Psy100 UofT Final Exam Flashcards Questions With
Complete Solutions
abnormal behaviour Correct Answers any behavior that deviates
from what is considered normal
eg. violation of social norms, statistical rarity, personal distress,
and maladaptive behavior.
absolute threshold Correct Answers the minimum intensity of
stimulus that can be detected at least 50% of the time
accommodation Correct Answers The incorporation of new
learning into an existing schema that requires revision of the
schema.
eg. a child who understands that a four-legged creature is called
a dog. Then, the child encounters a cat and refers to it as a dog
until corrected by a parent. After being corrected, the child can
distinguish between a dog and a cat.
acetylcholine Correct Answers movement; memory, cognition,
sleep
acquisition Correct Answers the gradual formation of an
association between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli
eg. the period where Jimmy was training his sister to associate
the maroon light with sweating
action potential Correct Answers the neural impulse that passes
along the axon and subsequently causes the release of chemicals
from the terminal buttons
,actor observer bias Correct Answers Emphasizing dispositional
attributions to explain the behaviour of others while
emphasizing situational attributions to explain our own
behaviour.
eg. As you are walking down the street, you trip and fall. You
immediately blame the slippery pavement, an external cause.
However, if you saw a random stranger trip and fall, you would
probably attribute this to an internal factor, such as clumsiness
or inattentiveness
affect heuristic Correct Answers we often rely on our emotions,
rather than concrete information, when making decisions
eg. when humans buy a product because the company stands for
good values and perhaps donates to help charities
Afferent neuron Correct Answers carries info from PNS to CNS
agnosia Correct Answers a rare disorder whereby a patient is
unable to recognize and identify objects, persons, or sounds
using one or more of their senses despite otherwise normally
functioning senses
eg. can see there is a cat but can't identify it
agonist Correct Answers drugs that enhance the actions of
neurotransmitters
agoraphobia Correct Answers Unrealistic fear of open spaces,
being outside the home alone, or being in a crowd.
algorithm Correct Answers A precise, step-by-step set of rules
that will reliably generate a solution to a problem.
,eg. step by step instruction to bake a cake
analogical representation Correct Answers A representation that
maintains some of the characteristics of the real object
e.g., maps
analytic thinking style Correct Answers Focusing on objects'
relationship with each other
western
eg. when asked to describe a dining table, an analytic thinker
might say it is made of dark wood and can seat six people
antagonist Correct Answers Drugs the inhibit the actions of
neurotransmitters.
anxiety disorders Correct Answers A disorder featuring anxiety
that is not proportional to a person's circumstances.
assimilation Correct Answers The incorporation of new
learning into an existing schema without the need to revise the
schema.
eg. A child sees a new type of dog that they've never seen before
and immediately points to the animal and says, "Dog!"
attachment Correct Answers Emotional bond linking an infant
to a parent or caregiver.
Adaptive --> encourages proximity between child and
mother/caregiver
Oxytocin
, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Correct
Answers A disorder characterized by either unusual
inattentiveness, hyperactivity with impulsivity, or both.
attributions Correct Answers judgement about the cause of a
person's behaviour
audience inhibition Correct Answers people feel inhibited when
there is an audience (other bystanders) around, because they fear
to be evaluated negatively when they decide to step out of the
crowd and intervene
audition Correct Answers the sense of hearing
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Correct Answers A disorder
characterized by deficits in social relatedness and
communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive,
ritualistic behaviour.
autobiographical memory Correct Answers includes both
semantic and episodic knowledge of the self
Eg. Ur birthday, cities you've lived in
autonomic nervous system (ANS) Correct Answers The
division of the peripheral nervous system that directs the activity
of glands, organs, and smooth muscles.
