civil engineering exam 1 complete questions with detailed correct answers

These engineers design, plan, and manage construction projects - correct answers civil engineers These engineers deal with the quantity, quality, and transport of water - correct answers water resource engineers Name some examples of civil infrastructure - correct answers stormwater management systems, parks, schools, and other government facilities, A combination of transportation, water resources, and environmental engineering. - correct answers geotechnical engineers These engineers design and analyze structures to meet safety constraints while considering architectural requirements and aesthetics - correct answers structural engineers An exam required for licensure that includes basic mathematics and science, engineering fundamentals (statics, mechanics of materials, thermodynamics, engineering economics, etc.), as well as civil and environmental engineering fundamentals - correct answers fundamentals of engineering exam The engineers deal with the behavior of earth materials - correct answers geotechnical engineers Funds used to operate and maintain infrastructure - correct answers operation and maintenance These engineers prevent, minimize, or remediate the contamination of air, soil, water, and the associated human and environmental health aspects of such contamination. - correct answers environmental engineers Funds used to build infrastructure improvements or replacements - correct answers capital funds These engineers deals with the safe and efficient movement of people and goods - correct answers transportation engineers An engineered item is designed to function for a certain length of time - correct answers design life The average of a data set obtained by dividing the sum of the data entries by the number entries - correct answers mean A measure of the spread of data relative to a mean value - correct answers standard deviation The value in a data set that occurs with the most frequency - correct answersmode The mathematical difference between the maximum and minimum value in a data set - correct answersrange The middle number of a data set - correct answersmedian Scaled down versions of treatment processes - correct answerspilot studies The volume of water that passes a certain point in a given amount of timeThe volume of water that passes a certain point in a given amount of time - correct answersflow rate return period - correct answersrecurrence interval people, planet and profit - correct answerstriple bottom line A measure of the void spaces in a geologic formation - correct answersporosity The extent of the world's land area that is required to support a lifestyle - correct answersecological footprint paved parking lots, roads, and rooftops that limit infiltration - correct answersimpervious surfaces this occurs at the depth at which a geologic formation is saturated - correct answerswater table a process whereby future uncertainties are incorporated into a plan or design so that if changes do occur, a strategy is already in place to deal with them - correct answersadaptive management soaking of rainwater into the soil - correct answersinfiltration maximum number of people that the earth can support - correct answerscarrying capacity land along a stream or river that is inundated when the stream or river overtops its banks - correct answersfloodplain the flow of non-infiltrated and non-ponded rainwater or snowmelt across the ground surface - correct answersrunoff the release of water vapor from leaf surfaces - correct answerstranspiration a geologic formation that stores water - correct answersaquifer decrease the amount of pollution created and thus the need for treatment - correct answerspollution prevention reduces heating and cooling costs, reduces the urban heat island effect, reduces stormwater runoff, provides natural habitats and reduces noise levels - correct answersgreen roof meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs - correct answerssustainable development sum of goods and services produced - correct answersgross domestic product practice of treating wastewater to achieve standards required for drinking water - correct answerswater reuse water embodied in food - correct answersvirtual water a set of standards and certification that a building is "green" - correct answersLEED The pressure exerted by water perpendicular to a surface such as a retaining wall - correct answershydrostatic pressure A structure that supports the ends of a bridge - correct answersabutment Where loss of human life is possible as a result of dam failure - correct answershigh hazard potential dams Pushing force - correct answerscompression A dam that is at least 50-ft in height with a storage capacity of at least 5,000 acre-feet - correct answersmajor dam A column placed vertically, deep in the subsurface - correct answerspile An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river - correct answerslevee Distributes a structure's weight over a larger area in contact with soil or rock - correct answersfooting A bridge that consists of a network of steel members arranged in triangular shapes - correct answerstruss pulling force - correct answerstension The most common bridge type - correct answersgirder beam A structure that conveys flow through an engineered channel, and acts as a bypass of the dam during exceedingly high water elevations - correct answersspillway A structure utilized to prevent the downward movement of soil or rock - correct answersretaining wall Describe why engineering analyses are conducted - correct answersto identify and characterize problems (keep people safe) Defining the scope - correct answershow far should we go background research - correct answerssite specific research on new technology, process and best practices data collection - correct answersobservations, measurements, non-destructive and invasive testing data organization - correct answersspreadsheets, database, GIS Data analysis - correct answerscalculations, tables, figures model application - correct answersdescriptive or predictive model, software apps model development - correct answersnew software or physical model recommendations - correct answersobjective and based and data engineering analysis - correct answersindetifying and characterizing a problem example of engineering analysis - correct answersdetermining a weak system component or recommending a component upgrade Infrastructure is the - correct answerssystem of public works of a country, state, region or municipality Describe the infrastructure crisis inthe United States - correct answersnot properly maintained, needs repair, no funds how does infrastructure affect all aspects of life - correct answerseverything and anything has to do with infrasture and we depend on it as a society describe components of the hydrologic cycle - correct answersPrecipitation, evaporation, transpiration, infiltration, groundwater flow, runoff describe the impacts of urbanization on watersheds - correct answersGreater frequency and severity of flooding, channel erosion, and destruction of aquatic habita a water shed is - correct answersthe physical area draining to a specified outlet point an outlet point can be: - correct answersriver mouth, culvert, storm water inlet define recurrence intervals - correct answersa measure of how often an event is expected to occur based on the probability of exceeding a given stage threshold Define sustainability - correct answersdeveloping in away thatmaximizes profitwithout harmingpeople or theenvironment