Multicultural Final Exam Questions With Actual Question And Answers.

(1) demographic imperative (2) technological imperative (3) economic imperative (4) peace imperative (5) interpersonal imperative - correct answers Name the imperatives for intercultural competence- (1) symbolic (2) interpretive (3) transactional (4) contextual (5) process (6) shared meanings - correct answers Name the 6 characteristics of communication- interpretations - correct answers Culture is a set of shared _____________ derived from the meanings that were and are created between members of the culture. (1) history (2) ecology (3) technology (4) biology (5) institutional networks (6) interpersonal communication patterns - correct answers Name the 6 forces that help to generate and maintain cultural differences- cultural patterns - correct answers________ provide a basic set of standards that guide thought and action. beliefs, values, norms, social practices - correct answersName the 4 components of cultural patterns- Norms - correct answers_______ of a culture are the socialy shared experiences of appropriate behaviors. social practices - correct answers________ are the predictable behavior patterns that members of a culture typically follow. (1) people face common human problems for which they must find solutions, (2) the range of alternative solutions to a culture's problems is limited, (3) there will be preferred solutions and alternative solutions not culturally sanctioned, (4) over time preferred solutions help to shape cultural patterns - correct answersName the 4 functions of cultural patterns that apply to all cultures- (1) activity orientation, (2) social relations orientation, (3) self-orientation, (4) world orientation, (5) time orientation - correct answerscultural patterns address the manner in which a culture orients itself to these five major elements- activity - correct answersTo define their _______ orientation, cultures usually choose a point on the being-becoming-doing continuum. activity - correct answersHow a person measures success is related to their cultural ______ orientation. social relations - correct answersA culture's ________ orientation can range from one that emphasizes equality to one that emphasizes social hierarchy. True - correct answersTrue or false- Somes noticeable differences in social relations orientations is the degree of importance a culture places on formality and group membership social relations - correct answersA culture's _________ orientation defines social roles or place. social relations - correct answersA culture's ________ orientation prescribes appropriate behaviors for men and women. social relations - correct answersA culture's ________ orientation affects the style of interpersonal communication that is most preferred. social relations - correct answersA culture's ________ orientation affects the sense of social reciprocity. self - correct answersA culture's view of _______ orientation influences how its members see themselves. self - correct answersThe _______ orientation view of a culture determines whether people are changeable self - correct answersA culture's ______ orientation is related to the source of motivation for human behavior. self - correct answersA culture's ______ orientation determines a culture's belief of whether people are inherently bad, good, or some combination of the two. world - correct answersA cultre's ______ orientation explains how humans are related to the environment around them. time - correct answersA culture's _____ orientation reflects how the culture views time. context (setting) - correct answersHall's high context versus low context taxonomy organizes cultures by the amount of information implied by the ________ of the communication itself, regardless of the specific words spoken. group - correct answersIn high context and low context cultures, there is a difference in the emphasis put on the individual versus the _________ as a source of self-identity high - correct answersIn _________ context cultures, time is viewed as more open, less structured, more responsive to immediate needs of people, and less subject to external goals and constraints. low - correct answersIn________ context cultures, time is highly organized and people are forced to pay more attention to time to complete the work of living with others. values - correct answersA person's "mental programs" contain the ideas of a culture and are expressed through its dominant ________. 1) power distance, 2) uncertainty avoidance, 3) individualism versus collectivism, 4) masculinity versus femininity, 5) long term versus short term, 6) indulgence versus restraint, 7) monumentalism versus self-effacement - correct answers7 dimensions identified by Hofstede of which dominant patterns of a culture may vary, name them- individualism-collectivism - correct answersThe ___________ dimension of Hofstede's cultural taxonomy involves people's relationships to the larger social groups of which they are a part. long term-short term - correct answersThe ________ dimension of Hofstede's cultural taxonomy which focuses on how cultures relate to the concept of time. indulgence-restraint - correct answersThe ________ dimension of Hofstede's cultural taxonomy which juxtaposes hedonism with self-discipline. Global Leadership Organizational Behavior Effectiveness - correct answersThe GLOBE acronym stands for- power distance, uncertainty avoidance, ingroup collectivism, institutional collectivism, gender egalitarianism, assertiveness, performance, future, humane - correct answersName the 9 GLOBE cultural taxonomy categories- assertiveness dimension - correct answersThe GLOBE taxonomy category that describes the extent to which people value and perfer tough aggressiveness or tender nonagressiveness- 1) unexamined cultural identity, 2) cultural identity search, 3) cultural identity achievement - correct answersThe formation of cultural identity occurs in these three stages- true - correct answersTrue or false- Cultural identities are dynamic and change with one's ongoing life experiences- 1) social categorizing, 2) ethnocentrism, 3) stereotyping, 4) prejudice, 5) discrimination, 6) racism - correct answersName 6 types of cultural biases- racism - correct answersThe term that refers to the tendency by groups that control institutional and cultural power to use it to keep at a disadvantage members of groups who do not have access to the same kinds of power- institutional and cultural - correct answersName the two levels of racism- institutional - correct answersAt the _______ level, racism is the exclusion of certain people from equal participation in the society's institutions soley because of their race. cultural - correct answersAt the _______ level, racism is denying the existence of a culture of a particular group. 