Efferent and afferent pathways between the CNS and smooth
muscles/glands (Eg. Circulatory system, digestive system)
Autonomic responses typically involve changes in involuntary
bodily functions
Eg. Heart rate, digestion, perspiration
Complete Solutions
abnormal behaviour Correct Answers any behavior that deviates
from what is considered normal
eg. violation of social norms, statistical rarity, personal distress,
and maladaptive behavior.
absolute threshold Correct Answers the minimum intensity of
stimulus that can be detected at least 50% of the time
accommodation Correct Answers The incorporation of new
learning into an existing schema that requires revision of the
schema.
eg. a child who understands that a four-legged creature is called
a dog. Then, the child encounters a cat and refers to it as a dog
until corrected by a parent. After being corrected, the child can
distinguish between a dog and a cat.
acetylcholine Correct Answers movement; memory, cognition,
sleep
acquisition Correct Answers the gradual formation of an
association between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli
eg. the period where Jimmy was training his sister to associate
the maroon light with sweating
action potential Correct Answers the neural impulse that passes
along the axon and subsequently causes the release of chemicals
from the terminal buttons
,actor observer bias Correct Answers Emphasizing dispositional
attributions to explain the behaviour of others while
emphasizing situational attributions to explain our own
behaviour.
eg. As you are walking down the street, you trip and fall. You
immediately blame the slippery pavement, an external cause.
However, if you saw a random stranger trip and fall, you would
probably attribute this to an internal factor, such as clumsiness
or inattentiveness
affect heuristic Correct Answers we often rely on our emotions,
rather than concrete information, when making decisions
eg. when humans buy a product because the company stands for
good values and perhaps donates to help charities
Afferent neuron Correct Answers carries info from PNS to CNS
agnosia Correct Answers a rare disorder whereby a patient is
unable to recognize and identify objects, persons, or sounds
using one or more of their senses despite otherwise normally
functioning senses
eg. can see there is a cat but can't identify it
agonist Correct Answers drugs that enhance the actions of
neurotransmitters
agoraphobia Correct Answers Unrealistic fear of open spaces,
being outside the home alone, or being in a crowd.
algorithm Correct Answers A precise, step-by-step set of rules
that will reliably generate a solution to a problem.
,eg. step by step instruction to bake a cake
analogical representation Correct Answers A representation that
maintains some of the characteristics of the real object
e.g., maps
analytic thinking style Correct Answers Focusing on objects'
relationship with each other
western
eg. when asked to describe a dining table, an analytic thinker
might say it is made of dark wood and can seat six people
antagonist Correct Answers Drugs the inhibit the actions of
neurotransmitters.
anxiety disorders Correct Answers A disorder featuring anxiety
that is not proportional to a person's circumstances.
assimilation Correct Answers The incorporation of new
learning into an existing schema without the need to revise the
schema.
eg. A child sees a new type of dog that they've never seen before
and immediately points to the animal and says, "Dog!"
attachment Correct Answers Emotional bond linking an infant
to a parent or caregiver.
Adaptive --> encourages proximity between child and
mother/caregiver
Oxytocin
, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Correct
Answers A disorder characterized by either unusual
inattentiveness, hyperactivity with impulsivity, or both.
attributions Correct Answers judgement about the cause of a
person's behaviour
audience inhibition Correct Answers people feel inhibited when
there is an audience (other bystanders) around, because they fear
to be evaluated negatively when they decide to step out of the
crowd and intervene
audition Correct Answers the sense of hearing
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Correct Answers A disorder
characterized by deficits in social relatedness and
communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive,
ritualistic behaviour.
autobiographical memory Correct Answers includes both
semantic and episodic knowledge of the self
Eg. Ur birthday, cities you've lived in
autonomic nervous system (ANS) Correct Answers The
division of the peripheral nervous system that directs the activity
of glands, organs, and smooth muscles.
Efferent and afferent pathways between the CNS and smooth
muscles/glands (Eg. Circulatory system, digestive system)
Autonomic responses typically involve changes in involuntary
bodily functions
Eg. Heart rate, digestion, perspiration
