NR566 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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Terms in this set (121)
Community acquired S. pneumoniae, Mycoplasma spp., H. influenzae, and
pneumonia (CAP) Staphylococcus aureus
common pathogens
First line treatment of CAP Amoxicillin (PCN), Doxycycline, and Macrolides
for previously healthy (Azithromycin).
adults
What to give if first drug If resistance is suspected — Levaquin
didn't work for CAP (Fluroquinolones)
Treatment for M. Macrolides- Erythromycin, clarithromycin,
Pneumoniae in pediatric azithromycin because of potential SE of other drugs
patient (Specific/example
antibiotic from drug class
will be provided)0
Treatment of CAP in Macrolides-erythromycin, PCN-amoxicillin,
pregnancy cephalosporins
If someone has been Floxacin, cipro, ofloxacin,
treated with an antibiotic levofloxacin(fluoroquinolones)
in the previous 90 days of
contracting CAP, a
quinolone would be a
prudent choice to
prescribe such as:
,Treatment of chlamydial Macrolide-Erythromycin 12.5mg/kg PO QUID x 14
pneumonia in infant days
(options will include dose,
but if you know the
correct drug, the dose will
come with it on the exam
so no need to memorize
dose):
Commonly used for empiric therapy when the
When to use broad-
pathogen is unknown or infection with multiple types
spectrum agents
of bacteria is suspected.
When to use narrow- Used when infecting pathogen is unknown.
spectrum agents
What are empiric Starting treatment without cultures or prior to
antibiotics receiving results.
When to prescribe empiric Critically ill, hospitalized patients until culture results
antibiotics return, ambulatory patients, combination therapy.
How to treat c-diff 10 days of oral vancomycin or metronidazole (flagyl).
Drug class known for ALL 2nd and 3rd generation Cephalosporins
drugs in class to promote
development of C. Diff
PCN cross-sensitivity Cephalosporins or carbapenems
reactions with which drug
classes:
Prescribing PCN in Safe throughout pregnancy - safe to use in
pregnancy breastfeeding, amoxicillin most safe
Cephalosporins patient Report increase in stool frequency (concern for c-
education diff)
Prescribing Safe throughout pregnancy
cephalosporins in
pregnancy
, Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, wear
Tetracyclines patient
protective clothing, apply sunscreen, report promptly
education
any diarrhea.
Prescribing tetracyclines Contraindicated
in pregnancy
Macrolides patient Avoid exposure to sunlight, wear protective clothing
education and apply sunscreen.Report promptly any diarrhea.
Aminoglycosides patient Report symptoms of ototoxicity (H/A, nausea, tinnitus,
education vertigo) and toxicity to kidneys.
Complete the course of treatment even though
symptoms may abate before the full course is over.
Drink 8-10 glasses of water a day to decrease risk of
crystal urea.Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight,
Sulfaonamides patient wear protective clothing, apply sunscreen, avoid
education tanning beds to prevent photosensitivity reactions.
Observe for alterations that may indicate
hypersensitivity like a rash and hold if occur.Inform of
early signs of blood dycrasias (sore throat, fever,
pallor). Report promptly if they occur.
Prescribing sulfonamides Contraindicated for nursing mothers, pregnant
in pregnancy women in 1st trimester or near term (after 32 weeks)
Gentamicin renal Should be reduced or the dosing interval should be
adjustments increased to prevent toxicity.
100% Correct
Save
Terms in this set (121)
Community acquired S. pneumoniae, Mycoplasma spp., H. influenzae, and
pneumonia (CAP) Staphylococcus aureus
common pathogens
First line treatment of CAP Amoxicillin (PCN), Doxycycline, and Macrolides
for previously healthy (Azithromycin).
adults
What to give if first drug If resistance is suspected — Levaquin
didn't work for CAP (Fluroquinolones)
Treatment for M. Macrolides- Erythromycin, clarithromycin,
Pneumoniae in pediatric azithromycin because of potential SE of other drugs
patient (Specific/example
antibiotic from drug class
will be provided)0
Treatment of CAP in Macrolides-erythromycin, PCN-amoxicillin,
pregnancy cephalosporins
If someone has been Floxacin, cipro, ofloxacin,
treated with an antibiotic levofloxacin(fluoroquinolones)
in the previous 90 days of
contracting CAP, a
quinolone would be a
prudent choice to
prescribe such as:
,Treatment of chlamydial Macrolide-Erythromycin 12.5mg/kg PO QUID x 14
pneumonia in infant days
(options will include dose,
but if you know the
correct drug, the dose will
come with it on the exam
so no need to memorize
dose):
Commonly used for empiric therapy when the
When to use broad-
pathogen is unknown or infection with multiple types
spectrum agents
of bacteria is suspected.
When to use narrow- Used when infecting pathogen is unknown.
spectrum agents
What are empiric Starting treatment without cultures or prior to
antibiotics receiving results.
When to prescribe empiric Critically ill, hospitalized patients until culture results
antibiotics return, ambulatory patients, combination therapy.
How to treat c-diff 10 days of oral vancomycin or metronidazole (flagyl).
Drug class known for ALL 2nd and 3rd generation Cephalosporins
drugs in class to promote
development of C. Diff
PCN cross-sensitivity Cephalosporins or carbapenems
reactions with which drug
classes:
Prescribing PCN in Safe throughout pregnancy - safe to use in
pregnancy breastfeeding, amoxicillin most safe
Cephalosporins patient Report increase in stool frequency (concern for c-
education diff)
Prescribing Safe throughout pregnancy
cephalosporins in
pregnancy
, Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, wear
Tetracyclines patient
protective clothing, apply sunscreen, report promptly
education
any diarrhea.
Prescribing tetracyclines Contraindicated
in pregnancy
Macrolides patient Avoid exposure to sunlight, wear protective clothing
education and apply sunscreen.Report promptly any diarrhea.
Aminoglycosides patient Report symptoms of ototoxicity (H/A, nausea, tinnitus,
education vertigo) and toxicity to kidneys.
Complete the course of treatment even though
symptoms may abate before the full course is over.
Drink 8-10 glasses of water a day to decrease risk of
crystal urea.Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight,
Sulfaonamides patient wear protective clothing, apply sunscreen, avoid
education tanning beds to prevent photosensitivity reactions.
Observe for alterations that may indicate
hypersensitivity like a rash and hold if occur.Inform of
early signs of blood dycrasias (sore throat, fever,
pallor). Report promptly if they occur.
Prescribing sulfonamides Contraindicated for nursing mothers, pregnant
in pregnancy women in 1st trimester or near term (after 32 weeks)
Gentamicin renal Should be reduced or the dosing interval should be
adjustments increased to prevent toxicity.