1) old fashioned racism, 2) symbolic racism, 3) tokenism, 4) aversive racism, 5) genuine likes and dislikes, 6) the degree of unfamiliarity - correct answersName the 6 forms of racism- symbolic racism - correct answersSometimes called "modern racism", this form of racism is where members of a group with political and economic power beleive that members of some other group threaten their traditional values- tokenism - correct answersThe form of racism that occurs when individuals do not perceive themselves as prejudiced because they make small concessions to, while holding basically negative attitudes toward, members of the other group- aversive racism - correct answersThe form of racism that occurs when individuals who highly value fairness and equality among all racial and cultural groups nevertheless have negative beliefs and feelings about members of a particular race, often as a result of childhood socialization experiences- genuine likes and dislikes - correct answersThe form or racism in which the cultural practices of some group of people can form the basis for a prejudicial attitude simply because the group displays behaviors that another group does not like- degree of unfamiliarity - correct answersThe form of racism, which is the least alarming form, includes responding to unfamiliar people which may create negative attitudes because of a lack of experience with the characteristics of their group- function, accomplish tasks, interact with others - correct answersLanguage plays a central role in the ability to _______, to _______, and to ________. equivalence - correct answersTranslation _______ is used to describe the process of trying to translate and represent a source of language as closely as possible. 1) vocabulary equivalence, 2) idiomatic equivalence, 3) grammatical-syntactical equivalence, 4) experiential equivalence, 5) conceptual equivalence - correct answersName the 5 different types of translation equivalence- language, thought, and culture (such as grammars that show respect and social hierarchy, and pronouns and cultural characteristics) - correct answersVariations in linguistic grammars highlight the relationship among _______, _______, and ______. true - correct answersTrue or false- nonverbal repertoires, their display rules and their preferred interpretations are not taught verbally, but they are learned through direct observation and personal experience in a culture pitch, rate, rhythm and volume - correct answersVocalic qualities of nonverbal communication include _______, ______, _______, and _______. True - correct answersOther nonverbal code systems are relevant to intercultural communication such as chemical code system, dermal code system, physical code system, and artifactual code system- True or False 1) body movements (kinesics), 2) proxemics, 3) touch, 4) time, 5) voice - correct answersName the "channels" (5) of nonverbal messages- 1) emblems, 2) illustrators, 3) affect, 4) regulators, 5) adaptors - correct answersName the 5 different types of body movements used for nonverbal communication- true - correct answersTrue or false- touch can express positive and/or negative feelings, indicate playfulness, establish control and social dominance, and be used to accomplish tasks- time - correct answers________ systems are the implicit cultural rules that are used to arrange sets of experiences in some meaningful way. true - correct answersTrue or false-Perhaps the most important aspect of a culture's informal time system is the degree to which it is monochronic or polychronic speaker - correct answersIn ________ responsible culture-language a speaker is expected to provide the structure and much of the specific meaning of statements listener - correct answersIn ________ responsible culture-language a speaker needs to indicate only indirectly what they are discussing and what they want the listener to know when the conversation is over (used in Japan). persuasive - correct answersCulturally preferred ways of convincing others is called ________ style. logical - correct answersThe word ______ is often used to describe the preferred persuasive style of a culture- ethno logics (or alternative logics) - correct answersVariations in logics (preferred persuasive style of a culture) and rationalities are often called ________. 1) interaction between a speaker and an audience, 2) speaker intention to urge an audience to accept a point of view or conclusion, 3) use of evidence, 4) establishing a connection between pieces of evidence, and 5) ordering evidence into a meaningful arrangement - correct answersElements of persuasion include- true - correct answersTrue or false- Thai, Arab and Chinese discourse all have rehtorical traditions that emphasize the importance of emotion in assessing the truthfulness of a situation 1) quasilogical style, 2) presentational style, and 3) analogical style - correct answersName the 3 general strategies of persuasion that can form a culture's persuasuve style- quasilogical - correct answersThe _______ style of persuasion emphasizes the use of objective statistics and testimony from expert witnesses and is used by many Western cultures. presentational - correct answersThe _______ style of persuasion emphasizes and appeals to the emotional aspects of persuasion. analogical - correct answersThe _______ style of persuasion seeks to establish an idea (or conclusion) and to persuade the listener by providing an analogy, a story, or a parable in which there is either an implicit or explicit lesson to be learned. true - correct answersTrue or false- Silence is often taken by many Western Europeans and European Americans to convey a range of negative experiences- awkwardness, embarassment, hostility,