Biology

Penn Foster Biology Exam 1 Review | Cells, Atoms & Water Properties|Complete with A+ Graded Answers _______ are the smallest units of life. Cells Which one of the following lists shows the correct order of biological organization? Population, community, ecosystem, biosphere A modification that makes organisms more suited to their environment is called a/an adaptation. The life-domain whose members live in very harsh environments, such as salt lakes and hot springs, is called Archaea. D...

BIO 182 Exam 2 Study Guide (ASU) | Evolution, Enzymes & Phylogenetics niche range of environmental conditions in which a genotype can persist abiotic physical conditions biotic other organisms which are the strongest bonds covalent bonds low temps more flexible enzymes high temps more rigid enzymes Do enzymes maintain a rigid structure while catalyzing? No it is constantly changing adaptive plasticity one genotype has multiple phenotypes & environments trigger change genetic dri...

DNA Structure & Replication Exam Review | Chapter 9 Biology What are the three parts of the nucleotide? Sugar, phosphate, base What kind of sugar is found in a nucleotide? Deoxyribose Which nucleotide component contains nitrogen? Bases Name the four nitrogen bases Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, and Cytosine What makes up the rungs of the "ladder"? Bases What makes up the backbone of the "ladder"? Sugar and phosphate What type of biological molecule is a DNA helicase? Enzyme...

Biology Chapter 9 Exam Prep | DNA Structure, Nucleotides & Replication DNA contains the instructions for, and controls, the production of proteins helicase an enzyme that "unzips" DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds that hold the two strands together between the nitrogen bases guanine a nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with cytosine base pairing a rule that states A = T and C = G cytosine a nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with guanine thymine a nitrogen base in DNA that pairs wit...

Chapter 9 DNA Structure & Replication Exam Study Guide | High-Yield Genetics Latest Update Graded A+ The jobs of genetic material Genetic material must carry out two jobs : duplicate itself and control the development of the rest of the cell in a specific way" Francis Crick nucleotide The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a 5-carbon sugar ribose a 5-carbon sugar in RNA deoxyribose 5-carbon sugar in a DNA nucleotide adenine (A) ...

Biochemistry Amino Acid & Protein Structure Practice Questions T/F: According to the module, a compound with a molecular mass of 1,000 g/mol is considered a macromolecule. false macromolecule >5,000 g/mol T/F: Biomolecules can have two or more different functional groups. true T/F: The following group is an amine. C2H5NH2 true T/F: In a eukaryotic cell, the organelles called peroxisomes serve the purpose of digesting macromolecules. false peroxisomes degrade dangerous/hazardo...

Biochemistry Exam Study Guide | Amino Acids, Peptide Bonds & Protein Structure What are the four Organic Molecules? Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids A building block of polymer? monomer What is the monomer for carbohydrates? monosaccharides What are the building blocks for lipids? fatty acids and glycerol What is the monomer of proteins? amino acid What is the monomer of nucleic acids? nucleotides What is a chain of amino acids called? polypeptide chain Something tha...

BIO 1301 Final Exam Study Guide | Comprehensive Biology Review What is Taxonomy? The science of naming things/organisms. What are the 3 domains? Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya Why do we use the scientific method? To make sure that our results/experiments are valid. What are the steps of the scientific method? 1. Observation 2.Hypothesis 3.Design Experiment. 4.Collect Data 5.Analyze 6.Conclusion What is negative feedback? Normal responses. Example would be a thermostat (supply and dema...

BIO 1301 Comprehensive Final Exam Notes | Biology Made Easy In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate The NET result of two molecules of glucose undergoing glycolysis is the formation of 4 NADH and 4 ATP In muscle cells deprived of oxygen, the end product of glycolysis is converted to lactic acid During an intermediate step of the pathway called ______, a 6-carbon sugar diphosphate molecule is split into two, 3-carbon sugar phosphate molecules. glycolysis Before entering the Krebs...

