constipation a. Can apply pressure to the bladder, leading to urinary incontinence b. Sx = daytime enuresis, bedwetting, urinary frequency and urgency, or urinary tract infection. c. Other causes such as congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung disease), spina bifida, hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, or diabetes insipidus should be excluded d. Major signs that suggest an organic cause of constipation include onset of constipation prior to 1 month of age, delayed passage of meconium, failure ...

TABLE OF CONTENTS Basic Science Subject Examinations* Behavioral Sciences 1 Biochemistry 8 Gross Anatomy and Embryology 14 Histology and Cell Biology 20 Microbiology 26 Neuroscience 32 Pathology 38 Pharmacology 44 Physiology 50 Clinical Science Subject Examinations Clinical Neurology 56 Family Medicine 63 Medicine 70 Obstetrics & Gynecology 77 Pediatrics 83 Psychiatry 90 Surgery 97 Introduction to Clinical Diagnosis Subject Examinations* 103 Comprehensive Subject Examinations...

Chagas Disease ---------- Correct Answer -------- Caused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasite passed in the feces of Reduviidae/kissing bug Penetrates broken skin or intact mucous membranes forming a pseudocyst releasing inflammatory infiltrates into myocytes; stains with Giemsa & Wright Romana sign occurs when portal of entry is the conjunctiva or eyelid May resulting in: Enlarged heart- CHF, sudden cardiac arrest Enlarged esophagus- difficulty swallowing Enlarged colon- abdominal pain or...

Native American women comes to EMD + Her husband died 6 weeks ago + She says he visits her every night and gives her guidance + Denies suicidal ideation + Neuro and CT scan of the head show no abnormalities; What is the appropriate next step for the physician? -------- Correct Answer ---------- Ask her relatives if speaking to deceased loved ones is common to their culture The mitogenic signal provided by the PDGF cytokine to smooth muscle cells at sites of vascular injury is most likely to b...

What does a higher number in 1/ARR indicate? Safer exposure. What is 1/AR? Case fatality rate: % of deaths occurring among those with disease. How is case fatality rate calculated? Deaths/cases * 100. What is mortality rate? # of deaths within a population within a defined period. How is mortality rate calculated? Deaths/total people. What is attack rate? Proportion of exposed people who become ill. How is attack rate calculated? People who become ill/total people exposed. What is ...

Polio - CSF=Lymphocytic Pleocytosis MS - oligonal bands on electophoresis ALS (Lou Gherig's Disease) - defect of superoxide dismutase 1 EBV - china kissing monoclonal carcinoma of the nasopharynx Internal Iliac - branch ligation required to control heavy vaginal bleeding Streptococcus Pneumoniae - prophylaxis required if pt has a splenctomy Locked-in Syndrome - basilar artery Inhaled glue - "pt not themself" confusion, clumsiness, frequent falls ataxic gait Xanthoma/ Achielles Tendon ...

What prevents the intercellular passage of ions from the luminal surface to the lamina propria of the intestine? - Answer Tight Junctions/ Zonulae Occludens What type of epithelial cells are in the intestine? - Answer Simple columnar What is located in your sertoli cells that forms the blood testis barrier? - Answer Tight Junctions / Zonulae Occludens What is overdistended and destroyed in emphysema? - Answer Alveolar ducts What biogenic amine is diurnally secreted in pinealocytes? -...

Renal ultrasound shows 1.5-cm solid mass in upper portion of right kidney. Urine shows 50 erythrocytes, 6 leukocytes, no bacteria. Dx? - Renal cell carcinoma 2. 22-year-old man who is a professional cyclist undergoes extensive physiologic testing as part of his training regimen. His resting pulse is 33/min, and blood pressure is110/62 mm Hg. Echocardiography shows dilated ventricles with normal function and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 75%. Which of the following best describes the...

Introduction: The National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) is an organization that provides a comprehensive evaluation of medical students' knowledge and skills. One of the ways they do this is by administering Shelf Exams. These exams are designed to assess a student's clinical knowledge and competency in a particular subject area. In this document, we will provide guidelines and best practices for taking NBME Shelf Exams. What are NBME Shelf Exams? NBME Shelf Exams are standardized te...