BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers| Actual Complete Exam| Already Graded A+
Matter ✔Correct Answer--Anything that occupies space and has a mass
Three Physical States of Matter ✔Correct Answer--Solid, liquid, gas
Element ✔Correct Answer--Substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by
chemical reactions
Four elements that make up about 96% of the weight and most cells: ✔Correct Answer--Oxygen,
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
Atoms ✔Correct Answer--The smallest functional units of matter that form ALL chemical
substances
Three subatomic particles ✔Correct Answer--Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
Protons ✔Correct Answer--Positive charge, found in nucleus. Number of protons is what
distinguishes one element from another
Atomic number ✔Correct Answer--How many protons are in an element
Mass number ✔Correct Answer--sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus
Isotopes ✔Correct Answer--Forms of an element with different numbers of neutrons than protons.
Ex; Carbon 12 = 6 protons and 7 neutrons.
Gaining vs. Losing electrons ✔Correct Answer--N+1 = Losing electron
N-1 = Gaining electron
Electrons = electronegative
Octet rule ✔Correct Answer--Atoms are most stable when their outer shell is full. The outer shell
has to be filled with 8 electrons EXCEPT Hydrogen and Helium with just 2 electrons.
Valence Electrons ✔Correct Answer--Electrons more likely to form bonds, taken away, or shared
with other atoms. Electrons in the outer shell
Compounds ✔Correct Answer--Putting two elements together
Two types of chemical bonds ✔Correct Answer--Ionic and covalent
Ionic Bonds ✔Correct Answer--ELECTRON SWAP- formed between oppositely charged ions. Ex;
NaCl
Ions (2 types) ✔Correct Answer--Charged atoms
Cations: Have a net positive charge (+)
Anions: Have a net negative charge (-)
, Ionic ✔Correct Answer--Something with a charge
Covalent Bond ✔Correct Answer--Forms when two atoms SHARE one or more pairs of outer-shell
electrons. These bonds are the strongest of bonds.
Polar Molecules ✔Correct Answer--An uneven distribution of charge Ex; H2O. Hydrogen are slightly
positive, oxygen is slightly negative.
Hydrogen Bond ✔Correct Answer--A weak attraction between a partially positive hydrogen and a
partially negative atom like Oxygen. Causes cohesion
Cohesion ✔Correct Answer--The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together. Ex;
sipping through a straw. In order for the water to be sucked up and stuck together is cohesion
Heat ✔Correct Answer--The amount of energy associated wit hteh movement of the atoms and
molecules in a body of matter
Temperature ✔Correct Answer--Measures the intensity of heat
Evaporative Cooling ✔Correct Answer--Occurs when a substance evaporates and the surface of the
liquid remaining behind cools down. Ex; sweating
Aqueous Solution ✔Correct Answer--When water is the solvent
Hydrophilic ✔Correct Answer--Likes and will dissolve in water
Polar Covalent bonds ✔Correct Answer--Hydrophilic, will dissolve in water
Hydrophobic ✔Correct Answer--water fearing, does not dissolve in water, nonpolar molecules like
OILS
Organic Compounds ✔Correct Answer--Crabon-based molecules
Carbon ✔Correct Answer--Element, life's Building Blocks. Four valence electrons. Looking for four
bonds. Can form nonpolar or polar bonds
Hydrocarbons ✔Correct Answer--The simplest organic compounds. Contain only carbon and
hydrogen atoms.
Simplest Carbon: Methane ✔Correct Answer--
Form = .... ✔Correct Answer--Function
Macromolecules ✔Correct Answer--BIG molecules. Most macromolecules are polymers
Polymers ✔Correct Answer--Made by stringing together many smaller molecules
Monomers ✔Correct Answer--small molecules
How are monomers made into polymers? ✔Correct Answer--Dehydration reaction
Answers| Actual Complete Exam| Already Graded A+
Matter ✔Correct Answer--Anything that occupies space and has a mass
Three Physical States of Matter ✔Correct Answer--Solid, liquid, gas
Element ✔Correct Answer--Substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by
chemical reactions
Four elements that make up about 96% of the weight and most cells: ✔Correct Answer--Oxygen,
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
Atoms ✔Correct Answer--The smallest functional units of matter that form ALL chemical
substances
Three subatomic particles ✔Correct Answer--Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
Protons ✔Correct Answer--Positive charge, found in nucleus. Number of protons is what
distinguishes one element from another
Atomic number ✔Correct Answer--How many protons are in an element
Mass number ✔Correct Answer--sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus
Isotopes ✔Correct Answer--Forms of an element with different numbers of neutrons than protons.
Ex; Carbon 12 = 6 protons and 7 neutrons.
Gaining vs. Losing electrons ✔Correct Answer--N+1 = Losing electron
N-1 = Gaining electron
Electrons = electronegative
Octet rule ✔Correct Answer--Atoms are most stable when their outer shell is full. The outer shell
has to be filled with 8 electrons EXCEPT Hydrogen and Helium with just 2 electrons.
Valence Electrons ✔Correct Answer--Electrons more likely to form bonds, taken away, or shared
with other atoms. Electrons in the outer shell
Compounds ✔Correct Answer--Putting two elements together
Two types of chemical bonds ✔Correct Answer--Ionic and covalent
Ionic Bonds ✔Correct Answer--ELECTRON SWAP- formed between oppositely charged ions. Ex;
NaCl
Ions (2 types) ✔Correct Answer--Charged atoms
Cations: Have a net positive charge (+)
Anions: Have a net negative charge (-)
, Ionic ✔Correct Answer--Something with a charge
Covalent Bond ✔Correct Answer--Forms when two atoms SHARE one or more pairs of outer-shell
electrons. These bonds are the strongest of bonds.
Polar Molecules ✔Correct Answer--An uneven distribution of charge Ex; H2O. Hydrogen are slightly
positive, oxygen is slightly negative.
Hydrogen Bond ✔Correct Answer--A weak attraction between a partially positive hydrogen and a
partially negative atom like Oxygen. Causes cohesion
Cohesion ✔Correct Answer--The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together. Ex;
sipping through a straw. In order for the water to be sucked up and stuck together is cohesion
Heat ✔Correct Answer--The amount of energy associated wit hteh movement of the atoms and
molecules in a body of matter
Temperature ✔Correct Answer--Measures the intensity of heat
Evaporative Cooling ✔Correct Answer--Occurs when a substance evaporates and the surface of the
liquid remaining behind cools down. Ex; sweating
Aqueous Solution ✔Correct Answer--When water is the solvent
Hydrophilic ✔Correct Answer--Likes and will dissolve in water
Polar Covalent bonds ✔Correct Answer--Hydrophilic, will dissolve in water
Hydrophobic ✔Correct Answer--water fearing, does not dissolve in water, nonpolar molecules like
OILS
Organic Compounds ✔Correct Answer--Crabon-based molecules
Carbon ✔Correct Answer--Element, life's Building Blocks. Four valence electrons. Looking for four
bonds. Can form nonpolar or polar bonds
Hydrocarbons ✔Correct Answer--The simplest organic compounds. Contain only carbon and
hydrogen atoms.
Simplest Carbon: Methane ✔Correct Answer--
Form = .... ✔Correct Answer--Function
Macromolecules ✔Correct Answer--BIG molecules. Most macromolecules are polymers
Polymers ✔Correct Answer--Made by stringing together many smaller molecules
Monomers ✔Correct Answer--small molecules
How are monomers made into polymers? ✔Correct Answer--Dehydration reaction