BIO 1301 Final Exam Study Guide | Comprehensive Biology Review Homeostasis is the process by which organisms... Maintain internal stability in a constantly changing environment. A variety of bird species on the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks needed for utilizing specific food resources. What is the likely process by which these different species of finches came about? vertical inheritance with mutation. A researcher tests the hypothesis that people who take large da...

NCSU BIO 181 Test 1 Study Guide | Evolution & Natural Selection Evolution The changing of an entity over a period of time Darwin Developed ideas on natural selection and heritable traits Origin of species Darwin's book written about his findings on the Galapagous Galapagos Islands Key location of Darwin's studies of natural selection; off the west coast of South America Finches Key species in Darwin's studies of evolution Mutation A base pair or set of base pairs on a strand...

BIO 181 Paciulli Final Exam Study Guide (NCSU) | Ecology, Populations & Evolution You are studying the color-changing Smith's dwarf chameleon (Bradypodion taeniabronchum), and trying to get a handle on what is going on with their population fluctuations. For a few years, the chameleon population seemed to be increasing, but the next few years the population appeared to be decreasing. Upon closer examination, the data indicate that population growth is most influenced by the number of femal...

Biology Chapter 1 Exam Study Guide | Introduction to Biology & Cell Theory Biology The study of living organisms Unicellular organism An organism made up of only one cell Multicellular organism An organism made up of more than one cell Cytoplasm Contents that fill a cell, including the cytosol and organelles Plasma membrane Structure that surrounds a cell and defines its boundaries DNA Genetic (hereditary) material of cells Prokaryote Cell that does not contain a nucleus Eukaryote...

Biology Final Exam Study Guide | Properties of Life & Fields of Biology biology the study of life properties of life cellular organization, homeostasis, metabolism, responsiveness, haredity, growth, reproduction cellular organization basic structure of all cells is the same homeostasis insides work to stay the same while the outside changes metabolism all reactions that keep an organism alive and use energy responsiveness react haredity passing of traits growth changing, developi...

Biology Chapter 2 Practice Exam: Atoms, Bonds, Water & pH Cohesion The property of water that allows the molecule to stick to other water molecules. Adhesion The sticking together of particles of different substances. Atom The smallest basic unit of matter Element Substance made of only one type of atom that can not be broken down by chemical means Compound Substance made of atoms of different elements that are bonded together in a particular ratio Ion Atom that has gained or lost on...

Biology Chapter 1 & 2 Exam | Scientific Method, Levels of Organization & Life Processes List the levels of organization for life 1. Biosphere 2. Ecosystem 3. Community 4. Populations 5. Organism 6. Organs and organ systems 7. Tissue 8. Cell 9. Organelle 10. Molecule What is a Biosphere? All life on earth and the places where they exist What is an ecosystem? Organisms in a particular area and physical components in which life interacts - ex: soil, water, light What is a community? All or...

Intro to Biology Chapter 1 Exam | Scientific Method, Variables & Experiments science organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world observation process of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way inference a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience hypothesis possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question controlled experiment experiment in which only one variable ...

Miller and Levine Biology Chapter 11 Vocabulary genetics scientific study of heredity fertilization process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell trait specific characteristic of an individual hybrid offspring of crosses between parents with different traits gene sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait; factor that is passed from parent to offspring allele one of a number of different forms of a gene p...

Intro to Biology Chapter 2 Exam | Characteristics of Life, Cells & Homeostasis|Latest Update Complete with Verified A+ Graded Answers Characteristics of living things cells, biomolecules, use energy, respond to stimuli, grow & develop, reproduce cell The basic unit of structure and function in all living things organism a living thing unicellular describes singled cell organisms multicellular describes organisms that are made up of more than one cell stimulus change in an organism...

The cell cycle is the series of events by which a cell grows, duplicates its genetic material, and divides to form two identical daughter cells. It is essential for growth, repair, and reproduction in living organisms. The cell cycle is divided into two main phases: Interphase and the Mitotic (M) phase. Interphase is the longest phase and consists of three stages: G₁ phase (Gap 1): The cell grows and carries out normal metabolic activities. S phase (Synthesis): DNA is replicated so that ea...